The unavailability of non-poisonous and hygienic food substances is the most challenging issue of the modern era. The uncontrolled usage of toxic colorant moieties in cosmetics and food manufacturing units leads to major threats to human life. The selection of environmentally benign approaches for the removal of these toxic dyes has gained the utmost attention from researchers in recent decades. This review article’s main aim is the focus on the application of green-synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) for the photocatalytic degradation of toxic food dyes. The use of synthetic dyes in the food industry is a growing concern due to their harmful effects on human health and the environment. In recent years, photocatalytic degradation has emerged as an effective and eco-friendly method for the removal of these dyes from wastewater. This review discusses the various types of green-synthesized NPs that have been used for photocatalytic degradation (without the production of any secondary pollutant), including metal and metal oxide NPs. It also highlights the synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and photocatalytic efficiency of these NPs. Furthermore, the review explores the mechanisms involved in the photocatalytic degradation of toxic food dyes using green-synthesized NPs. Different factors that responsible for the photodegradation, are also highlighted. Advantages and disadvantages, as well as economic cost, are also discussed briefly. This review will be advantageous for the readers because it covers all aspects of dyes photodegradation. The future feature and limitations are also part of this review article. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the potential of green-synthesized NPs as a promising alternative for the removal of toxic food dyes from wastewater.

/pdf/photocatalytic-degradation-of-food-and-juices-dyes-via-b80eiqhj.pdf

Photocatalytic Degradation of Food and Juices Dyes via Photocatalytic Nanomaterials Synthesized through Green Synthetic Route: A Systematic Review

Revolutionizing photocatalysis: Unveiling efficient alternatives to titanium (IV) oxide and zinc oxide for comprehensive environmental remediation

The issue of safe and hygienic food is of great concern in today's society. Food additives, specifically cosmetic colors, have gained popularity. The widespread use of harmful colorants in cosmetics and food poses a threat to human health and safety. Dye is frequently present in untreated waste water, leading to contamination and disruption of aquatic ecosystems. The blame for this problem lies with the growing global population and increased consumption of beverages and processed foods. In recent years, researchers have concentrated their efforts on finding environmentally friendly methods to eliminate these hazardous dyes. Biological techniques have emerged as a popular solution due to their versatility, as they can aid in the detoxification of byproducts resulting from the breakdown of azo dyes. Additionally, nanoparticles offer a combination of biodegradation and cost-effective production. This review paper focuses on green approaches for decomposing dangerous food dyes, as well as their breakdown methods. 

Degradation of food dyes via biological methods: A state-of-the-art review

One step glow-discharge electrolysis-based preparation of Al doped Ni-Co layered double hydroxide/ graphene oxide as supercapacitor electrode material

Developing an improved synthesis method that controls the morphology and crystal phase remains a substantial challenge. Herein, we report phase and morphology-controlled hydrothermal synthesis of tungsten oxides by varying acid concentration and utilizing glutathione (GSH) as a structural directing agent, together with the exploration of their applications in supercapacitors, photoconductivity, and photocatalysis. Orthorhombic hydrated tungsten oxide (WO3·0.33H2O) with nonuniform block and plate-like morphology was obtained at 3 M hydrochloric acid (HCl). In contrast, nonhydrated monoclinic tungsten oxide (WO3) with smaller rectangular blocks was obtained at 6 M HCl. Further, the addition of GSH results in an increase in the surface area of the materials along with a narrowing of the band gap. Moreover, it plays a pivotal role in regulating the morphology through oriented attachments, Ostwald ripening, and the self-assembly of WO3 nuclei. GHTO and GTO polymorphs showed pseudocapacitive behavior with the highest specific capacitances of 450 and 300 F g–1 at 0.5 A g–1, maintaining 94 and 92% retention stability, respectively, over 1000 cycles at 2 A g–1. Also, the synthesized materials displayed favorable photoconductivity under light irradiation, implying potential utilization in photovoltaic applications. Moreover, these materials exhibited remarkable photocatalytic performance in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye, establishing themselves as highly effective photocatalysts. Therefore, nanostructured tungsten oxide showcases its versatility, rendering it an appealing candidate for energy storage, photovoltaic systems, and photocatalysis. 

Glutathione-Mediated Synthesis of WO3 Nanostructures with Controllable Morphology/Phase for Energy Storage, Photoconductivity, and Photocatalytic Applications

The WO3 nanostructures were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal route in the presence of C14TAB and gemini-based twin-tail surfactant. The impact of using these special shape and size directing agents for the synthesis of nanostructures was observed in the form of different shapes and sizes. The WO3 web of chains type nanostructure was obtained using C14TAB in comparison to the cube-shaped nanoparticles through twin-tail surfactant. On contrary, the twin-tail surfactant provides sustainable and controlled growth of cube shape nanoparticles of size ~ 15 nm nearly half of the size ~ 35 nm obtained using conventional surfactant C14TAB, respectively. For the detailed structural features, the Williamson-Hall analysis method was implemented to find out the crystalline size and lattice strain of the prepared nanostructures. Owing to the strong quantum confinement effect, the WO3 cube-shaped nanoparticles with an optical band gap of 2.69 eV of the prepared nanoparticles showed excellent photocatalytic efficacy toward organic pollutant (fast green FCF) compared to the web of chain nanostructures with an optical band gap of 2.66 eV. The ability of the prepared systems to decompose the organic pollutant (fast green FCF) in water was tested under visible light irradiations. The percentage degradation was found to be 94% and 86% for WO3 cube-shaped nanoparticles and WO3 web of chains, respectively. The simplicity of the fabrication method and the high photocatalytic performance of the systems can be promising in environmental applications to treat water pollution. 

/pdf/tungsten-oxide-nanostructures-peculiarity-and-photocatalytic-hx19e87y.pdf

Tungsten oxide nanostructures peculiarity and photocatalytic activity for the efficient elimination of the organic pollutant

Improvement in the specific capacity of battery type electrode material is vital for creating hybrid devices with superior electrochemical performance. To accomplish this, mixed metal hydroxides, Ni0.7Co0.2Mn0.1(OH)2, are synthesized via a simple co-precipitation method by rapid pH switching using chloride, nitrate, acetate and sulphate salts of Ni, Co and Mn. P-XRD analysis confirmed the formation of pure and highly crystalline materials stabilized in the α-Ni(OH)2 structure. Finely divided particle type microstructure with sub 100 nm size and homogenous distribution of elements are confirmed by FESEM and EDX analysis, respectively. Among the studied samples, the layered hydroxide synthesized using chloride salts (Ni0.7Co0.2Mn0.1 LDH-Cl) shows the highest specific surface area of 58.8 m2 g−1 and pore volume of 0.083 cc g−1. The compound exhibited a high specific capacity of 978 C g−1 at 1 A g−1. The observed capacity is much higher than all other double hydroxides studied here and those we have come across in the literature reports on similar metal hydroxides. The diffusion dominance (b = 0.55) and quantitative separation of diffusion and capacitive capacity at different scan rates for Ni0.7Co0.2Mn0.1 LDH-Cl is also studied by CV analysis. Nyquist plot equivalent circuit fitting shows low charge transfer resistance (Rct = 17.6 Ω) and Warburg impedance (Zw = 35 Ω) for Ni0.7Co0.2Mn0.1 LDH-Cl. The high-capacity retention of 90 % for 5000 CV cycles at 100 mV sec−1 and 99 % for 1000 GCD cycles at 5 A g−1 for Ni0.7Co0.2Mn0.1 LDH-Cl confirm its potential for use as a battery type electrode material for practical applications. 

Different metal precursor based rapid synthesis of α-Ni(OH)2-type Ni-Co-Mn layered double hydroxides and its use as electrodes for high performance energy storage devices

Role of deposition parameters on optoelectronic properties of ITO films and its application in MoO3−x/c-Si(n) heterojunction solar cells

Temperature-dependent vacuum ultraviolet photoluminescence spectroscopy of transition metal and rare earth co-doped ZnO phosphors: a synchrotron-based investigation

Temperature-dependent characteristics of ZnO phosphors from synchrotron-based vacuum ultraviolet photoluminescence spectroscopy

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