(LaNiO{sub 3}){sub n}/(SrMnO{sub 3}){sub 2} superlattices were grown using ozone-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. In situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction and x-ray scattering has been used to characterize the structural properties of the superlattices, which are strained to the SrTiO{sub 3} substrates. The superlattices exhibit excellent crystallinity and interfacial roughness of less than 1 unit cell. A metal-insulator transition is observed as n is decreased from 4 to 1. Analysis of the transport data suggests an evolution from gapped insulator (n=1) to hopping conductor (n=2) to metal (n=4) with increasing LaNiO{sub 3} concentration.

/pdf/the-onset-of-metallic-behavior-in-strained-lanio-3-n-srmno-3-2a6zqetybw.pdf

The onset of metallic behavior in strained (LaNiO$_3$)$_n$/(SrMnO$_3$)$_2$ superlattices

Tailoring energy storage in Nb2O5-added 0.7BiFeO3–0.3BaTiO3 ceramics via A-site Gd3+ substitution

Fenton reactions are inefficient because the Fe(II) catalyst cannot be recycled in time due to the lack of a rapid electron transport pathway. This result in huge H2 O2 wastage in industrial applications. Here, we show a sustainable heterogeneous Fenton system is attainable by enhancing ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) excited-state lifetime in Fe-gallate complex. By engineering oxygen defects in the complex, we improved the lifetime from 10 to 90 picoseconds. The lengthened lifetime ensured sufficient concentrations of excited states for efficient Fe cycle, realizing previously unattainable H2 O2 activation kinetics and hydroxyl radical (• OH) productivity. Spectroscopic and electrochemical studies show the cyclic reaction mechanism involves in situ Fe(II) regeneration and synchronous supply of oxygen atoms from water to recover dissociated Fe-O bonds. Trace amounts of our catalyst effectively destroyed two drug-resistant bacteria even after 8 reaction cycles. Our work reveals the link between LMCT excited-state lifetime, Fe cycle, and catalytic activity and stability, with implications for de novo design of efficient and sustainable Fenton process. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Defect Engineering-Mediated Long-Lived Charge Transfer Excited State in Fe-gallate Complex Improves Iron Cycle And Enables Sustainable Fenton-like Reaction.

Review: Geometric interpretation of reflection and transmission RHEED patterns.

Cubic heteroepitaxial (001) SrMnO3-δ (SMO) films were grown on SrTiO3 substrates by atomic alternating layer molecular beam epitaxy. Precise control of cation stoichiometry was achieved by in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) oscillation. During SMO film growth, a correlation between RHEED oscillation features and the cation stoichiometry/monolayer dose was established. In non-stoichiometric films, there were out-of-plane lattice expansions due to off-stoichiometry-dependent defects, including Ruddlesden–Popper SrO planar faults in Sr-rich films and Sr vacancy defect clusters in Mn-rich films.

Specific cation stoichiometry control of SrMnO3-δ thin films via RHEED oscillations

Temperature-dependent dielectric spectroscopy was used to observe multiple dielectric responses involving four sets of dielectric relaxations (DRs) in molecular beam epitaxy-deposited ultrathin (001) SrMnO3/Nb:SrTiO3 heterojunctions. Two sets of oxygen-vacancy (OV)-related DRs, which were sensitive to oxygen annealing, were attributed to short-range OV hopping and localized Jahn–Teller (JT)-polaron hopping-induced dipolar-type relaxations. Arising from electron-phonon coupling between eg electrons and JT-distortion in Mn3+ ions, the appearance of JT-polarons was closely related to the presence of oxygen vacancies, which leads to transitions from Mn4+ to Mn3+.

Correlation of oxygen vacancy and Jahn–Teller polarons in epitaxial perovskite SrMnO3 ultrathin films: Dielectric spectroscopy investigations

In this work, we have investigated the structural, electrical, magnetic and optical properties of Ni–Nb co-doped BaTiO3 ceramics. The compositions of BaTi1−x(Ni1/2Nb1/2)xO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) were prepared through conventional solid-state reaction method. All the samples exhibit a gradual phase transition behavior from the tetragonal to a cubic structure with the increase in the Ni–Nb co-doping concentration. SEM and EDAX characterizations show that the ceramic samples have good crystallinity and uniform doping element Ni–Nb distribution. The temperature dependence of the dielectric constant reveals that Curie temperature gradually decreased with an increase in Ni2+ and Nb5+ concentrations. The ferroelectric studies show these doping samples exhibit a decreasing ferroelectric property with the increasing level of doping. The decrease in Curie temperature and the weakening of ferroelectricity can be attributed to the transformation of the crystal structure from the tetragonal phase to the cubic phase. Magnetic measurements show that the formation of the F-center makes the sample have ferromagnetic order at room temperature. By studying the effects of different Ni–Nb doping concentrations on the ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism of BaTiO3, it was found that among all samples, when the doping concentration x = 0.08, the ceramic samples showed the best multiferroicity. Moreover, the band gap of these samples is significantly reduced due to the introduction of impurity levels. These results indicate the potential application of Ni–Nb co-doped BaTiO3 in multiferroic devices.

/pdf/structural-electrical-magnetic-and-optical-properties-of-3j1ztklozj.pdf

Structural, electrical, magnetic and optical properties of BaTi1−x(Ni1/2Nb1/2)xO3 ceramics

The Pr0.9Ca0.1MnO3 (PCMO) thin films prepared by sol–gel method suffered tensile and compressive stress grown on SrTiO3 and LaAlO3 substrates. The hysteresis loops at different temperatures show that the coercivity field with tensile stress is larger and the pinning potential of ferromagnetism motion is much stronger. The temperature dependence of the ZFC and FC magnetizations indicates that the stress significantly affects the ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic transition temperature of PCMO, and the Curie temperature (TC) decreases with tensile stress. The films show strong anisotropy properties that the magnetization increases much faster with the magnetic field when H⊥c, but the coercive field and saturation magnetization do not change significantly. In addition, the persistent photoinduced magnetization is investigated, and significant improvement of the FM ordering was observed in low temperature. And the saturation magnetization of each Mn ion is significantly affected by orientation and illumination.

The effect of stress on the magnetic properties of sol–gel-derived Pr0.9Ca0.1MnO3 thin films

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Papers

Correlation of oxygen vacancy and Jahn–Teller polarons in epitaxial perovskite SrMnO3 ultrathin films: Dielectric spectroscopy investigations

Specific cation stoichiometry control of SrMnO3-δ thin films via RHEED oscillations

Structural, electrical, magnetic and optical properties of BaTi1−x(Ni1/2Nb1/2)xO3 ceramics

The effect of stress on the magnetic properties of sol–gel-derived Pr0.9Ca0.1MnO3 thin films