Aims To determine the effects of digoxin on all-cause mortality and heart failure (HF) hospitalizations, regardless of ejection fraction, accounting for serum digoxin concentration (SDC).

Methods and results This comprehensive post-hoc analysis of the randomized controlled Digitalis Investigation Group trial ( n =7788) focuses on 5548 patients: 1687 with SDC, drawn randomly at 1 month, and 3861 placebo patients, alive at 1 month. Overall, 33% died and 31% had HF hospitalizations during a 40-month median follow-up. Compared with placebo, SDC 0.5–0.9 ng/mL was associated with lower mortality [29 vs. 33% placebo; adjusted hazard ratio (AHR), 0.77; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.67–0.89], all-cause hospitalizations (64 vs. 67% placebo; AHR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78–0.92) and HF hospitalizations (23 vs. 33% placebo; AHR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.54–0.72). SDC≥1.0 ng/mL was associated with lower HF hospitalizations (29 vs. 33% placebo; AHR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.59–0.79), without any effect on mortality. SDC 0.5–0.9 reduced mortality in a wide spectrum of HF patients and had no interaction with ejection fraction >45% ( P =0.834) or sex ( P =0.917).

Conclusions Digoxin at SDC 0.5–0.9 ng/mL reduces mortality and hospitalizations in all HF patients, including those with preserved systolic function. At higher SDC, digoxin reduces HF hospitalization but has no effect on mortality or all-cause hospitalizations.

Digoxin and Reduction in Mortality and Hospitalization in Heart Failure: A Comprehensive Post-Hoc Analysis of the DIG Trial

In this study, we used an extended twin family design to investigate the influences of genetic and cultural transmission as well as different sources of nonrandom mating on 2 core aspects of political orientation: acceptance of inequality and rejecting system change. In addition, we studied the sources of phenotypic links between Big Five personality traits and political beliefs using self- and other reports. Data of 1,992 individuals (224 monozygotic and 166 dizygotic twin pairs, 92 unmatched twins, 530 spouses of twins, 268 fathers, and 322 mothers) were analyzed. Genetically informative analyses showed that political attitudes are genetically but not environmentally transmitted from parents to offspring and that a substantial proportion of this genetic variance can be accounted for by genetic variance in personality traits. Beyond genetic effects and genotypic assortative mating, generation-specific environmental sources act to increase twins' and spouses' resemblance in political beliefs. The results suggest multiple sources of political orientations in a modern democracy.

https://psycnet.apa.org/journals/psp/102/3/633.pdf

Left or right? Sources of political orientation: the roles of genetic factors, cultural transmission, assortative mating, and personality

Potassium is an important determinant of myocardial function and low serum potassium may cause arrhythmias and sudden death.1–5 Diuretics are commonly used in HF and hypokalemia is an important complication of diuretic therapy.3, 6 Diuretic-associated increased mortality and morbidity may in part be attributed to low potassium.7 The effects of low potassium on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are well known from studies in human hypertension and in animal models.1, 2, 8–11 However, the effects of low serum potassium on long-term outcomes in HF have not been well studied. The objective of this study was to determine the long-term effects of low serum potassium on mortality and hospitalization in a cohort of propensity score matched chronic systolic and diastolic HF patients.

/pdf/a-propensity-matched-study-of-the-association-of-low-serum-3hdpcji89c.pdf

A propensity-matched study of the association of low serum potassium levels and mortality in chronic heart failure.

The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in sediments, water, and different plant organs of six aquatic vascular plant species, Ceratophyllum demersum L. Echinochloa pyramidalis (Lam.) Hitchc. & Chase; Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laub; Myriophyllum spicatum L.; Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud; and Typha domingensis (Pers.) Poir. ex Steud, growing naturally in the Nile system (Sohag Governorate), were investigated. The aim was to define which species and which plant organs exhibit the greatest accumulation and evaluate whether these species could be usefully employed in biomonitoring and phytoremediation programs. The recorded metals in water samples were above the standard levels of both US Environmental Protection Agency and Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency except for Pb. The concentrations of heavy metals in water, sediments, and plants possess the same trend: Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd which reflects the biomonitoring potentialities of the investigated plant species. Generally, the variation of heavy element concentrations in water and sediments in relation to site and season, as assessed by two-way repeated measured ANOVA, was significant (p E. crassipes > M. spicatum > E. pyramidalis > T. domingensis > P. australis. On the basis of the element concentrations, roots of all the studied species contain higher concentrations of Cu and Zn than shoots while leaves usually acquire the highest concentrations of Pb. Cd concentrations among different plant organs are comparable except in M. spicatum where the highest Cd concentrations were recorded in the leaves. Our results also demonstrated that all the studied species can accumulate more than 1,450-fold the concentration of the investigated heavy elements in water rendering them of interest for use in phytoremediation studies of polluted waters. Given the absence of systematic water quality monitoring, heavy elements in plants, rather than sediments, provide a cost-effective means for assessing heavy element accumulation in aquatic systems during plant organ lifespan.

Heavy metal biomonitoring and phytoremediation potentialities of aquatic macrophytes in River Nile.

Research and industry increasingly make use of large amounts of data to guide decision-making. To do this, however, data needs to be analyzed in typically nontrivial refinement processes, which require technical expertise about methods and algorithms, experience with how a precise analysis should proceed, and knowledge about an exploding number of analytic approaches. To alleviate these problems, a plethora of different systems have been proposed that “intelligently” help users to analyze their data.This article provides a first survey to almost 30 years of research on intelligent discovery assistants (IDAs). It explicates the types of help IDAs can provide to users and the kinds of (background) knowledge they leverage to provide this help. Furthermore, it provides an overview of the systems developed over the past years, identifies their most important features, and sketches an ideal future IDA as well as the challenges on the road ahead.

/pdf/a-survey-of-intelligent-assistants-for-data-analysis-4a71y8cm7q.pdf

A survey of intelligent assistants for data analysis

Data Analytics Tool Comparison: Excel, SPSS and SAS tools we discuss, SAS is more programming-oriented while Excel and SPSS are based on interactive. To start the download or read Spss Programming And Data Management: A Guide for Spss And Sas Users you must register. Start your FREE month! SPSS Programming and Data Management, 3rd Edition A Guide for SPSS and SAS® Users Raynald Levesque and SPSS Inc. Read Online Download.

SPSS Programming And Data Management: A Guide For SPSS And SAS Users

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SPSS Programming And Data Management: A Guide For SPSS And SAS Users