Utility Analysis and the Consumption Function: An Interpretation of Cross-Section Data

Gender and corruption: The neglected role of culture

This paper empirically analyzes the relationship between political leaders' socioeconomic backgrounds and public budget deficits utilizing panel data on 21 OECD countries from 1980 to 2008. Building on sociological, as well as economic research, we argue that the socioeconomic status of political decision-makers, i.e., presidents or prime ministers, is an important determinant of fiscal budget decisions. Our theory-consistent findings show that the tenures of lower-class leaders – i.e., leaders of low socioeconomic status – are associated with a deficit-to-GDP ratio which is 1.6 percentage points higher than that during tenures of upper-class leaders.

/pdf/political-leaders-socioeconomic-background-and-public-budget-4ye4spm9xe.pdf

Political Leaders' Socioeconomic Background and Public Budget Deficits: Evidence from OECD Countries

The Road to Psychopathology: Neoliberalism and the Human Mind

To choose a set of definitions on corruption and summarize the quantitative measures of corruption, this article gives some comments on a wealth of global indicators of corruption. Based on the academic research, the factors of corruption could be mapped in three levels: macro, meso and micro. In the past, most literatures pay attention to the macro factors to study the relationship between corruption, development, culture and politics. In the meso-level, internal system construction is the most important factors on corruption. More and more scholars tend to use the real raw data rather than the perception of data to study the corruption of a certain country or region. Micro factors research on corruption will become increasingly popular in the future.

/pdf/a-literature-review-on-the-definition-of-corruption-and-3ev8qy69ea.pdf

A Literature Review on the Definition of Corruption and Factors Affecting the Risk of Corruption

Summary

The present article analyzes the differences between economists and non-economists with respect to observed corruption behavior used as a proxy for selfishness. For this purpose, I analyzed real world data of relating to the 109th–111th US Congress between 2005 and 2009, including 695 representatives and senators. I show that those who hold a degree in economics are significantly more prone to corruption than ‘non-economists’. These findings hence support the widespread, but controversial hypothesis in the ‘economist vs. non-economist literature’ that economists lack what Frey and Meier (2004) call ‘social behavior’. Moreover, by using real world data, these findings overcome the lack of external validity, which impact on the (low cost) experiments and surveys to date.

Does Economics Make Politicians Corrupt? Empirical Evidence from the United States Congress

Dieser Beitrag wirft einen kritischen Blick auf die Frage, ob okonomische Bildung zum besseren Verstandnis, erhohtem Interesse und letztlich gesteigerter Aktivitat im Hinblick auf eigenverantwortliche private Vorsorge in Deutschland fuhrt. Zu diesem Zweck wurde unter 600 Studierenden der Fachbereiche Wirtschafts-, Sprach- und Rechtswissenschaften der Universitat Munster eine Umfrage mit angeschlossenem Financial Literacy-Test durchgefuhrt. Insbesondere der Financial Literacy-Test offenbart sowohl Selektions- als auch Indoktrinations- bzw. Lerneffekte okonomischer Bildung. Ein hoherer Bildungsgrad in Finanzfragen erweist sich ferner als wichtiger Treiber einer positiven Einstellung gegenuber privater Altersvorsorge. Im Hinblick auf die Einstellung und Affinitat gegenuber der privaten Altersvorsorge bestehen jedoch nur noch schwache Unterschiede zwischen Okonomen und Nicht-Okonomen (Selektionseffekt), sowie zwischen Okonomen verschiedener Ausbildungsstufen (Indoktrinationseffekt). Vor dem Hintergrund der zunehmenden Bedeutung privater Vorsorge lasst sich demnach die Handlungsempfehlung aussprechen, explizit die Altersvorsorge als Bestandteil der okonomischen Bildung – etwa in Schulen – zu etablieren.

Ökonomische Bildung als Treiber privater Vorsorge

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Does Economics Make Politicians Corrupt? Empirical Evidence from the United States Congress

Ökonomische Bildung als Treiber privater Vorsorge