Remote sensing of the earth has evolved from a film based, manual interpretation technology to a digital multispectral and multisensor technology with significant machine processing for correction, information extraction, data management, and modelling. This transition is not without growing pains. Of the 1015 bits of data that are currently acquired per year in the NASA program, only about 1013 bits are utilized. Future programs involving higher resolution and wider spectral range sensors will increase the data acquisition rates by an order of magnitude. Technological problems exist today in data correction, information extraction, processing, storage, retrieval and dissemination. This paper will identify some of the data base requirements for future programs, and discuss technological approaches for improving the handling and processing of remotely sensed data. Fundamental to this approach is the concept of a global data and information base that is geographically accessible, contains data from all earth observation programs, and is easily and economically disseminated. This capability is needed, and the technology is available for its implementation.

Data Base Requirements for Remote Sensing and Image Processing Applications

IN MAP COLLECTIONS,* the past few years have seen a shifting of concentration from acquisitions matters to those of collection management. Acquisitions procedures are now fairly well fixed and results are in almost direct proportion to effort and money expended. In the past, great amounts of money and effort could not accomplish the same end; in most instances, maps were simply not available. Now, internationally, fallout from the large-scale, high-speed remote-sensing and mapmaking technological revolution is increasingly available, and concern for managing this ever-expanding information store has risen accordingly. The increased availability of products is placing particular pressure on manpower and storage resources, forcing administrators to explore alternatives to traditional management methods. The most promising of these alternatives appear to be computers and microfilms, both separately and together. Separately, microfilm offers a better than 90 percent increase in map storage efficiency, with commensurate labor savings; computerization promises absolute information control and revolutionary capabilities in information restructuring. Together, microcartography (i.e., microfilm technology applied to the field of cartography) and computer processing offer capabilities greater than a mere sum of the parts. *In the current context, map includes aerial photographs, space platform remote sensing, Polynesian stick charts, physical relief models, and an ever-expanding panoply of materials in addition to traditional “maps”; map collections are where these artifacts are classified, housed, preserved, and utilized.

https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/7156/librarytrendsv29i3d_opt.pdf?sequence=1

Microcartography and Cartographic Data Bases.

An assessment was made of the needs of a group of potential users of satellite remotely sensed data (state, regional, and local agencies) involved in natural resources management in five states, and alternative data management systems to satisfy these needs are outlined. Tasks described include: (1) a comprehensive data needs analysis of state and local users; (2) the design of remote sensing-derivable information products that serve priority state and local data needs; (3) a cost and performance analysis of alternative processing centers for producing these products; (4) an assessment of the impacts of policy, regulation and government structure on implementing large-scale use of remote sensing technology in this community of users; and (5) the elaboration of alternative institutional arrangements for operational Earth Observation Data Management Systems (EODMS). It is concluded that an operational EODMS will be of most use to state, regional, and local agencies if it provides a full range of information services -- from raw data acquisition to interpretation and dissemination of final information products.

/pdf/program-on-earth-observation-data-management-systems-eodms-167y9b9ui2.pdf

Program on Earth Observation Data Management Systems (EODMS)

The needs of state, regional, and local agencies involved in natural resources management in Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, and Wisconsin are investigated to determine the design of satellite remotely sensed derivable information products. It is concluded that an operational Earth Observation Data Management System (EODMS) will be most beneficial if it provides a full range of services - from raw data acquisition to interpretation and dissemination of final information products. Included is a cost and performance analysis of alternative processing centers, and an assessment of the impacts of policy, regulation, and government structure on implementing large scale use of remote sensing technology in this community of users.

Program on Earth Observation Data Management Systems (EODMS), appendixes

The system requirements of an operational data handling system for earth resources in the decade of the 1980's are investigated. Attention is drawn to problems encountered in meeting the stringent agricultural user requirements of that time frame. Such an understanding of requirements is essential not only in designing the ground system that will ultimately handle the data, but also in design studies of the earth resources platform, sensors, and data relay satellites which may be needed.

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19730014745/downloads/19730014745.pdf

Earth resources ground data handling systems for the 1980's

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Earth resources ground data handling systems for the 1980's