Conversion of 3×3 Mueller matrix to 4×4 Mueller matrix for non-depolarizing samples

Recently, we introduced the basic concepts behind a new polarimeter device based on conical refraction (CR), which presents several appealing features compared to standard polarimeters. To name some of them, CR polarimeters retrieve the polarization state of an input light beam with a snapshot measurement, allow for substantially enhancing the data redundancy without increasing the measuring time, and avoid instrumental errors owing to rotating elements or phase-to-voltage calibration typical from dynamic devices. In this article, we present a comprehensive study of the optimization, robustness and parameters tolerance of CR based polarimeters. In addition, a particular CR based polarimetric architecture is experimentally implemented, and some concerns and recommendations are provided. Finally, the implemented polarimeter is experimentally tested by measuring different states of polarization, including fully and partially polarized light.

Optimization, tolerance analysis and implementation of a Stokes polarimeter based on the conical refraction phenomenon.

Conventional generalized ellipsometry instrumentation is capable of measuring 12 out of the 16 elements of the Mueller matrix of the sample. The missing column (or row) of the experimental partial Mueller matrix can be analytically determined under additional assumptions. We identify the conditions necessary for completing the partial Mueller matrix to a full one. More specifically, such a completion is always possible if the sample is nondepolarizing; the fulfillment of additional conditions, such as the Mueller matrix exhibiting symmetries or being of a special two-component structure, are necessary if the sample is depolarizing. We report both algebraic and numerical procedures for completing the partial 12-element Mueller matrix in all tractable cases and validate them on experimental examples.

/pdf/complete-mueller-matrix-from-a-partial-polarimetry-3btd4xdgqd.pdf

Complete Mueller matrix from a partial polarimetry experiment: the 12-element case.

In our recently published article [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A33, 9 (2016)JOAOD60740-323210.1364/JOSAA.33.000009], there was an error of reasoning that changes some of the results and conclusions, although the key message of the article remains unaltered. We correct these errors in the present erratum.

Optimal configuration of static polarization imagers for target detection

The manuscript proposes a novel virtual experiment nondepolarizing estimate, as an alternative to the Cloude sum decomposition estimate, to be used in the extraction of the elementary polarization properties of a medium from its experimentally determined Mueller matrix. The estimate results from the minimization of a least squares estimator based on the light intensities virtually produced by the experimental Mueller matrix. The retrieval procedure and the properties of the estimate are described and compared to those of the Cloude estimate on an experimental Mueller matrix from the literature.

Retrieval of a nondepolarizing estimate from an experimental Mueller matrix through virtual experiment

Measurement and interpretation of Mueller matrices of barley leaves

The problem of measurement of the block-diagonal scattering matrix is addressed. It has been shown that non-zero elements of the scattering matrix with block-diagonal structure can be measured using only two polarizations of input radiation. Optimal pairs of these polarizations are derived. Utilization of the optimal input polarization results in half the measurement time and a decrease in measurement errors of approximately 30%.

Measurement of block-diagonal scattering matrix

The problem of measurement of block-diagonal scattering matrix as being part of the so-called incomplete or partial Mueller polarimetry is addressed. It has been shown that non-zero elements of the scattering matrix with block-diagonal structure can be measured using only two elliptical polarizations of input light. Optimal pairs of these polarizations are derived. Utilization of the optimal input polarizations results in halving measurement time and decreasing measurement errors by 30%.

Incomplete active polarimetry: Measurement of the block-diagonal scattering matrix

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Measurement and interpretation of Mueller matrices of barley leaves

Measurement of block-diagonal scattering matrix

Incomplete active polarimetry: Measurement of the block-diagonal scattering matrix