Human adult odontometrics

Background: Sexual identification of immature skeletal remains is still a difficult problem to solve in forensic anthropology. In such situations, the odontometric features of the teeth can be of immense help. Teeth, being the hardest and chemically the most stable tissue in the body, are an excellent material in living and nonliving populations for anthropological, genetic, odontologic, and forensic investigations. Using tooth size standards, whenever it is possible to predict the sex, identification is made easier because then only missing persons of one sex need to be considered. Aim: To determine sex from the odontometric data using maxillary canine index and maxillary first molar dimensions and to determine which index gives higher accuracy rate for sex determination using only maxillary cast. Materials and Methods: In a sample size of 200 population (100 male and 100 female), alginate impression was taken of maxillary arch and poured with dental stone. Using Vernier caliper, the dimension of maxillary first molar (buccolingual [BL] and mesiodistal [MD]), canine (MD), and intercanine distance was measured on the cast. The obtained data were analyzed using discriminant statistical analysis. Result and Conclusion: This study concludes that BL dimension of maxillary first molar is a more reliable indicator for gender determination than other molar and canine dimensions in maxilla.

Comparative assessment of maxillary canine index and maxillary first molar dimensions for sex determination in forensic odontology.

Objective: The objective of this study is to validate a simple, precise, and accurate isocratic reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for estimation of nicoumalone in bulk and tablet dosage form. Method & Results: The quantification is carried out by using C18 column (inertsilR ODS-3V column, 250¥4.6 mm, 5 μm). A mixture of Acetonitrile: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer 10 mM, pH 6 adjusted using 0.1 N KOH in 50:50 v/v ratio used as mobile phase. The flow rate was set at 1 ml/min and the Separation performed at ambient temperature. UV detector set at 283 nm. The retention time of nicoumalone found to be 4-5 minutes. Method Validation: Validation of proposed method is done as per International Conference of Harmonization guidelines (ICH). The analytical parameters are statistically validated for linearity and range, precision, limit of detection, limit of Quantitation, accuracy, and robustness. Conclusion: The proposed method is useful for best analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms.

pdf/a-novel-rp-hplc-method-development-and-validation-for-38ml89x3x3.pdf

A Novel RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation for Estimation of Nicoumalone in Bulk drug and Formulation

Maxillary canine Teeth are the most useful objects in the field of forensic investigation. Teeth, specially the canines, are the chemically most stable and hardest tissues of the human body. Intercanine distance of maxillary teeth can provide identification of individual when mass disasters, trauma or fire has rendered the face unrecognisable. The present study establishes the impact of the canines in medicolegal identification. Material and Method: 145 subjects, 92 males and 53 females in the age group of 18 –24 years were selected for this study. The study was conducted on the students of Gajra raja medical college Gwalior. All measurements were taken using a digital vernier caliper. Results: The mean value of inter maxillary canine was greater in males as compared to females. Intercanine distance was higher in males compared to females. The percentage of estimating the sex accurately is 79%.

https://www.allresearchjournal.com/archives/2016/vol2issue11/PartD/2-11-6-544.pdf

Determination of gender by intercanine distance of maxilla

Acenocoumarol is an oral anticoagulant medicinal agent is frequently prescribed for the prophylaxis and the management of thromboembolic events. Acenocoumarol is prescribed in the form of racemic m...

A Brief Review on Determination of Acenocoumarol in Biological and Pharmaceutical Specimens: Analytical Methodologies.

Aim: To investigate whether sexual dimorphism can be established by odontometric study of permanent
maxillary canine teeth as well as inter-canine width in north Indian population.
Study design: The study was carried out at department of oral and maxillofacial pathology, King George’s
Medical University, Lucknow, India on students and patients reporting at OPD. Out of total 180 subjects examined 90 subjects were female and 90 were male. Impressions of the upper arch were made using alginate and casts poured in dental stone. The mesiodistal diameter of the crown of permanent maxillary canine both on right and left sides and inter-canine width were measured. From these measurements, maxillary canine index was calculated. The percentage of sexual dimorphism was assessed for all the parameters.
Results: In the present study, the mesiodistal diameter of maxillary canine for both right (p=0.001) and left side (p=0.005) was significantly higher among male subjects than females, Similar observation was found for inter-canine width too (p=0.0001). However, the maxillary canine index for right and left was almost similar (p>0.05) for both male and female subjects. 
The sexual dimorphism in right and left mesiodistal diameters of maxillary canine was 4.2% and 3.6%
respectively. For, inter-canine width it was maximum i.e. 13.7%. However, sexual dimorphism in right and left canine index showed negative values i.e. -2.1% and -0.9% respectively.
Conclusion: There was sexual dimorphism in mesiodistal diameter and inter-canine width of permanent
maxillary canine teeth. Sexual dimorphism was more on right permanent maxillary canine teeth than left permanent maxillary canine.

/pdf/establishment-of-sexual-dimorphism-in-north-indian-1vitpt67lr.pdf

Establishment of sexual dimorphism in North Indian population by odontometric study of permanent maxillary canine

Four simple, sensitive, accurate and precise visible spectrophotometric methods (A, B, C and D) have been developed for the quantitative estimation of acenocoumarol in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulations (tablets). Method A is based on the reaction of reduced acenocoumarol with aromatic aldehyde, paradimethylamino cinnamaldehyde (PDACA) producing colored Schiff’s ba ses at the 7 max 527.5 nm and. Method B is based on the reaction of reduced acenocoumarol with aromatic aldehyde, paradimethylaminobenzaldehyde (PDAB) in acidic condition producing colored Schiff’s bases having 7 max at 441.5 nm. Method C is based on the oxi dation followed by coupling reaction of reduced acenocoumarol with 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone (MBTH) in presence of ceric ammonium sulphate to form green colored chromogens at 7 max 585.0 nm. Method D is based on the reaction of reduced acenocoumarol with Folin’s (1, 2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate) reagent to form brown colored chromogen with 7 max at 480.0 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range of 2-10 >g/mL for Method A, 5-25 >g/mL for method B, 20-100 >g/mL for Method C and 2-12 > g/mL for Method D. The reduction of acenocoumarol is carried out with zinc dust and hydrochloric acid at room temperature in methanol. The results obtained with proposed methods are in good agreement with labeled amounts when marketed pharmaceutical formul ations are analyzed. The results of analysis have been validated statistically and by recovery studies

Spectrophotometric Methods for Estimation of Acenocoumarol in Bulk and its Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

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Establishment of sexual dimorphism in North Indian population by odontometric study of permanent maxillary canine

Spectrophotometric Methods for Estimation of Acenocoumarol in Bulk and its Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms