The future of the renewable energy and sustainable transportation depends on advanced energy storage technologies. However, the capacity, durability, and safety issues with traditional technologies are often problematic. The rapidly...

pdf/metal-organic-frameworks-for-next-generation-energy-storage-55uwwonidi.pdf

Metal-Organic Frameworks for Next-Generation Energy Storage Devices; A Systematic Review

This study, grounded in panel data derived from A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen spanning the years 2011–2019, employs a panel data fixed-effects model. It scrutinizes the ramifications of digital economic advancement on carbon emissions, adopting the perspective of the carbon trading market. The investigation delves into novel mechanisms and diverse studies about carbon reduction within the realm of the digital economy. Findings indicate that in carbon trading markets, a one-unit augmentation in the level of digital economic development corresponds to a reduction of 0.417 units in carbon emissions. Regions, whether economically advanced or less developed, witness favorable impetus in carbon reduction effects. However, the latter exhibits a relatively more substantial impact, averaging a reduction of 0.589 units in carbon emissions. Mechanistically, leveraging scale effects and green technological innovation, this research identifies the overarching factor of productivity of enterprises as a pivotal regulatory determinant. The digital economy, while augmenting overall factor productivity, manifests a heightened constraining influence on carbon reduction, particularly evident in companies immersed in carbon trading markets. This study not only introduces a novel analytical perspective for a comprehensive exploration of the carbon emissions impact of the digital economy but also furnishes valuable policy insights to actively propel the evolution of carbon trading markets and carbon finance. These insights contribute significantly to the dynamic progression of policies governing carbon trading. 

The impact of digital economy development on carbon emissions-based on the perspective of carbon trading market

In this study, solar thermal desalination methods were developed to enhance the day to day efficiency of solar distillers by improving their portability and water purification properties. The performance of solar stills is highly contingent on environmental factors, making it essential to address these variables. To achieve this, a double-slope single basin solar distiller (DSBD) was upgraded by incorporating a partially coated absorber plate with ZnO/PVC/Bioactive nanocomposite (ZPBN), which was subsequently examined for its impact on drinking water production from multiple perspectives, including energy, exergy, environmental, and economic considerations. The ZPBN material was synthesized using the solvent casting technique, and its properties were comprehensively characterized through various analytical methods. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed a regular crystalline lattice structure amidst an amorphous background, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirmed its surface performance. The presence of ZnO nanoparticles within the PVC and bioactive matrix imparted enhanced thermal characteristics to the DSBD, including higher temperatures, specific heats, and thermal stability compared to the ZPBN. The study demonstrated that the introduction of ZPBN significantly increased drinking water yield by up to 126% due to its enhanced absorption of solar energy. Furthermore, the energy efficiency of the DSBD improved by 0.44%, while its exergy efficiency decreased by 0.25% when compared to a conventional double slope single basin solar distiller (CDSBD) under the tropical climate conditions of Vijayawada, India. In terms of energy matrices, the ZPBN-coated basin area exhibited minimum and maximum energy payback times of 6.55 years and 0.15 years, respectively. Over its lifetime, the DSBD was found to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 2.97 tonnes and offered the lowest cost per litre, amounting to $0.0360. The incorporation of ZPBN on the absorber plate within the DSBD resulted in excellent environmental and energy economies, with values of 4.640 kWh/$ and $83.210, respectively. 

Use of absorber plate built of ZnO/PVC/Bioactivation modified epoxy nanocomposites to improvement of double-effect Solar Distiller productivity analyzing the Energy, Exergo-environment and Enviro-economical

Concrete production is energy-intensive and has an adverse impact on the environment due to the raw materials involved. Currently, India has abundant reserves of fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). Despite various applications, fly ash often ends up in landfills. Given its abundance, there is a growing interest in utilising substantial quantities of fly ash in concrete production. In the current study, M30-grade concrete is designed with very high levels of fly ash and GGBS. Additionally, quick lime (QL) is incorporated as a supplementary agent to augment lime content. A total of twenty concrete mixes have been developed with different combinations of fly ash, GGBS, and QL. Results illustrate that the addition of QL does not show overall strength improvement to the GGBS-based mixes, but it impacts on fly ash-based mixes. The targeted design strength is achieved with 70% cement replacement with fly ash and QL. The strength development depends on the pozzolanic reaction initiated and the formation of hydration products in the system. The environmental impact of concrete is assessed by analysing its life cycle assessment using a cradle-to-gate approach. The energy requirement and kg-CO2 eq. emissions depend on the level of cement replacement. The fly ash-based concrete emits less kg-CO2 eq. and requires less energy than the GGBS-based mixes. Overall, the designed strength is achieved with 65% fly ash, requiring 59% less energy, reducing 54% CO2 footprint, 56% GWP100, 80% HTPinf, 46% ODPinf, and cost by 34% compared to OPC-based concrete. 

Environmental impact of concrete containing high volume fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag

Internal combustion engines (ICEs) have served as the primary powertrain for mobile sources since the 1890s and also recognized as significant contributors to CO2 emissions in the transportation sector. In order to achieve "carbon neutrality" for transportation sectors, ICE vehicles (ICEVs) are facing substantial challenges in meeting CO2 regulations and intense competition from battery electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles. Consequently, new technologies of ICEs are continually emerging to enhance competitiveness in reducing environmental impacts. However, the limited studies on the life cycle assessment (LCA) of ICEs make it difficult to evaluate the actual contributions of the emerging technologies from a life cycle perspective. Conducting a systematic review of ICEs LCA studies could identify weaknesses and gaps in these studies for new scenarios. Therefore, this article presents the first systematic review of the LCA of ICEs to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge. A total of 87 life cycle assessment studies between 2017 and 2023 using the Scopus database were identified after searching for the keywords "Sustainability assessment" OR "Life cycle assessment" AND "Internal combustion engine*" OR "ICE*" and carefully screening, and then classified and analyzed by six aspects including sustainability indicators, life cycle phases, life cycle inventories, ICE technologies (including alternative fuels), types of mobile sources and powertrain systems. It is concluded that there are quite limited studies solely focusing on LCA of ICEs, and the LCA assessment lacks consideration of: 1. environmental pollution, human health and socio-economic aspects, 2. fuel production process and maintenance & repair phase, 3. small and developing countries, 4. the emerging ICE technologies and zero carbon/carbon-neutral fuels, 5. large and high-power mobile sources and heavy-duty hybrid technologies. 

A systematic review on sustainability assessment of internal combustion engines

MIL-53(Fe) is a highly efficient nanomaterial with considerable application in environmental engineering. Numerous research studies have been conducted on the synthesis methods, characteristics, and applications of MIL-53(Fe); however, the environmental impact and economics of its synthesis routes have not yet been investigated. In this study, to assess the potential and unintended environmental impacts of MIL-53(Fe) production, a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) was applied to the five synthesis routes of MIL-53(Fe) production. The LCA-ReCiPe2016 model was adopted in SimaPro, and in a joint manner, an analysis of the life cycle costing (LCC) was carried out in the same program to evaluate the internal and external costs for the economic aspects. The interpretation of results at the midpoint level with 18 indicators illustrated that the biggest impacts (more than 70%) come from dimethylformamide (DMF) and ethanol (EtOH) usage, respectively, for the synthesis and washing stages, and a higher solvent requirement illustrated more considerable environmental impacts. The endpoint-based LCA evaluation also shows that the usage of DMF and EtOH is connected to the highest damage to human health (80.3–88.2%). Materials costs (∼98.5%) are the largest contributor to the LCC, while external environmental costs (∼1.5%) are the lowest contributor. Therefore, it can be concluded that the production scenarios using environmentally friendly reagents/solvents like water help to reduce both the adverse effects on the environment and the internal and external costs. In this case, route 5 would be the most suitable method for producing MIL-53(Fe) owing to its simplicity and the lowest environmental impact and cost. The integrated method of LCA and LCC developed in this study paves a way for the eco-design of MIL-53(Fe). The model framework can be expanded further to test greener solvents and reuse them in production processes. 

Eco-Environmental Analysis of Different Routes for the Synthesis of MIL-53(Fe): An Integrated Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Cost Approaches

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Eco-Environmental Analysis of Different Routes for the Synthesis of MIL-53(Fe): An Integrated Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Cost Approaches