World Economic Plants: A Standard Reference

Threatened Birds of the Philippines: The Haribon Foundation/Birdlife International Red Data Book

. Lillo EP, Malaki AB, Alcazar SMT, Rosales R, Redoblado BR, Diaz JLB, Pantinople EM, Buot Jr. IE. 2021. Inventory of native and mother trees in Key Biodiversity Areas of Cebu Island, Philippines for species selection in local reforestation programs. Biodiversitas 22: 4740-4749. Forest restoration is the counterforce of deforestation and forest degradation. Yet, despite promoting natural recovery after forest harvest, afforestation and reforestation efforts, tropical forest ecosystems still experience a poor ratio of forest loss to forest gain. The study assessed the native tree species and potential mother trees in different Cebu Island Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) as well as their distribution and habitat preferences which can be used in local reforestation programs. A vegetation survey was conducted in three KBAs in Cebu Island, namely Nug-as forest, Mount Lantoy and Mount Capayas to inventory all native species. Assessment based on the phenotypic characteristics of adult trees was also conducted for indicating mother trees. This study in Cebu Island KBAs recorded a total of 292 species, categorized into 125 families and 203 genera, which can be classified into native trees (210), vines and lianas (18), shrub (37), and herbs (27). Out of the 292 species, 214 were recorded in Nug-as forest, 172 in Mount Lantoy, and 145 in Mount Capayas. Of the 210 native tree species, Nug-as forest had 145 species, Mount Lantoy 131 species, and Mount Capayas 109 species. A total of 241 mother trees were identified in the three KBAs, corresponding to 77 species in which Nug-as forest had 143 trees correspond to 52 species, Mount Lantoy had 68 trees correspond to 29 species, and Mount Capayas had 31 trees correspond to 6 species. Such native tree species are recommended for reforestation programs as planting materials that could reduce the risks of failure due to its high adaptability to the environment.

Inventory of native and mother trees in Key Biodiversity Areas of Cebu Island, Philippines for species selection in local reforestation programs

Abstract. Villanueva ELC, Obeña RDR, Origenes MG, Buot IE Jr. 2022. Vegetation structure of forests over limestone and its influencing environmental factors in Samar Island Natural Park, Philippines. Biodiversitas 23: 6492-6512. Samar Island National Park (SINP) forests over limestone, a nominee to the UNESCO World Natural Heritage List, needs a comprehensive study of its vegetation structure as the baseline for monitoring and effective conservation. Thus, an inventory was conducted in SINP inland forests over limestone with the following objectives: 1) to discuss the woody vegetation structure in the forests of SINP, and 2), to determine the environmental factors affecting the characteristic physiognomy and ecology of Paranas and Taft forests. Standard vegetation techniques in a total of eighteen 20m x 20m plots, classification and ordination analyses were conducted. A total of 3,578 tree individuals in 72 species, under 46 genera belonging to 35 families, were recorded from Paranas and Taft. Cluster analysis revealed 3 vegetation clusters named after the dominant species: 1) Shorea-Manilkara-Walaceodendron Cluster, 2) Shorea and Dracaena Cluster, and 3) Shorea-Manilkara-Hancea Cluster. Canonical correspondence analysis identified temperature as the most important environmental variable influencing the vegetation of SINP. Other environmental variables, despite their high rate of change and little effect on other species, may have multiple effects and indirect influences on other factors influencing the structure of vegetation in SINP. Thus, the development of appropriate conservation strategies is a must.

Vegetation structure of forests over limestone and its influencing environmental factors in Samar Island Natural Park, Philippines

This current study presents a chemical exploration of the methanolic extract of Selliguea taeniata leaves, a fern species endemic in certain regions in the Philippines, such as Ifugao, where it is used to treat cough for good health and well-being of the folks. Although botanical data of this fern are reported, there are still no reports regarding its chemical properties, such as phytochemicals and antioxidant activity, as of the time this study was conducted. The air-dried leaves of S. taeniata were extracted using absolute methanol. The crude extract was concentrated and subjected to the Folin-Ciocalteu method to determine the total phenolic content (TPC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay to evaluate its antioxidant activity, and phytochemical screening. Subsequently, various chromatographic techniques and 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy were applied to isolate and partially characterize its secondary metabolites partially. Methanolic extract of S. taeniata leaves had a TPC of 1669.11 ± 0.07 mg GAE /g of dried sample and antioxidant activity (EC50= 85.79 ± 0.02 ppm). The crude extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, phenols, and tannins. Partial isolation of its secondary metabolites suggested that the crude extract may contain a mixture of proanthocyanidins or its monomer units and glycosides. The claims of the folks from Ifugao on the effectivity of Selliguea taeniata leaf decoction as an antitussive can be attributed to the plant's high antioxidant activity. The extract contained phenolic compounds that could be proanthocyanidins, inhibiting elastase that promotes inflammation.

Isolation, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity of Selliguea taeniata Secondary Metabolites

. Lillo EP, Malaki AB, Alcazar SMT, Rosales R, Redoblado BR, Pantinople E, Nuevo RU, Cutillar RC, Almirante A, Buot IE Jr. 2020. Diversity and distribution of ferns in forest over limestone in Cebu Island Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs), Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 413-421. Three forest areas of Cebu Island, Philippines were recognized as Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) by Department of Environment and Natural Resources [DENR], Philippines based on the criteria of vulnerability and irreplaceability, namely Nug-as of Alcoy, Palinpinon Range of Dalaguete, and Mt. Lantoy of Argao. The study aimed to assess the composition, diversity, and distribution of ferns in the aforementioned KBA's. Quadrat at 20 m x 20 m was established within the 2000 m transect line at an interval of 200 m. Result showed a total of 50 species, categorized into 15 families and 29 genera for 30 quadrats. Twelve species were considered as new records on Cebu. Thirteen species were recorded in both Mt. Lantoy and Nug-as forest KBA’s, but absent in Palinpinon range. While 6 species were recorded as unique to Nug-as forest. Nug-as forest and Mt. Lantoy showed a relative value of very high species diversity. Nug-as forest and Mt. Lantoy KBA forming into one cluster and Palinpinon range proved to have a distinct fern species composition, and form another cluster. Local government units (LGU) in every KBA need to recognize the necessity of biodiversity information in their localities that would facilitate information sharing and awareness, hence enhancing protection and conservation of unique biodiversity, since they are at the forefront of local action.

/pdf/diversity-and-distribution-of-ferns-in-forest-over-limestone-4j338xlb4b.pdf

Diversity and distribution of ferns in forest over limestone in Cebu Island Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs), Philippines

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Diversity and distribution of ferns in forest over limestone in Cebu Island Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs), Philippines