Carbon and nitrogen cycling on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Linking soil carbon availability, microbial community composition and enzyme activities to organic carbon mineralization of a bamboo forest soil amended with pyrogenic and fresh organic matter

Forest soil microbial communities are easily modified by changes in plant composition. Therefore, differences in the assembly of soil microbial communities within different forest types should be evaluated to gain a deeper understanding of microbial biodiversity and forest system functioning. In the present study, pine, oak, and pine-oak mixed forests at different developmental stages (young, immature, and mature forests) were evaluated to explore the assembly, co-occurrence network, and influencing factors of bacterial and fungal communities. The assembly of bacterial communities was dominated by deterministic processes (homogeneous selection), whereas the assembly of fungal communities was dominated by stochastic processes (dispersion limited). At the young forest stage, the proportion of deterministic processes in bacterial community assembly among the three forest types was minor. In contrast, the proportion of deterministic processes at the immature and mature forest stages in the bacterial community assembly in the pine-oak mixed forest was larger than that in the pure forests. The proportion of stochastic processes in the assembly of fungal communities in the pine-oak mixed forest was greater than that in the pure forests and was observed at all forest stages. Network analysis showed that the links and average degree of bacteria in the pine-oak mixed forest were lower than that of the pure forests, whereas the network topological features of fungi in the pine-oak mixed forest were higher than that of the pure forests. The stochastic processes increased microbial co-occurrence. The results of the random forest indicated that Pielou's evenness index (E) of plant was the most important predictor of fungal community assembly, and Shannon's diversity index (H) of plant also was the critical factor influencing bacterial community assembly. Our study demonstrated the importance of plant diversity in the assembly of forest soil microbial community. 

Microbial community assembly and its influencing factors of secondary forests in Qinling Mountains

Climate change globally affects soil microbial community assembly across ecosystems. However, little is known about the impact of warming on the structure of soil microbial communities or underlying mechanisms that shape microbial community composition in subtropical forest ecosystems. To address this gap, we utilized natural variation in temperature via an altitudinal gradient to simulate ecosystem warming. After 6 years, microbial co‐occurrence network complexity increased with warming, and changes in their taxonomic composition were asynchronous, likely due to contrasting community assembly processes. We found that while stochastic processes were drivers of bacterial community composition, warming led to a shift from stochastic to deterministic drivers in dry season. Structural equation modelling highlighted that soil temperature and water content positively influenced soil microbial communities during dry season and negatively during wet season. These results facilitate our understanding of the response of soil microbial communities to climate warming and may improve predictions of ecosystem function of soil microbes in subtropical forests.

Distinct patterns of soil bacterial and fungal community assemblages in subtropical forest ecosystems under warming

Research characteristics and hotspots of the relationship between soil microorganisms and vegetation: A bibliometric analysis

Exploring the feedback of the soil microbial community and associated processes to global warming represents a major global challenge. To date, the focus has been placed on the direct effects of warming on soil microbial communities, overlooking how concurrent changes in plant communities may mediate these effects. Additionally, few studies have examined long-term effects of warming in more than one environmental context. In the present study, we conducted a long-term simulated warming experiment to investigate how changes to the plant community within two different environmental contexts affect the responses of soil microorganisms and their respiration to warming. We analyzed the abundance, diversity, and community composition of plants and soil microbes, in addition to soil microbial interaction networks and soil microbial respiration, in two typical ecosystems of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Following long-term warming, the soil microbial composition, structure, and interactions changed, and the shifts depended on the aboveground plant type. Specifically, the co-occurring networks containing different microbial communities tended to be more complex in a shrubland than in a grassland after warming, leading to higher carbon use efficiency. Additionally, long-term warming changed the structure of soil microbial communities, increasing the relative abundances of oligotrophic taxa in the shrubland but not in the grassland. The shifts in community structure and interaction patterns could be explained by vegetation community attributes, highlighting the strong effect of plants on soil microbial responses. These plant-mediated effects on community structure and interactions subsequently could explain changes in soil microbial respiration rates. Microbial respiration showed a positive response to elevated temperature in the grassland but no response to temperature in the shrubland. These results indicate that interactions between soil microbial communities and plant communities determine how soil microbes respond to global warming. Therefore, future research on soil microbial community composition and associated carbon feedbacks to the climate change should include plant-mediated effects, which can provide a scientific basis for effectively mitigating global warming.

Plant-mediated effects of long-term warming on soil microorganisms on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Response of the soil food web to warming and litter removal in the Tibetan Plateau, China

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Plant-mediated effects of long-term warming on soil microorganisms on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Response of the soil food web to warming and litter removal in the Tibetan Plateau, China