Performance evaluation of the prospects and challenges of effective power generation and distribution in Nigeria

Towards the sustainability of power utilities in Nigeria: a Bayesian network approach

Replacing failed bulbs of streetlights in a location can be very tasking and expensive if the optimal time for replacement is not determined. In this paper, a model has been developed that helps to establish the optimal time for the replacement of streetlight bulbs. Burnt-out bulbs are replaced individually when they fail, and group replacement is carried out on all bulbs after a specified time. The costs for both individual replacement and group replacement are determined. The developed model was applied to locally sourced data from a field survey of a streetlight installation at the University of Ilorin, Ilorin, North-central Nigeria. The model gave the optimum replacement time of burnt-out bulbs as the eighteenth week when applied to the data used in this work. The optimum replacement time will be dependent on the dataset used. This makes the developed model useful in establishing the optimal replacement time of any stochastically failing items that are in large quantities. The model will help to reduce maintenance costs for facility managers.

/pdf/replacement-model-for-street-lighting-systems-1b2a4d61g3.pdf

Replacement Model for Street Lighting Systems

In homes and offices, it is very common for occupants to forget to switch OFF the lighting and fans when leaving the premises. This can be attributed to human forgetfulness and the epileptic power supply which causes interruption that results in users forgetting the state of their appliances (whether they are ON or OFF). Consequently, these appliances would continue to work whenever power is restored when the occupants might have vacated the premise. This action is not a small contributor to energy wastage in a country like Nigeria where there is an inadequate energy supply to go round the populace. In this work, a simple but robust automatic home and office power control system is developed to auto-detect the presence of an occupant in the room through the passive infrared (PIR) sensor and control the electrical appliances (lighting and fan source) in the room. Certain conditions must be met for the operation of lighting and the fan source. The lighting comes up when the PIR sensor senses the presence of an occupant and the room is in darkness, while the fan would work when there is an occupant and the temperature in the room is above 35°C. These conditions are programmed to suit the need of the occupant but cannot be changed by the user. The device automatically switches off within five minutes after the last occupant leaves the room. Keywords — Microcontroller, Passive infrared (PIR) sensor, Solid State Relay (SSR), and Switching

/pdf/design-and-construction-of-an-automatic-home-and-office-2bmfp5ellj.pdf

Design and Construction of an Automatic Home and Office Power Control System

Energy losses in the distribution network and its subsystems have been issues of great concerns in Nigeria’s power sector. For decades, several studies have been conducted on the challenges facing the power sector in Nigeria with most focus directed on the distribution subsystems. The major challenge in the distribution system is the high energy losses which are detrimental to the techno-economic benefits of the power systems. However, details of the distribution system challenges and the probable solutions have not been efficiently presented. In this study, some of these challenges are presented and the potential solutions are proposed. The features of the Nigeria distribution network, the technical and non-technical sources of losses as well as the identified challenges are presented before discussing the potential solutions. The panaceas so provided were from the understanding of some published works and other related materials as well as the in-depth understanding of the authors. This article can serve as a guide for the utilities and stakeholders in the power sector for efficient management operations and improved customer service delivery.

/pdf/the-challenges-and-panaceas-to-power-distribution-losses-in-1aik4g37bh.pdf

The Challenges and Panaceas to Power Distribution Losses in Nigeria

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The Challenges and Panaceas to Power Distribution Losses in Nigeria