The aim of this work is to improve the mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of PLCHZ composites. The formation of the composites are mixing polylactic acid with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) and chitosan as filler. It produced through the precipitation method using a water bath under a temperature of 60 oC. Five prepared samples are pure PLA, PLCH, PLCHZa, PLCHZb and PLCHZc.  The incorporating eﬀect of fillers on the properties of samples is investigated in terms of mechanical, thermal and water absorbtion test. The result showed that mechanical and thermal properties increased with the addition of ZnO nanoparticles compared to pure PLA and PLCH. Nevertheless, those properties increased up to 2 wt% of ZnO nanoparticles loading but decreased when it content is increased up to 3 wt% and 4 wt%. PLCHZa with the smallest content of 2 wt% ZnO nanoparticles showed the highest value of 15 MPa in tensile strength and 330.6 oC in thermal resistant. In water absorbtion test, PLCHZc with 4 wt% ZnO has better absorb ability as well as the lowest percentage absorption rate of 0.02% to 0.03%. It can be conclude that ZnO nanoparticles play an important role in the main properties of polymer composites.

/pdf/effect-of-zinc-oxide-nanoparticles-on-the-thermal-mechanical-3xkecru0t3.pdf

Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the thermal, mechanical and water absorption properties of polylactic acid/chitosan composites

This study investigated the effect of natural antioxidants inherent to beetroot (Beta vulgaris var. Vulgaris) on the ageing of environmentally friendly plastics. Certain properties were examined in this context, comprising thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties. A visual evaluation of relevant changes in the given polymers (polylactide and polycaprolactone) was conducted during an ageing test in a UV chamber (45 °C, 70% humidity) for 720 h. The films were prepared by a casting process, in which samples with the extract of beetroot were additionally incorporated in a common filler (bentonite), this serving as a carrier for the extract. The results showed the effect of the incorporated antioxidant, which was added to stabilize the biodegradable films. Its efficiency during the ageing test in the polymers tended to exceed or be comparable to that of the reference sample.

Effect of an Antioxidant Based on Red Beetroot Extract on the Abiotic Stability of Polylactide and Polycaprolactone.

The formation of composite from polymer mixture PCL / PLA / Chitosan bentonite was carried out through the melt intercalation method using an extruder at 180 °C with a holding time of 20 minutes. Bentonite is obtained from Kab. North Aceh which has been modified with CTAB surfactant. The sample formulations used were single PCL and PCL polymers each given 3, 5 and 8 % chitosan fillers. A mixture of PCL / PLA (50: 50) was given 3, 5 and 8 % chitosan / bentonite fillers. The sample is a white plastic rod (bone) material which is tested for its nature through several types of characterization. Modified bentonite and chitosan have an effect on increasing the mechanical and thermal properties of PCL, PLA and mixture polymers both based on the results of tensile test, TGA test (thermal) and bacterial test. PCL / PLA 50:50 with the addition of 8 % bentonite-chitosan filler is the most perfect composition which provides the best test value.

Processing and characterization of natural Bentonite from Aceh, Indonesia as filler of Poly-Caprolactone/Poly-Lactic Acid/Chitosan, (PCL/PLA/Chitosan) nanocomposites

The coating material used for the manufacture of polyurethane paints is a coating of hybrid organic-inorganic materials based on palm oil (oleic acid). Polyols are produced from the synthesis of oleic acid by adding organic and inorganic ingredients. Chitosan and bentonite are organic and inorganic elements, which are used to improve thermal capability and antibacterial properties of polyurethane paint produced. Hybrid bentonite-chitosan is then synthesized with polyols and isocyanate is added, namely TDI (Toluene Diisocyanate) to form polyurethane. In the FTIR spectrum of the polyol on O-H bond at Wavelength 3210.25 cm-1, C-H bond at Wavelength 2856.87 cm-1 and C = O bond at Wavelength 1610.86 cm-1, and hybrid bentonitechitosan of FTIR Analysis Chitosan: -OH group at Wavelength 3250 cm-1, N-H at 3545 cm-1, C = O at wavelength 1681 cm-1, C-H group at Wavelength 2810 cm-1. Bentonite: -OH group at Wavelength 3435 cm-1, Si-O group at Wavelength of 1161 cm-1 and Al-O and Si-O groups at Wavelength 820 cm-1. Aliphatic C-H Cluster at 2815 cm-1 Wavelength and 1125 cm-1 Wavelength indicates the presence of a C-O group. While the results of SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) from polyurethane products and with the addition of hybrid bentonite-chitosan namely polyurethane paints produced mixed with chemicals and the main ingredients are polyols from palm oil (oleic acid) while small white clumps greyish namely hybrid bentonite-chitosan which has been mixed into polyurethane paint. This study produced a hybrid material of benthicchitosan as a filler in the manufacture of polyurethane paint.

Bio-Nanocomposite Polyurethane / Clay / Chitosan Paints that have thermal resistance and antibacterial properties for biomedical applications

The role of poly (lactic acid)/chitosan nanocomposites blend in manufacture non-cytotoxic basic bio scaffold

Polyurethanes (PU) is one of the most widespread material in the world. Polyurethanes is an important division of a synthetic polymer that has been used widely included in biomedical applications. Utilization of chitosan for anti-microbial properties of the material is also performed in this study, including testing to comprehend the development of harmful bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, the current development of the science of nanotechnology is not only to produce the anti-bacterial material but also able to resist the thermal resistant. Therefore in this study, dispersion of bentonite nanocomposite as a filler material in the matrix as a reinforcement polyurethane to thermal insulation and improved mechanical properties of the coating materials. The results of the analysis of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) have demonstrated the formation of clusters urethane N-H in the compound polyurethane palm oil, the reaction takes for 6 hours at a temperature of 80°C as evidenced by absorption wave number N-H widening out at 3320 cm-1 and 3480 cm-1. Analysis of X-ray diffraction (X-RD) is an effective method for measuring the crystal structure of pure bentonite and bentonite nanocomposite shows the result of d-spacing pure bentonite was 1.798 nm, pure chitosan was 1.142 nm, bentonite nanoparticles was 2.055 nm, chitosan nanoparticles was 1.571 nm respectively and polyurethane/ bentonite/chitosan (PU/B/CH) nanocomposites were 3.386 nm. This d-spacing larger than that of the pure bentonite and chitosan.

/pdf/influence-of-coating-polyurethane-with-mixture-of-bentonite-4j5wpngw3t.pdf

Influence of coating polyurethane with mixture of bentonite and chitosan nanocomposites

The composite formation from PLA /PCL mixture with bentonite as filler has been carried out by melt intercalation method. Bentonite was obtained from the local area of Bener Meriah, in Aceh which has been modified with CTAB surfactant. The bentonite is which is a swelling (Na+) bentonite. The mass ratio PLA: PCL mixture was varied at 60:40, 50:50, and 40:60, the bentonite filler additive was varied at 3%, 5% and 8% of total weight of the mixture. Temperature and heating duration to melt the mixture were 180°C and 20 minutes, respectively. In the process of forming the sample accordance to ASTM D-638 standard. The process produce the white bone plastic material which was tested by several characterization. Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) shows that PLA/PCL mixture improve thermal stability of the resulting polymer mixture than a single polymer. Futhermore, the tensile strength of the composite with bentonite addition as filler in the composite increased the tensile strength. The strenth is higher as the weigth percentage of the filler increased. Samples PLA60/PCL40 with addition of 8% filler bentonite is the most optimum composite among other variations with thermal degradation temperature value of 355°C and tensile strength of 440 MPa. This research produces a composition of polymer-filler mixtures that are prospectively to be further developed as bio-based composites for various industrial applications, especially biomedical.

Modification of PLA/PCL/Aceh’s bentonite nanocomposites as biomedical materials

Polycaprolactone (PCL) is an important polymer due to its mechanical properties, miscibility with a large range of other polymers and biodegradability. Polycaprolactone (PCL) was chosen as the matrix because of its biodegradability characteristics. This paper reports on an investigation of the influence of the presence of bentonite. It was found that of bentonite significantly influenced the mass loss behavior of the nanocomposite because of physical interactions between the clay and the polymer chains and degradation volatiles. Melt drawing of the composite, however, had little influence on the degradation behavior of the investigated samples. Based on mechanical properties results, addition of bentonite significantly enhances the flexibility of PCL blends. TGA showed that the presence of bentonite improves thermal stability of blends.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/536/1/012040/pdf

Mechanical Properties, Morphology and Thermal Degradation of PCL (Poly ε - Caprolactone) Biodegradable Polymer Blended Nanocomposites with Aceh Bentonite as Filler

Thermal behavior improvement of biodegradable fiber polymer composites polylactic acid (pla)/coir using aceh’s bentonite

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Papers

Influence of coating polyurethane with mixture of bentonite and chitosan nanocomposites

Modification of PLA/PCL/Aceh’s bentonite nanocomposites as biomedical materials

Mechanical Properties, Morphology and Thermal Degradation of PCL (Poly ε - Caprolactone) Biodegradable Polymer Blended Nanocomposites with Aceh Bentonite as Filler

Thermal behavior improvement of biodegradable fiber polymer composites polylactic acid (pla)/coir using aceh’s bentonite