This book opens a fresh chapter in the debate on local enterprise clusters and their strategies for upgrading in the global economy. The authors employ a novel conceptual framework in their research on industrial clusters in Europe, Latin America and Asia and provide new perspectives and insights for researchers and policymakers alike.

Governance in global value chains

This handbook looks to provide academics and students with a comprehensive and holistic understanding of the phenomenon of innovation. Innovation spans a number of fields within the social sciences and humanities: Management, Economics, Geography, Sociology, Politics, Psychology, and History. Consequently, the rapidly increasing body of literature on innovation is characterized by a multitude of perspectives based on, or cutting across, existing disciplines and specializations. Scholars of innovation can come from such diverse starting points that much of this literature can be missed, and so constructive dialogues missed. The editors of The Oxford Handbook of Innovation have carefully selected and designed twenty-one contributions from leading academic experts within their particular field, each focusing on a specific aspect of innovation. These have been organized into four main sections, the first of which looks at the creation of innovations, with particular focus on firms and networks. Section Two provides an account of the wider systematic setting influencing innovation and the role of institutions and organizations in this context. Section Three explores some of the diversity in the working of innovation over time and across different sectors of the economy, and Section Four focuses on the consequences of innovation with respect to economic growth, international competitiveness, and employment. An introductory overview, concluding remarks, and guide to further reading for each chapter, make this handbook a key introduction and vital reference work for researchers, academics, and advanced students of innovation. Contributors to this volume - Jan Fagerberg, University of Oslo William Lazonick, INSEAD Walter W. Powell, Stanford University Keith Pavitt, SPRU Alice Lam, Brunel University Keith Smith, INTECH Charles Edquist, Linkoping David Mowery, University of California, Berkeley Mary O'Sullivan, INSEAD Ove Granstrand, Chalmers Bjorn Asheim, University of Lund Rajneesh Narula, Copenhagen Business School Antonello Zanfei, Urbino Kristine Bruland, University of Oslo Franco Malerba, University of Bocconi Nick Von Tunzelmann, SPRU Ian Miles, University of Manchester Bronwyn Hall, University of California, Berkeley Bart Verspagen , ECIS Francisco Louca, ISEG Manuel M. Godinho, ISEG Richard R. Nelson, Mario Pianta, Urbino Bengt-Ake Lundvall, Aalborg

The Oxford Handbook of Innovation

This paper offers a comprehensive comparison of the structure of banking and financial markets in the euro area. Based on this, several hypotheses about the role of banks in monetary policy transmission are developed. Many of the predictions that have been proposed for the U.S. are deemed unlikely to apply in Europe. Testing these hypotheses we find that monetary policy does alter bank loan supply, with the effects most dependent on the liquidity of individual banks. Unlike in the US, the size of a bank does generally not explain its lending reaction. We also show that the standard publicly available database, BankScope, obscures the heterogeneity across banks. Indeed, for several types of questions BankScope data suggest very different answers than more complete data that reside at national central banks.

/pdf/financial-systems-and-the-role-of-banks-in-monetary-policy-e0eclk2yeu.pdf

Financial Systems and the Role of Banks in Monetary Policy Transmission in the Euro Area

Preface Introduction Part I. Macroeconometric Evidence on the Transmission Mechanism in the Euro Area: 1. Some stylised facts on the Euro area business cycle A.-M. Agresti and B. Mojon 2. The monetary transmission mechanism in the Euro area: more evidence from VAR analysis G. Peersman and F. Smets 3. A VAR description of the effects of monetary policy in the individual countries of the Euro area B. Mojon and G. Peersman 4. Analysing monetary policy transmission mechanism at the Euro area level: using structural macroeconomic models P. McAdam and J. Morgan 5. The effects of monetary policy in the Euro area: evidence from structural macroeconomic models P. van Els, A. Locarno, J. Morgan and J.-P. Villetelle 6. Financial frictions and the monetary transmission mechanism: theory, evidence and policy implications C. Bean, J. Larsen and K. Nikolov Part II. Firm Investment and Monetary Policy: Evidence from Micro-Economic Data: 7. Firm investment and monetary policy transmission in the Euro area J. B. Chatelain, A. Generale, I. Hernando, P. Vermeulen and U. von Kalckreuth 8. Business investment and monetary transmission in Belgium P. Butzen, C. Fuss and P. Vermeulen 9. Investment and monetary transmission in Germany: a microeconometric investigation U. von Kalckreuth 10. Monetary policy and corporate investment in France J.B. Chatelain and A. Tiomo 11. Monetary policy and firms' investment in Italy E. Gaiotti and A. Generale 12. Monetary transmission: empirical evidence from Luxembourg firm-level P. Lunneman and T. Matha 13. The role of trade credit and bank lending relationships in the transmission mechanism in Austria M. Valderrama Part III. The Role of Banks in the Transmission: Evidence from Micro-Economic Data: 14. Financial systems and the role of banks in monetary policy transmission in the Euro area M. Ehrmann, L. Gambacorta, J. Martinez-Pages, P. Sevestre and A. Worms 15. The reaction of bank lending to monetary policy measures in Germany A. Worms 16. Is there a bank lending channel of monetary policy in Spain? I. Hernando and J. Martinez-Pages 17. Is there a bank lending channel in France? Evidence from bank panel data C. Loupias, F. Savignac and P. Sevestre 18. Is there a bank lending channel of monetary policy in Greece? Evidence from bank level data S. Brissimis, N. Kamberoglou and G. Simigiannis 19. The Italian banking system and a monetary policy transmission: evidence from bank level data L. Gambacorta 20. The impact of monetary policy on bank lending in the Netherlands L. De Haan 21. The cross-sectional and the time dimension of the bank lending channel: The Austrian case S. Kaufmann 22. The bank lending channel of monetary policy: identification and estimation using Portuguese micro bank data L. Farinha and C. Robalo Marques 23. Transmission of monetary policy shocks in Finland: evidence from bank level data on loans J. Topi and J. Vilmunen Part IV. Monetary Policy in the Euro Area: Summary and Discussion of the Main Findings: 24. Monetary policy transmission in the Euro area: where do we stand? I. Angeloni, A. Kashyap, B. Mojon and D. Terlizzese 25. Discussion B. Bernanke, X Freixas, V. Gaspar and J. von Hagen Appendix: 26. Economic and financial structure in the euro area A-M. Agresti and J. Claessens References.

Monetary policy transmission in the Euro area : a study by the Eurosystem Monetary Transmission Network

Replication data for: Why Are There Still So Many Jobs? The History and Future of Workplace Automation

Are worker flows in France and the US so different? Revisiting French empirical evidence

The relative age effect (rae) refers to the performance-related advantage of being born early in a cohort In education economics, the rae shows that children born early in the year obtain better results than their peers This is also true in sports education in which children are grouped by age during their training period The main explanation of rae is the cutoff dates in youth sport Because the cut-off date never changes, it is particularly difficult in education economics to identify the causal effect of the cut-off date on rae On the other hand, sports and in particular soccer provides cases where the cut-off date in youth school changed : The French Football Association changed the cut-off date from during the 1995-1996 season We show (1) the rae is caused by a change in the cut-off date ; (2) the rae still exists for older players (3) football players born in the fourth quarter have a physical superiority measured by the body mass index (bmi)
 Codes JEL : L83 ; C90

The Relative Age Effect

La mobilité professionnelle

This paper deals with the impact of social contributions and tax cuts (which are considered as operating subsidies) on new firms' probability of survival and economic performance. We use a rich matched database of French firms that were newly created in 1998 and that include entrepreneurs' individual characteristics and firm economic and financial variables. We implement propensity score matching models and show that (i) subsidized firms are more likely to survive after the first two years; (ii) bank loans increase the probability of survival, be they subsidized or not; and (iii) operating subsidies allow firms to increase their turnover. However, no significant effects of these subsidies on other performance criteria are found.

Do Public Subsidies Have an Impact on New Firm Survival? An Empirical Study with French Data

Les relations interentreprises se sont profondement transformees depuis les annees 1980, avec le developpement de la sous-traitance, la diffusion de nouveaux dispositifs organisationnels ou encore l'informatisation croissante des entreprises. L'objectif de l'article est de relier ces divers changements dans les relations interentreprises de maniere empirique en mobilisant l'enquete COI-TIC de 2006. Il s'agit d'etudier si les entreprises qui sont impliquees dans une relation de sous-traitance sont aussi celles qui ont davantage d'engagements a respecter pour leurs entreprises clientes ou qui en exigent davantage de leurs fournisseurs, que ce soit en matiere de delais limites, de normes de qualite ou d'informatisation de leur relation. Nous differencions les entreprises selon leur position dans la relation de sous-traitance afin d'etudier les specificites des entreprises qui se situent au centre du processus de sous-traitance par rapport a celles qui sont en aval ou en amont. Nous differencions egalement les entreprises selon leur dependance a leurs clients ou a leurs fournisseurs. Les resultats indiquent que la sous-traitance va de pair avec davantage d'engagements en matiere de delais a respecter et de normes de qualite a adopter et que la position de l'entreprise et sa dependance a peu de clients ou de fournisseurs conduisent a des strategies differentes des entreprises.

La nature des liens interentreprises dans les relations de sous-traitance

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