COMPLICATIONS OF CANCERLeptomeningeal carcinomatosis

Disclosed are therapeutic methods for the treatment of diseased, disease-causing, or undesirable tissue or material that involve the administration of a thermotherpeutic magnetic composition, which contains single-domain magnetic particles attached to a target-specific ligand, to a patient and the application of an alternating magnetic field to inductively heat the thermotherapeutic magnetic composition. Also disclosed are methods for administration of the thermotherapeutic magnetic composition. These therapeutic methods may be used where the predetermined target is associated with a disease, such as cancer, diseases of the immune system, pathogen-borne diseases, obesity, hormone-related diseases, Alzheimer's disease, disease precursor, and undesirable materials, such as undesirable adipose tissue, reactions to organ transplants, HIV infected cells, polypeptides receptors, blood clots, and low density lipoproteins.

Thermotherapy via targeted delivery of nanoscale magnetic particles

http://helsenet.info/pdf/carcinomatosis/5.pdf

The diagnostic and therapeutic management of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis

Disclosed are thermotherapeutic compositions for treating disease material, and methods of targeted therapy utilizing such compositions. These compositions comprise a) stable single domain magnetic particles; b) magnetic nanoparticles comprising aggregates of superparamagnetic grains; or c) magnetic nanoparticles comprising aggregates of stable single magnetic domain crystals and superparamagnetic grains. These compositions may also comprise a radio isotope, potential radioactive isotope, chemotherapeutic agent. These methods comprise the administration to a patient's body, body part, body fluid, or tissue of bioprobes (energy susceptive materials attached to a target-specific ligand), and the application of energy to the bioprobes so as to destroy, rupture, or inactivate the target in the patient. Energy forms, such as AMF, are utilized to provide the energy. The disclosed methods may be useful in the treatment of a variety of indications, including cancers, diseases of the immune system, central nervous system and vascular system, and pathogen-borne diseases.

Magnetic nanoscale particle compositions, and therapeutic methods related thereto

This study examined the diagnostic and prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 39 patients with leptomeningeal metastasis (LM). Vascular endothelial growth factor levels at diagnosis were significantly higher in patients with LM (median 359 pg ml(-1)) than in patients with other neurological diseases (median <25 pg ml(-1)). The specificity of VEGF levels above 250 pg ml(-1) for LM was high (98.3%), while the sensitivity was low (51.4%; 73% for VEGF values above 100 pg ml(-1)). In 49% of the LM patients, particularly with lymphoma or medulloblastoma, VEGF levels were below 250 pg ml(-1) and thus in the range of VEGF levels in other neurological diseases. Vascular endothelial growth factor levels correlated significantly with CSF lactate and albumin. Vascular endothelial growth factor levels mirrored the clinical course with a marked reduction in response to therapy and an increase at relapse in some patients who had serial CSF samples available. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed VEGF below 100 pg ml(-1) (relative risk (RR)=4.24, P=0.0002) and age below 60 years (RR=2.5, P=0.004) to be associated with longer survival in LM. In conclusion, CSF VEGF levels in LM vary considerably. High VEGF levels have a very high specificity for LM and may help to establish the diagnosis. The role of VEGF as a predictor of outcome should be substantiated in prospective studies.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in leptomeningeal metastasis: diagnostic and prognostic value

Carcinomatous meningitis is a devastating metastatic complication of systemic carcinoma, which may occur insidiously, accompanied by a confusing spectrum of clinical symptoms and signs. In the absence of reliable diagnostic tumour markers, the diagnosis is established by the demonstration of malignant cells within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Cytological techniques requiring skillful interpretation are occasionally negative in the presence of established disease, and when positive may indicate leptomeningeal malignancy of such advanced nature that effective palliation is difficult. Biochemical tumour marker technology offers the potential of reliable diagnosis in early disease states, prior to the appearance of exfoliated malignant cells. In a series of 100 patients, we assayed for an epithelial associated glycoprotein (HMFGI antigen) in CSF obtained at lumbar puncture. In 18 of 20 patients with carcinomatous meningitis, this high-molecular-weight glycoprotein was detectable in the CSF. The antigen was also present in 2 patients with neoplastic meningitis complicating lymphoma and medulloblastoma, but was not detected in the CSF of the remaining 78 patients.

HMFG1 antigen: a new marker for carcinomatous meningitis.

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HMFG1 antigen: a new marker for carcinomatous meningitis.