Increasing the thermoelectric power factor of polymer composites using a semiconducting stabilizer for carbon nanotubes

The recent advancements in phase change materials (PCM) have made them emerge as a novel class of materials to be deployed in thermal energy storage. An effective strategy to enhance the thermal conductivity of PCM is to disperse highly conductive nano additives. A comprehensive summary of the recent advances over the previous decade in synthesis routes that effectively enhances the thermal conductivity of PCM based on different dimensional nano additives is highlighted. Fundamental mechanisms for thermal conductivity rise, like phonon interaction, interfacial thermal resistance, Vander Waals forces, construction of thermally conductive pathways, were considered. Furthermore, the effect of factors like; aspect ratio, temperature, type of nano additives, and surfactant on thermophysical properties are also studied. An in-depth analysis of various solar thermal applications of Nano-enhanced PCMs (NePCM) integrated systems delivering improved performance is also done. Finally, an outline of economic impact, challenges, and future outlooks in the context of NePCMs are also presented. 

A comprehensive review on thermophysical properties and solar thermal applications of organic nano composite phase change materials

ZnO has risen as a vital material for electron transportation in a greater number of solar cells based on nanostructures because of its abundance, nontoxicity, and high electron mobility. We performed first principle calculations on structural, optical, and electronic properties of 2D zinc oxide monolayer and bilayer honeycomb structures. Our work includes study of wurtzite, zinc blende, and tetragonal bulk structures revealing dimensionality effects. Calculated electronic band gaps affirm the band gap to be direct for all structures, having range (0.561–0.761 eV) using GGA and (0.766–0.910 eV) using LDA+U for bulk structures, while for bilayer and monolayer it is 1.419 eV (GGA), 1.413 eV (LDA+U) and 1.691 eV (GGA), 1.683 eV (LDA+U) respectively. The shrunken Zn–O bond length of monolayer predicts it to be more ionic compared to bulk structures. Moreover, the optical properties like absorption, dielectric function of all honeycomb-like structures are also analyzed. To make a comparison of ionicity of all structures Hirshfeld analysis is made to investigate charge transfer. Absorption spectra are calculated to understand the optical behavior of these systems, especially in visible portion. The absorption efficiency of ZnO was investigated as it could be a promising material for the use in solar cell. For the future, we expect that ZnO would be a potential candidate for solar cell application.

Optoelectronic and solar cell applications of ZnO nanostructures

The correlation of the lattice disorder with the nanocrystal average size, in ZnO nanocrystals synthesized by several different methods, has been quantitatively monitored by line shape analysis of the multifrequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of low concentrations of substitutional Mn2+ probing ions. The observed correlation between the line broadening parameter of the spectrum and the average ZnO nanocrystals size, independent of the synthesis procedure of the ZnO nanocrystals, demonstrates the dominance of the size related strain/disorder. On the basis of this result, a new method for determining the average ZnO nanocrystal size from the quantitative analysis of the EPR spectra of the Mn2+ probes was derived. The nanocrystallization of the disordered ZnO formed by the thermal decomposition of hydrozincite was monitored using this procedure. The observed ZnO nanocrystallite growth kinetics at lower temperatures was described by a structural relaxation mechanism consisting of the local ...

Correlation of Lattice Disorder with Crystallite Size and the Growth Kinetics of Mn2+ Doped ZnO Nanocrystals Probed by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance

Diamond/metal composites are very attractive materials for electronics because their excellent thermal properties make them suitable for use as heat sink elements in multifunctional electronic packaging systems. To enlarge the potential applications of these composites, current efforts are mainly focused on investigating different ways to improve the contact between metal and diamond. In the present work, a theoretical study has been carried out to determine the differences between the interfacial thermal conductance of aluminum/diamond and aluminum/graphite interfaces. Additionally, diamond particles were surface modified with oxygen to observe how it affects the quality of the diamond surface. The characterization of the surface of diamonds has been performed using different surface analysis techniques, especially x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and temperature-programmed desorption.

Diamond Surface Modification to Enhance Interfacial Thermal Conductivity in Al/Diamond Composites

Fe/FeF 2 交換バイアス構造における強磁性分域密度の変動と分域の非対称性

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Fe/FeF 2 交換バイアス構造における強磁性分域密度の変動と分域の非対称性