The researchers have worked on many facets of machining of hardened steel using different tool materials and came up with their own recommendations. Researchers have tried to investigate the effects of cutting parameters, tool materials, different coatings and tool geometry on different machinability aspects like, the tool life, surface roughness, cutting forces, chip morphology, residual stresses and the tool–chip interface temperature under dry and/or semi-dry and/or flood cooling environment during machining of hardened steels while many of them have ventured to characterize the wear phenomenon. Good amount of research has been performed on an analytical and/or numerical and/or empirical modeling of the cutting forces, tool–chip interface temperature, and tool wear under orthogonal/oblique cutting conditions during machining of hardened steels. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review on machining of hardened steels using coated tools, studies related to hard turning, different cooling methods and attempts made so far to model machining performance(s) so as to give proper attention to the various researcher works.

Machining of hardened steel—Experimental investigations, performance modeling and cooling techniques: A review

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https://www.daaam.info/Downloads/Pdfs/proceedings/proceedings_2014/016.pdf

Effect of Machining Parameters and Machining Time on Surface Roughness in Dry Turning Process

Comparative Evaluations of Surface Roughness During Hard Turning under Dry and with Water-based and Vegetable Oil-based Cutting Fluids☆

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Comparative Evaluations of Surface Roughness During Hard Turning under Dry and with Water-based and Vegetable Oil-based Cutting Fluids☆