The subsequent rapid increase in the Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) in the past one decade, has led to the significant intensification of one particular type of Electric Vehicles (EVs) known as Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). An expeditious gain in PHEVs is due to the clean environmental considerations and secondly because of the ability of recharging its own energy storage (battery) from an off-board power sources peculiarly a grid. The most prominent issue in these vehicles is the method by which the charging of the batteries should be done and secondly the increasing demand of power required due to the rapid demand of electric power necessitated by PHEVs. This paper surveys the state of the art of existing converter topologies which is indispensable for charging the PHEVs battery charging schemes. This paper will make an attempt as an assessment to give a detailed review of different power electronic topologies used in PHEVs such as bi-directional AC-DC and DC-DC converters which fulfill these requirements. Further, an inference would be drawn by discussing the best choice of topology to be adopted for the efficient and more reliable applications in PHEVs.

A Review of Converter Topologies for Battery Charging Applications in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Development and prospect of direct-current circuit breaker in China

Power electronic transformer (PET) composed of modular dual active bridge (DAB) blocks has a promising future in ac–dc hybrid distribution network because of its energy routing ability. The key element that restrains the development of PET is the vulnerability of power electronic devices during faults, especially dc faults. DC faults (mostly line faults) have very short transient process and no obvious fundamental frequency, which means fault location is difficult to be realized for dc lines in distribution network. Considering that fault location plays an important role in realizing fast fault clearance and recovery, this paper analyzed fault characteristics of dc line faults with respect to the basic structure of modular DAB block and proposed a two-terminal fault location method based on transient voltages measured in dc line boundaries. To evaluate the validity of proposed method, numerical simulations with different fault conditions were implemented in PSCAD/EMTDC. The simulation results indicate that the proposed fault location method located the faulted point quickly and correctly.

A Fault Location Method for DC Lines Connected With DAB Terminal in Power Electronic Transformer

The pole-to-ground fault is one of the most typical faults in modular multilevel converters (MMCs) based DC grid. Analyzing the transient characteristics of fault voltages and currents is of great significance for fault identification, configuration of protection, and optimization of system parameters. This paper proposes an equivalent transient characteristics calculation method for pole-to-ground faults for symmetrical monopolar MMC based DC grid. Firstly, according to the mechanism of the pole-to-ground faults, the fault network and the steady-state network are formed. Then, the star-delta transformation is performed on modelling the MMCs in the fault network, which overcomes the problem that the number of the inserted sub-modules (SMs) in each arm is time-variant. Based on the discrete adjoint model, the pre-fault and faulted matrices describing the voltages and currents are established, and a general method for solving the transient voltages and currents is proposed. Finally, the proposed method is validated in a four-terminal symmetrical monopolar MMC based DC grid. The results show that the proposed method is of high accuracy, and is much more time efficient than time-domain simulation.

/pdf/an-equivalent-calculation-method-for-pole-to-ground-fault-2hioioieav.pdf

An Equivalent Calculation Method for Pole-to-Ground Fault Transient Characteristics of Symmetrical Monopolar MMC Based DC Grid

Vacuum switching technology for future of power systems

Application of High Voltage DC Circuit Breaker in Zhoushan VSC-HVDC Transmission Project

Optimal output power coordinated control strategy of distributed power flow controller

Research on the harmonic currents rates for the exchanged energy of unified distributed power flow controller

The operating principle of the novel three-phase parallel power factor correction is presented. The corresponding hysteresis current control strategy is adopted. The merits can be verified by the simulation results. Compared with the normal PFC, the novel three-phase parallel power factor correction is easy to control and only 20% of the energy flows through the full-controlled devices.

A novel three-phase power factor correction

As the energy crisis and environmental problems are increasingly serious, fuel cell is adopted in many applications as green energy. In order to improve the dynamic performance of fuel cell, auxiliary power storage elements should be added. In our paper, the main power supply-fuel cell and auxiliary power supply-battery are in parallel to generate, which improve the performance of bus voltage. Firstly, the simulation models of the main and auxiliary power supply are set up. Then, a simple and feasible system control strategy is proposed for fuel cell discharging regulator and bus voltage regulator. Finally, a simulation platform is built up to verify that the control strategy proposed in this paper can realize smooth switching among different working modes and reasonable energy flow between the main and auxiliary power supply. Bus voltage has excellent steady-state and dynamic characteristics under all working conditions, which is suitable for the high-precision dc load.

Smooth Control Strategy for Fuel Cell-Battery Power System

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