Stretching is a common activity used by athletes, older adults, rehabilitation patients, and anyone participating in a fitness program. While the benefits of stretching are known, controversy remains about the best type of stretching for a particular goal or outcome. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to discuss the current concepts of muscle stretching interventions and summarize the evidence related to stretching as used in both exercise and rehabilitation.

/pdf/current-concepts-in-muscle-stretching-for-exercise-and-s4xedzqfn0.pdf

Current concepts in muscle stretching for exercise and rehabilitation

Clinical rehabilitation | Clinical Rehabilitation, P. Kolář, et al. (2013), Hardback (shipping included) € 109 (e-Book € 82.99). Also available: set of 2 posters illustrating developmental positions for DNS exercises: € 65 (including shipping). Both available at: , www.rehabps.com

Subacromial impingement is a frequent and painful condition among athletes, particularly those involved in overhead sports such as baseball and swimming. There are generally two types of subacromial impingement: structural and functional. While structural impingement is caused by a physical loss of area in the subacromial space due to bony growth or inflammation, functional impingement is a relative loss of subacromial space secondary to altered scapulohumeral mechanics resulting from glenohumeral instability and muscle imbalance. The purpose of this review is to describe the role of muscle imbalance in subacromial impingement in order to guide sports physical therapy evaluation and interventions.

Shoulder muscle imbalance and subacromial impingement syndrome in overhead athletes

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Corrective exercise interventions are often utilized to manage subjects with thoracic hyper-kyphosis, yet the quality of evidence that supports their efficiency is lacking In this study, the efficacy of local and comprehensive corrective exercise programs (LCEP and CCEP) on kyphosis angle was evaluated MATERIAL AND METHOD: A prospective, randomised controlled design was used in the present study Sixty patients with postural hyper-kyphosis deformity (42 ◦ ) entered the study for 12 weeks Subjects were randomly assigned to a LCEP (n = 20), CCEP (n = 20), or Control groups (n = 20) Pre- and post-participation levels of kyphosis angle were measured by flexicurve ruler RESULTS: Both the LCEP and CCEP groups demonstrated statistically significant reductions in thoracic kyphosis angle compared to the control group (p = 0001) Furthermore, based on Cohen’s d-value, the efficiency of CCEP was larger than LCEP CONCLUSIONS: Considering the extremely large effect size of the CCEP, we recommend that this program be used in the correction of postural hyper-kyphosis deformity in future

The efficiency of corrective exercise interventions on thoracic hyper-kyphosis angle.

1) The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the duration of smartphone usage on cervical and lumbar spine flexion angles and reposition error in the cervical spine. The study included 18 healthy smartphone users (7 males and 11 females). We measured the kinematics of the upper and lower cervical and lumbar spine flexion angles and the reposition error of the upper and lower cervical spine after 3 s and 300 s smartphone use in sitting. A paired t-test was used to compare the effects of the duration of smartphone usage on the kinematics of cervical and lumbar spine flexion angles and reposition error. The flexion angles of the lower cervical and lumbar spine and the reposition error in the upper and lower cervical spine were significantly increased after 300 s smartphone of use (p .05). These findings suggest that prolonged use of smartphones can induce changes in cervical and lumbar spine posture and proprioception in the cervical spine.

/pdf/influence-of-the-duration-of-smartphone-usage-on-flexion-3tf16l4ybl.pdf

Influence of the Duration of Smartphone Usage on Flexion Angles of the Cervical and Lumbar Spine and on Reposition Error in the Cervical Spine

Chapter 1. Structural and Functional Approaches to Muscle Imbalance Chapter 2. The Sensorimotor System Chapter 3. Chain Reactions Chapter 5. Posture, Balance, and Gait Analysis Chapter 6. Evaluation of Movement Patterns Chapter 7. Muscle Length Testing Chapter 8. Soft-Tissue Assessment Chapter 9. Normalization of Peripheral Structures Chapter 10. Restoration of Muscle Balance Chapter 11. Sensorimotor Training Chapter 12. Cervical Pain Syndromes Chapter 15. Lower-Extremity Pain Syndromes.

Assessment and Treatment of Muscle Imbalance: The Janda Approach

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Assessment and Treatment of Muscle Imbalance: The Janda Approach