Context: Professional horse racing is considered a high-risk sport, yet the last analysis of fall and injury incidence in this sport in Ireland was completed between 1999 and 2006. Objective:  To provide an updated analysis of the fall and injury incidence in professional flat and jump horse racing in Ireland from 2011 through 2015, compare it with the previous analysis, and detail the specific types and locations of injuries. Design:  Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting:  A medical doctor recorded all injuries that occurred at every official flat and jump race meeting for the 2011 through 2015 seasons using standardized injury-report forms. Main Outcome Measure(s):  Injury and fall rates and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported for flat and jump racing. Incidence rate ratios and 95% CIs were calculated between flat and jump racing, between the 1999–2006 analysis and the current results, and between 2011 and 2015. The distribution of injuries for type and location of injury was reported...

/pdf/epidemiology-of-injury-due-to-race-day-jockey-falls-in-30nckdehoc.pdf

Epidemiology of Injury Due to Race-Day Jockey Falls in Professional Flat and Jump Horse Racing in Ireland, 2011–2015

Performance in motorcycle road racing is typically considered as the summation of interactions between rider, motorcycle, tires, and environment. Despite the substantial investments made towards the development of motorcycle technology and the business interests of manufacturers, published research focusing on the riders is relatively sparse, and a bike-centered mentality tends to dominate the sport. This manuscript reviews the known human performance aspects of motorcycle road racing and suggests directions for future research. In this sport, riders are exposed to a complex interaction of physiological, mechanical, and psychological stresses, alongside the ever-present potential for injury from crashes or localized muscular overload (i.e., chronic exertional forearm compartmental syndrome). The reviewed literature shows that riders involved in competitive road racing should develop proper levels of body composition, cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength, specific flexibility, and heat tolerance in addition to their all-important technical riding skills. Furthermore, specific resistance to inertial stresses, visual acuity, mental and physical resilience, psychological strategies, and behavioral awareness all appear to be meaningful contributors to successful performance. Further work is needed to profile riders according to their level to create evidence-based methodologies that improve performance. Additionally, future research should aim to improve safety for these athletes and deepen the understanding about the magnitude of metabolic, mental, technical, biomechanical, and muscular demands in relation to anthropometric characteristics, sex, categories of competition, and success rate.

Human Performance in Motorcycle Road Racing: A Review of the Literature.

High-speed helmeted head impacts in motorcycling: A computational study.

‘WARNING: motor sport can be dangerous’. The spectrum of head injuries in motor sport has shifted dramatically in recent decades, fuelled by advances in medicine and engineering. Despite these successes, there are growing public and professional concerns regarding concussion in motor sport. This review appraises the published literature concerning concussion in motor sport, with particular focus on the current medical and technical challenges in the field. The incidence and assessment of concussion in motor sport is discussed, in addition to modifiable risk factors within and outside the automobile environment. Lastly, areas for further research and development are outlined.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2059700217733916

Concussion in motor sport: A medical literature review and engineering perspective:

ND Deakin receives expenses in exchange for performing baseline and post-concussion neurocognitive testing for the British Touring Car Championship and its associated racing series. PJ Hutchinson is supported by a NIHR Research Professorship and the BRC Cambridge NIHR. PJ is also Chief Medical Officer for the FIA Formula 1 British Grand Prix at Silverstone. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

Concussion in motorsport: incidence, awareness and future directions.

Epidemiology of injuries in the 2014 MotoGP World Championship: The “Clinica Mobile” experience

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Epidemiology of injuries in the 2014 MotoGP World Championship: The “Clinica Mobile” experience