United Plates of America, The Birth of a Craton: Early Proterozoic Assembly and Growth of Laurentia

Between carbonatite and lamproite—Diamondiferous Torngat ultramafic lamprophyres formed by carbonate-fluxed melting of cratonic MARID-type metasomes

The Nagssugtoqidian Orogen of West Greenland represents a belt of Palaeoproterozoic deformation and metamorphism between the North Atlantic Craton of South Greenland and a northern, lesser known co...

The Nagssugtoqidian Orogen of West Greenland: tectonic evolution and regional correlations from a West Greenland perspective

The east-northeast-trending Paleoproterozoic Nagssugtoqidian Orogen of West Greenland records the response of deep crust to collision of the North Atlantic craton and a lesser known cratonic mass to the north. This paper presents conventional UPb ages of documented magmatic and thermotectonic events within this orogen, thus providing a precise time frame for its development and offering a test of previous spatial and temporal correlations with segments of the Trans-Hudson Orogen of northern Labrador and Quebec. Convergence of the two cratons culminated in a collision that commenced after 1873+74 Ma, the crystallization age of the youngest known pre-Nagssugtoqidian, subduction-related intrusion. Earliest collisional deformation was thrust dominated (west-northwest vergent) and caused thickening and consequent heating to peak temperatures by ca. 1850 Ma. Subsequent north-south shortening at elevated temperatures was accommodated by a fold-dominated style of deformation dated at 1825 ± 1 Ma. Between 1821 a...

Temporal evolution of a deeply eroded orogen: the Nagssugtoqidian Orogen, West Greenland

The Paleoproterozoic southeastern Churchill Province (SECP) is located in the northeastern Canadian Shield of Labrador and Quebec. The SECP formed through the oblique collisions of the Archean Nain and Superior cratons with a third intervening Archean block, the core zone. The belt has a tripartite structure, comprising the Torngat Orogen (TO) formed by Nain craton – core zone collision in the east, the core zone in the centre, and the New Quebec Orogen (NQO) formed by Superior craton – core zone collision in the west. The SECP thus records transpressional development on the flanks of the Superior and Nain cratons as they indented northwards to form the larger Trans-Hudson – Nagssugtoqidian orogenic belt to the north. Principal stages of tectonic development were (1) 2.2–2.1 Ga crustal rifting of Nain and Superior cratons; (2) ca. 1.9 Ga subduction under eastern Nain craton; (3) ca. 1.87–1.85 Ga collision of Nain craton and core zone to form the TO; (4) 1.845–1.820 Ga sinistral transpression in the TO, and subduction under the western core zone; and (5) 1.82–1.77 Ga collision of Superior craton and core zone to form the NQO, in association with dextral transpression. Crustal-scale cross sections of the SECP have been developed from reflection and refraction seismic data. The western part of the NQO is dominantly west-vergent and associated with an imbricate thick-skinned thrust stack that ramps from the base of the crust. The core zone is characterized by a 35–40 km thick crust and pervasive east-dipping fabrics related to westerly thrusting. The TO is a narrow, doubly vergent belt, associated with a 48 km thick crust that forms a crustal root with a Moho relief of 12 km. The root is interpreted to result from attempted subduction of the core zone under the Nain craton, possibly as a result of mid-crustal wedging by the Nain craton. The TO was the site of intense convergence that resulted in excision of juvenile crust, possibly including tectonic removal of the axial magmatic arc. As a result, the middle to lower levels of the SECP consist largely of refractory Archean lithosphere. This may account for the lack of widespread post-collisional plutonism in the SECP and the preservation of the TO root.

The southeastern Churchill Province: synthesis of a Paleoproterozoic transpressional orogen

Summary The contact between the Early Proterozoic Nagssugtoqidian Mobile Belt and the Archaean craton in West Greenland, and that between the Churchill Province and the Archaean (Nain) craton in Northern Labrador represent two cross-sections of an Early Proterozoic orogenic boundary. The Archaean cratons in both regions display the peripheral effects of Proterozoic orogenic events. The best indicators of Proterozoic effects on the Archaean cratons are the Late Archaean-Early Proterozoic dykes and the Early Proterozoic supracrustal rocks which unconformably overlie the gneisses and dykes. In Greenland the boundary zone evolution is characterized by Late Archaean (Nag. 1) transcurrent shearing, Early Proterozoic Kangâmiut dyke intrusion and subsequent (Nag. 2) ductile overthrusting. Ductile overthrusts are characteristic of the Nagssugtoqidian-Archaean boundary and attest to substantial shortening of the crust in this region. In Labrador the boundary region has been divided into several distinct zones. Although facets of its evolution are analogous to the boundary in Greenland there are several fundamental differences, the most important of which is that transcurrent movement appears to have been dominant over ductile overthrusting. These differences are provisionally related to contrasting tectonic settings of the two areas during Early Proterozoic continental collision, the Greenland segment being the frontal collision zone whilst the Labrador segment documents slightly oblique transcurrent motion.

The boundary between Proterozoic and Archaean crustal blocks in central West Greenland and northern Labrador

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The boundary between Proterozoic and Archaean crustal blocks in central West Greenland and northern Labrador