다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

From the Publisher: 
The accessible presentation of this book gives both a general view of the entire computer vision enterprise and also offers sufficient detail to be able to build useful applications. Users learn techniques that have proven to be useful by first-hand experience and a wide range of mathematical methods. A CD-ROM with every copy of the text contains source code for programming practice, color images, and illustrative movies. Comprehensive and up-to-date, this book includes essential topics that either reflect practical significance or are of theoretical importance. Topics are discussed in substantial and increasing depth. Application surveys describe numerous important application areas such as image based rendering and digital libraries. Many important algorithms broken down and illustrated in pseudo code. Appropriate for use by engineers as a comprehensive reference to the computer vision enterprise.

Computer vision : a modern approach = 计算机视觉 : 一种现代的方法

The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive presentation and interpretation of the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) and its numerical implementation. The EnKF has a large user group, and numerous publications have discussed applications and theoretical aspects of it. This paper reviews the important results from these studies and also presents new ideas and alternative interpretations which further explain the success of the EnKF. In addition to providing the theoretical framework needed for using the EnKF, there is also a focus on the algorithmic formulation and optimal numerical implementation. A program listing is given for some of the key subroutines. The paper also touches upon specific issues such as the use of nonlinear measurements, in situ profiles of temperature and salinity, and data which are available with high frequency in time. An ensemble based optimal interpolation (EnOI) scheme is presented as a cost-effective approach which may serve as an alternative to the EnKF in some applications. A fairly extensive discussion is devoted to the use of time correlated model errors and the estimation of model bias.

The Ensemble Kalman Filter: Theoretical formulation and practical implementation

This paper presents a new reflectance model for rendering computer synthesized images. The model accounts for the relative brightness of different materials and light sources in the same scene. It describes the directional distribution of the reflected light and a color shift that occurs as the reflectance changes with incidence angle. The paper presents a method for obtaining the spectral energy distribution of the light reflected from an object made of a specific real material and discusses a procedure for accurately reproducing the color associated with the spectral energy distribution. The model is applied to the simulation of a metal and a plastic.

A reflectance model for computer graphics

Dimensions of Reinforcement Learning

/pdf/a-recurrent-deep-architecture-for-quasi-optimal-feedback-48xtt8ccnp.pdf

A recurrent deep architecture for quasi-optimal feedback guidance in planetary landing

This paper presents a new approach to estimate an observed space object’s shape, while also inferring other attributes, such as its inertial attitude and surface parameters. An adaptive Hamiltonian...

Space-object shape inversion via adaptive hamiltonian Markov Chain Monte Carlo

Autonomous relative terrain navigation is a problem at the forefront of many space missions involving close proximity operations which does not have any definitive answer. There are many techniques to help cope with this issue using both passive and active sensors, but almost all require very sophisticated dynamical models. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) trained with images rendered from a digital terrain map (DTM) can provide a way to side-step the issue of unknown or complex dynamics while still providing reliable autonomous navigation by directly mapping an image to position. The portability of trained CNNs allows offline training that can yield a matured network capable of being loaded onto a spacecraft for real-time position acquisition.

A deep learning approach for optical autonomous planetary relative terrain navigation

The field of Space Situational Awareness (SSA) has progressed over the last few decades with new sensors coming online, the development of new approaches for making observations, and new algorithms for processing them. Although there has been success in the development of new approaches, a missing piece is the translation of SSA goals to sensors and resource allocation; otherwise known as the Sensor Management Problem (SMP). This work solves the SMP using an artificial intelligence approach called Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). Stable methods for training DRL approaches based on neural networks exist, but most of these approaches are not suitable for high dimensional systems. The Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic (A3C) method is a recently developed and effective approach for high dimensional systems, and this work leverages these results and applies this approach to decision making in SSA. The decision space for the SSA problems can be high dimensional, even for tasking of a single telescope. Since the number of SOs in space is relatively high, each sensor will have a large number of possible actions at a given time. Therefore, efficient DRL approaches are required when solving the SMP for SSA. This work develops a A3C based method for DRL applied to SSA sensor tasking. One of the key benefits of DRL approaches is the ability to handle high dimensional data. For example DRL methods have been applied to image processing for the autonomous car application. For example, a 256x256 RGB image has 196608 parameters (256*256*3=196608) which is very high dimensional, and deep learning approaches routinely take images like this as inputs. Therefore, when applied to the whole catalog the DRL approach offers the ability to solve this high dimensional problem. This work has the potential to, for the first time, solve the non-myopic sensor tasking problem for the whole SO catalog (over 22,000 objects) providing a truly revolutionary result.

An Autonomous Sensor Tasking Approach for Large Scale Space Object Cataloging

In recent years there has been an increase in the number of inactive and debris objects in space. The characterization of the uncertainty in the knowledge of these Space Objects (SOs) is very important in developing an understanding of the space debris fields and any present or future threat they may pose. This work examines classification based on Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation (MMAE) to extract SO characteristics from observations while estimating the probability the observations belong to a given class of objects. Recovering these characteristics and trajectories with sufficient accuracy is shown in this paper, where the characteristics are inherent in unique SO models used in the MMAE filter bank. A number of scenarios are shown to highlight the effectiveness of the proposed classification approach. The performance of this strategy is demonstrated via simulated scenarios.

Space object classification and characterization via Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation

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