Pathology of Drug-Eluting Stents in Humans: Delayed Healing and Late Thrombotic Risk

Current status and future perspectives in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) are presented. Special emphasis is placed on mechanistic understanding of ATRP, recent synthetic and process development, and new controlled polymer architectures enabled by ATRP. New hybrid materials based on organic/inorganic systems and natural/synthetic polymers are presented. Some current and forthcoming applications are described.

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP): Current Status and Future Perspectives

A polymer-based, paclitaxel-eluting stent in patients with coronary artery disease☆

Coronary stents: a materials perspective.

Block polymers have undergone extraordinary evolution since their inception more than 60 years ago, maturing from simple surfactants to an expansive class of macromolecules encoded with exquisite attributes. Contemporary synthetic accessibility coupled with facile characterization and rigorous theoretical advances have conspired to continuously generate fundamental insights and enabling concepts that target applications spanning chemistry, biology, physics, and engineering. Here, we parse the vast literature to examine the forefront of the field and identify exciting themes and challenging opportunities that portend a bracing future trajectory. This Perspective celebrates the visionary role played by Macromolecules in advancing our understanding of this remarkable class of materials.

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02355

50th Anniversary Perspective: Block Polymers—Pure Potential

The present invention is generally directed to medical devices, and more specifically to medical devices that are at least partially insertable or implantable into the body of a patient. The medical devices generally comprise (a) a therapeutic agent, more typically, a high-molecular-weight therapeutic agent, and (b) at least one polymeric layer, which typically acts to control the release of the therapeutic agent from the medical device. Also disclosed herein are methods of making such medical devices.

Medical devices for delivery of therapeutic agents

Styrenic block copolymers for biomaterial and drug delivery applications.

Implantable or insertable medical devices are described. The medical devices comprise (a) a therapeutic agent and (b) a polymeric release region that controls the release of the therapeutic agent upon administration to a patient. The polymer release region comprises a graft copolymer, which further comprises a main chain and a plurality of side chains. One of (a) the main chain and (b) the side chains corresponds to a rubbery phase within the release region at ambient temperatures, while the other corresponds to a hard phase within the release layer at ambient temperatures. Typically, the graft copolymer will comprise one glass transition temperature below ambient temperature and another second glass transition temperature above ambient temperature. Also described are methods for forming the above graft copolymers, methods for administering a therapeutic agent to a patient using the above implantable or insertable medical devices, as well as methods for making the above devices.

Implantable or insertable medical devices containing graft copolymer for controlled delivery of therapeutic agents

The present invention relates to phase separated polymeric regions and to their use in conjunction with implantable or insertable medical devices. In some aspects of the invention, phase separated polymeric regions are provided that include (a) at least one biostable polymeric phase and (b) at least one biodisintegrable polymeric phase, which is of nanoscale dimensions and which undergoes biodisintegration such that the phase separated polymeric region becomes a nanoporous polymeric region in vivo. Other aspects of the invention are directed to methods of making implantable or insertable medical devices having at least one nanoporous polymeric region. These methods include (a) providing a phase separated polymeric region comprising a stable polymeric phase and a disintegrate polymeric phase of nanoscale dimensions, (b) selectively removing the disintegrable polymeric phase thereby producing the nanoporous polymeric region. In still other aspects, implantable or insertable medical devices are provided which have phase separated polymeric regions that include (a) at least one block copolymer having at least one biostable polymer block and at least one biodisintegrable polymer block and (b) at least one therapeutic agent which is released in vivo upon implantation or insertion of the medical device.

Medical devices having porous polymeric regions for controlled drug delivery and regulated biocompatibility

Controlled delivery of paclitaxel from stent coatings using poly(hydroxystyrene-b-isobutylene-b-hydroxystyrene) and its acetylated derivative.

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