Harmonic problems in renewable and sustainable energy systems: A comprehensive review

Power electronics technology is still an emerging technology, and it has found its way into many applications, from renewable energy generation (i [...]

/pdf/applications-of-power-electronics-2cchyxpl9i.pdf

Applications of Power Electronics

The present paper proposes a synergetic control (SC) with Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) technique for a three-phase three-levels neutral point clamped-voltage source inverter-based shunt active power filter (SAPF). This one is devoted to compensating for nonlinear load harmonics and reactive power to improve power quality in distribution power systems. SC strategy is known as a robust control with good performances in transient and steady-state performance. Furthermore, it does not require solving the state equations, nor knowing the poles of the system. The DC voltage, as well as the active filter currents, are controlled using SC strategies. The efficiency of the suggested strategy has been verified through simulation tests using Matlab/Simulink software, where the simulation results are analyzed for two scenarios: a diode bridge rectifier with RL load and RC load. The active power filter demonstrated outstanding performance in reducing harmonics, maintaining a dynamic response, and tracking DC voltage for both RL and RC loads, as revealed by the simulation results. By comparing the suggested control with the traditional control, we found that the former outperforms the latter in all aspects. This sheds light on the effectiveness of the suggested control. 

Synergetic control for three-level voltage source inverter-based shunt active power filter to improve power quality

The excessive use of nonlinear load causes electric current harmonics that ultimately downgrades the electrical power quality. If a failure exists due to internal integration of a power system in any one of the internal networks, it causes uncomplimentary consequences to the entire power system’s performance. This paper proposed a hybrid shunt active harmonic power filter (HSAHPF) design to reduce harmonic pollution. A digital controller HIL simulator has been modeled using a three-phase voltage source inverter to test the efficiency of HSAHPF and the performance of control algorithms. Moreover, the instantaneous active and reactive current theory (Id − Iq) and instantaneous active and reactive power theory (Pq0) control algorithms are implemented for the reference current generation in HSAHPF, resulting in reduced harmonic distortions, power factor improvement for a balanced nonlinear load. The control algorithms are further employed in Arduino MEGA to keep the factor of cost-effectiveness. The simulation of the proposed design has been developed in Simulink. The validation and testing of HSAHPF using controller HIL simulation prove the control algorithms’ ability to run in a portable embedded device. The statistical analysis of the proposed system response provides a minimum total harmonic distortion (THD) of 2.38 from 31.74 that lies in IEEE 519-1992 harmonic standards with an improved stability time of 0.04 s. The experimental verification and provided results of the HIL approach validate the proposed design. Significant mitigation of harmonics can be observed, consequently enhancing the power quality with power factor near unity.

/pdf/hardware-in-the-loop-implementation-and-performance-2fsdwd25cd.pdf

Hardware-in-the-Loop Implementation and Performance Evaluation of Three-Phase Hybrid Shunt Active Power Filter for Power Quality Improvement

Current control has, for decades, been one of the more challenging research fields in the development of power converters. Simple and robust nonlinear methods like hysteresis or sigma-delta controllers have been commonly used, while sophisticated linear controllers based on classical control theory have been developed for PWM-based converters. The one-cycle current control technique is a nonlinear technique based on cycle-by-cycle calculation of the ON time of the converter switches for the next switching period. This kind of controller requires accurate measurement of voltages and currents in order achieve a precise current tracking. These techniques have been frequently used in the control of power converters generating low-frequency currents, where the reference varies slowly compared with the switching frequency. Its application is not so common in active power filter current controllers due to the fast variation of the references that demands not only accurate measurements but also high-speed computing. This paper proposes a novel one-cycle digital current controller based on the minimization of the integral error of the current. Its application in a three-leg four-wire shunt active power filter is presented, including a stability analysis considering the switching pattern selection. Furthermore, simulated and experimental results are presented to validate the proposed controller.

https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/9/12/2008/pdf

One-Cycle Zero-Integral-Error Current Control for Shunt Active Power Filters

This paper deals with the design, simulation, and implementation of shunt hybrid compensator to maintain the power quality in three-phase distribution networks feeding different types balanced and unbalanced nonlinear loads. The configuration of the compensator consists of a selective harmonic elimination passive filter, a series-connected conventional six-pulse IGBT inverter, acting as the active filter terminated with a DC link capacitor. The theory and modelling of the compensator based on current harmonic components at the load end and their decomposition in d-q axis frame of reference are utilized in the reference current generation algorithm. Accordingly, the source current waveform is made to follow the reference current waveform using a high-frequency, carrier-based controller. Further, this inner current control loop is supported by a slower outer voltage control loop for sustaining desirable DC link voltage. Performance of the compensator is evaluated through MATLAB simulation covering different types of loads and reduction of harmonic currents and THD at the supply side along with excellent regulation of DC link voltage are confirmed. The performance of a hybrid compensator designed and fabricated using the above principles is evaluated and corroborated with the simulation results.

/pdf/design-simulation-and-hardware-implementation-of-shunt-12oauw2dni.pdf

Design, Simulation and Hardware Implementation of Shunt Hybrid Compensator Using Synchronous Rotating Reference Frame (SRRF)-Based Control Technique

In this work, a control scheme based an energy function using Lyapunov method has been formulated for a shunt hybrid power filter so as to reduce current harmonics in a power distribution system. The hybrid scheme contains a parallel connected selective harmonic elimination passive filter tuned at 5 th and 7 th harmonic frequencies is in series with a low power active filter. The developed control law is based on synchronous rotating reference frame theory, which generates a state variable model of the nonlinear system which is linked to development of a switching function based scheme for controlling the active component of the hybrid filter. The stability of the state model following disturbances at the operating point is examined by introducing an energy function for applying Lyapunov’s direct method. Here the derivative of the Lyapunov energy function is made to be negative definite by suitable choice of parameters for ensuring stability and quick response. The performance of the shunt hybrid compensation topology along with the proposed control strategy for balanced, unbalanced and various other loading conditions have been evaluated by simulation of the entire system in Matlab/Simulink platform. It is found that the designed hybrid compensator results in enhanced power quality in the distribution system, satisfying IEEE 519-1992 standards.

/pdf/simulation-and-performance-evaluation-of-shunt-hybrid-power-4tc090wgn4.pdf

Simulation and performance evaluation of shunt hybrid power compensator using a control method based on Lyapunov function for power quality improvement

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Design, Simulation and Hardware Implementation of Shunt Hybrid Compensator Using Synchronous Rotating Reference Frame (SRRF)-Based Control Technique

Simulation and performance evaluation of shunt hybrid power compensator using a control method based on Lyapunov function for power quality improvement