Sedimentary Facies, Processes and Paleochannel Pattern of an Anastomosing River System: An Example from the Upper Neogene of Central Poland

Anastomosing-to-meandering transitional river in sedimentary record: A case study from the Neogene of central Poland

Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Konin Basin (central Poland) during lignite accumulation linked to the mid-Miocene climate optimum

This sedimentological study of the Wielkopolska Member of the Miocene Poznan Formation in the Joźwin IIB opencast lignite-mining field, central Poland, reveals a late mid-Miocene anastomosing fluvial system with ribbon-shaped channels filled mainly by sandy and muddy deposits. The fluvial system, extending across the eastern flank of the post-Mesozoic Kleczew Graben, was tributive in its eastern upper reaches, but was increasingly distributive and northwards deflected in its lower reaches near the graben axis. Lithofacies analysis of a representative palaeochannel indicates that the river discharge significantly fluctuated and that the channels were filled with mud-bearing stratified fine-grained sand by low-density tractional turbulent flow during the high and low water stages and with a massive mud or sandy mud by a high-density flow during the rising and falling stages. The spatial pattern of fluvial channels and deformation channel-fill sandbodies were controlled by the graben topography and the differential compaction of peat substrate, with possible influence of bedrock faults. The fluvial system is thought to have drained to an endorheic ‘terminal’ basin to the north, rather than into the hypothetical Baltic River and further westwards to the distant North Sea basin, as postulated by some previous authors. The present case study contributes to the known spectrum of anastomosing river systems as a sand- to mud-dominated end-member.

https://geojournals.pgi.gov.pl/asgp/article/download/25856/17689

A Miocene anastomosing river system in the area of Konin Lignite Mine, central Poland

Influence of fluvial crevasse-splay deposits on sandbody connectivity: Lessons from geological analogues and stochastic modelling

Crevasse-splay microdelta deposits and their soft-sediment deformation structures (SSDS) are described from a tectonically active lignite-bearing area. These strongly deformed siliciclastic deposits, situated between two lignite benches, are typical of a crevasse-splay microdelta. They accumulated in the overbank zone of a Middle Miocene river system (backswamp area) where shallow ponds or lakes occasionally existed. The deformation takes the form of deformed lamination and load (load casts and flame structures) structures as well as seismic breccias within the first Mid-Polish lignite seam. Ductile deformation structures were generated first by liquefaction and then the breccia was formed under brittle conditions. The brecciation followed a sudden tectonic collapse resulting in an increase in pore pressure related to upward water movement. The occurrence in a tectonic graben and characteristic morphological features suggest an origin of these deformational structures with seismic shocks; thus, they can be called seismites. Hence, we provide strong evidence for accumulation of crevasse-splay sediments in the standing water of a backswamp area, and for tectonic activity in central Poland as the Middle Miocene lignite accumulated.

/pdf/seismically-induced-soft-sediment-deformation-in-crevasse-4cloe3aiy0.pdf

Seismically-induced soft-sediment deformation in crevasse-splay microdelta deposits (Middle Miocene, central Poland) – reply

Distinct types of crevasse splays formed in the area of Middle Miocene mires, Central Poland: Insights from geological mapping and facies analysis

Abstract Sedimentary structures discussed in the present study are genetically linked to ripples that consist of pure sand or alternating sand and mud layers. All types of ripple-related structures, such as climbing-ripple cross-lamination and heterolithic bedding, i.e., flaser, wavy and lenticular (nodular), have been identified for the first time in fluvial strata that have been characterised previously as commonly massive. These small-scale bedforms, produced by migrating ripples, have been documented in a fluvial channel of late Neogene age in central Poland. The abundance and co-occurrence of the structures discussed and their spatial distribution provide evidence of their formation under very low-energy conditions, when flow velocity changed markedly, but was often significantly less than 0.5 m/s. Therefore, these ripple-derived sedimentary structures are here recognised as typical of channel fills of an anastomosing river.

/pdf/the-interpretative-significance-of-ripple-derived-4yq5sfwytn.pdf

The interpretative significance of ripple-derived sedimentary structures within an upper Neogene fluvial succession of central Poland

Tectonic and sedimentary deformational structures within the first Mid-Polish lignite seam – Konin Basin, central Poland

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