Discovery of anti-viral molecules and their vital functions in Bombyx mori.

Programmed cell death, also called apoptosis, plays a key role in all organisms and ensures that embryonic development proceeds correctly, where unwanted tissues are removed or remodeled. For example, during mammalian embryo development, the digits are connected by webbing, but at the appropriate time, the webbing is removed via apoptosis revealing the individual fingers. Apoptosis also plays a critical role during viral infection, since cells infected by a virus may commit suicide rather than allowing the virus to spread to neighboring cells. Other classical examples of the important role of apoptosis involve the elimination of auto reactive and neoplastic cells (Haunstetter and Izumo 1998). While apoptosis has been extensively studied with respect to human health, it is also clear that apoptosis plays a key role in the development of less complex organisms such as nematodes and insects. With respect to insects, the manipulation of apoptosis could be useful in pest control. For instance, tissue homeostasis, organ size, and tissue re-modeling are controlled by apoptosis to ensure the development of a healthy adult. If apoptosis is blocked, the insect will not develop correctly, offering an opportunity to control pest infestation. In addition, apoptosis triggered by virus infections could also be targeted. In this aspect, baculoviruses are of particular interest since they primarily infect insects, and their interference with apoptosis has been well documented. Baculoviruses offer an opportunity to develop environmentally benign insecticides. Some have also been genetically modified with the expression of toxins and hormones and have shown to be potentially effective

Inhibition of Programmed Cell Death by Baculoviruses: Potential in Pest-Management Strategies

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Inhibition of Programmed Cell Death by Baculoviruses: Potential in Pest-Management Strategies