http://laser.itp.ac.ru/publications/Zhakhovskii%20V.,%20ASS,v255,9592(2009).pdf

Molecular dynamics simulation of femtosecond ablation and spallation with different interatomic potentials

We use multimillion-atom molecular dynamics simulations to study shock wave propagation in fcc crystals As shown recently, shock waves along the direction form intersecting stacking faults by slippage along {l_brace}111{r_brace} close-packed planes at sufficiently high shock strengths We find even more interesting behavior of shocks propagating in other low-index directions: for the case, an elastic precursor separates the shock front from the slipped (plastic) region Shock waves along the direction generate a leading solitary wave train, followed (at sufficiently high shock speeds) by an elastic precursor, and then a region of complex plastic deformation (c) 2000 The American Physical Society

Orientation dependence in molecular dynamics simulations of shocked single crystals

We have directly resolved shock structures in pure aluminum in the first few hundred picoseconds subsequent to a dynamic load at peak stresses up to 43 GPa and strain rates in excess of ${10}^{10}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. For strong shocks we obtain peak stresses, strain rates, and rise times. From these data, we directly validate the invariance of the dissipative action in the strong shock regime, and by comparing with data obtained at much lower strain rates show that this invariance is observed over at least 5 orders of magnitude in the strain rate. Over the same range, we similarly validate the fourth-power scaling of the strain rate with the peak stress (the Swegle-Grady relation).

/pdf/invariance-of-the-dissipative-action-at-ultrahigh-strain-2hpjs0jxzd.pdf

Invariance of the Dissipative Action at Ultrahigh Strain Rates Above the Strong Shock Threshold

Laser ablation due to an ultrashort laser pulse on a massive aluminum target was investigated by means of a one-dimensional fluid code. Clear separation between the ablated matter and the unablated target is seen to occur through spinodal decomposition involving thermodynamic instabilities near the critical point of aluminum. The code also shows that the end of the ablation process is preceded by the ejection of droplets, which form about $15%$ of the total ejected mass.

Critical-point phase separation in laser ablation of conductors.

We present the free surface response of 2, 5, and 8 μm aluminum films to shocks generated from chirped ultrafast lasers. We find two distinct steps to the measured free surface velocity that indicate a separation of the faster elastic wave from the slower plastic wave. We resolve the separation of the two waves to times as short as 20 ps. We measured peak elastic free surface velocities as high as 1.4 km/s corresponding to elastic stresses of 12 GPa. The elastic waves rapidly decay with increasing sample thickness. The magnitude of both the elastic wave and the plastic wave and the temporal separation between them was strongly dependent on the incident laser drive energy.

/pdf/the-elastic-plastic-response-of-aluminum-films-to-ultrafast-181vwcdt9b.pdf

The elastic-plastic response of aluminum films to ultrafast laser-generated shocks

We present the first measurements of particle velocity histories at the interface between an aluminum sample shocked by a 120 fs laser-driven pressure pulse and a fused silica window. Frequency-domain interferometry is used to provide space- and time-resolved measurements of the phase shift of a pair of probe pulses backscattered at the shocked interface. Pressures of 1--3 Mbar are inferred from the simultaneous measurement of the particle and shock velocities along the aluminum Hugoniot curve for $\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{14}\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ laser irradiances.

Time- and Space-Resolved Optical Probing of Femtosecond-Laser-Driven Shock Waves in Aluminum.

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Time- and Space-Resolved Optical Probing of Femtosecond-Laser-Driven Shock Waves in Aluminum.