In order to treat high-ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) landfill leachate nanofiltration concentrate (LLNC), an Fe-loaded, activated C-based Ni-foam composite electrode was prepared via ferrous ion impregnation and calcination in a nitrogen atmosphere. The composite electrode was used as a cathode and combined with a dimensionally stable anode (DSA) to form the electro-Fenton system. On the basis of single-factor experiments, a response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to evaluate the influence factors. A second-order polynomial was then obtained, and the optimum treatment conditions for the LLNC were found to include an applied voltage of 10 V, initial pH of 2.81, electrode spacing of 1.53 cm, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate of 77.24 % at 300 min, and an applied voltage of 9.02 V, initial pH of 3.90, electrode spacing of 1.04 cm, and an NH3-N removal rate of 74.62 %. Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy of the LLNC before and after the electro-Fenton reaction revealed that the fluvic and humic acid-like substances, as well as the soluble microbial byproducts, were effectively removed from the LLNC. These results indicate that the electro-Fenton system can both inhibit the consumption of Fe ions and efficiently reduce the pollution indices (e.g., COD, NH3-N, and color) of LLNC without the addition of a Fenton's reagent or the production of Fe-sludge.

Treatment of high-ammonia-nitrogen landfill leachate nanofiltration concentrate using an Fe-loaded Ni-foam-based electro-Fenton cathode

Massive bleeding resulting from civil and martial accidents can often lead to shock or even death, highlighting the critical need for the development of rapid and efficient hemostatic materials. While various types of hemostatic materials are currently utilized in clinical practice, they often come with limitations such as poor biocompatibility, toxicity, and biodegradability. Polysaccharides, such as alginate (AG), chitosan (CS), cellulose, starch, hyaluronic acid (HA), and dextran, have exhibit excellent biocompatibility and in vivo biodegradability. Their degradation products are non-toxic to surrounding tissues and can be absorbed by the body. As a result, polysaccharides have been extensively utilized in the development of hemostatic materials and have gained significant attention in the field of in vivo hemostasis. This review offers an overview of the different forms, hemostatic mechanisms, and specific applications of polysaccharides. Additionally, it discusses the future opportunities and challenges associated with polysaccharide-based hemostats. 

Recent research advances in polysaccharide-based hemostatic materials: A review

Corn straw as a widespread agricultural waste can be used as a raw material to prepare plant fiber-based foam materials, which, however, are susceptible to fire, water, and microbial colonization. In this study, corn straw fibers were surface-modified with Mg–Al-LDH, an inorganic flame retardant, via a simple hydrothermal reaction to become flame-retardant. Silver nanoparticles were attached to the surface of the modified corn straw fibers by the silver mirror reaction to impart antimicrobial properties. The modified corn straw fibers were then subjected to low surface energy treatment with hydrophobicity,1H,1H,2H,2H-PerfluorodecyltriMethoxysilane (TDFS) to impart hydrophobicity. Then, the foaming agent, adhesive (phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol, PPVA), modified corn straw fibers, and water were mixed in proportion to generate a lightweight foam material. The material was characterized by heat of combustion (HoC) testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), water contact angle (WCA) measurement, antimicrobial tests (inhibition zone method), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The corn straw-based foam material showed excellent flame-retardant and waterproof properties with a WCA of 107°. In addition, the foam material was found highly effective against Aspergillus niger and Botryodiplodia theobromae. This paper presented a novel route of synthesizing light weight plant fiber-based foam material with multi-function, which greatly broadens the application range of agricultural waste, such as the preparation of cushioning materials. 

A corn straw-based lightweight foam material with flame-retardant, antimicrobial, and waterproof properties


 Montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay is a natural raw material naturally occurring 2-dimensional lamellar silicate material. Many advantages of MMT clay are low cost, high dispersion properties, good mechanical properties, hydrophobic, good shield against corrosive media, non-toxic, easily accessible, and most importantly, it is natural. MMT was mainly used as an additive with other active smart materials to enhance the excellent properties for smart coatings. However, there is not much research done from the last 5 years regarding MMT in smart coating for corrosion protection. The discussion regarding MMT for corrosion protection is also contradict between each research. This paper provides a brief review on MMT clay in smart coatings and its advantages for corrosion protection for the last 5 years. There are also some drawbacks of MMT in smart coatings discussed at the end. Further research needs to be done as MMT has more potential that can be used in the real-world industries and to clarify the contradiction of statement existed in much research.

Montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay in smart coatings for corrosion protection of metal alloy: a brief review

Abstract This study presents the degradation and the mineralization of Metolcarb or 3-methylphenyl methylcarbamate by electro Fenton process with volume cathode. This pesticide was treated using this cathode which is filled with graphite carbon granules. The solutions of Metolcarb were electrolyzed in an reactor of 1.4 liter which shows the performance and the efficiency of the process. Indeed, the effects of different parameters such as the initial concentration of Metolcarb and the intensity of applied current on the degradation kinetics of Metolcarb have been discussed as a function of time. The found results proved that the insecticide removal followed a pseudo first order. The competitive kinetics analysis of Metolcarb during its electrochemical treatment was carried out by using benzoic acid as a reference compound. The absolute rate constant for the oxidation of Metolcarb by hydroxyl radicals consequently is equal to 3.59 × 10 9 L mol − 1 s − 1 . The mineralization of Metolcarb in terms of total organic carbon was monitored during its electrolysis by the electro Fenton process. The organic carbon is then equivalent to the total carbon determined in reaction analysis. Carbon chains can therefore be formed. The various intermediates which are produced into the electrochemical processing of Metolcarb were determined by the mass spectrometry LC/MS. The biodegradation of Metolcarb has also been investigated in active clay. 

Oxidative degradation of Metolcarb by electro Fenton process

Thiram and Ziram wastewater is a type of pesticide wastewater with high COD, high ammonia nitrogen and unpleasant odor. In this paper, Fenton, iron-carbon, micro-electrolysis, Electro-Fenton and other methods were used to treat theThiram and Ziram wastewater, the Electro-Fenton process is best. And the improved Electro-Fenton plant was used treat wastewater to explore the impact of pH, current density, packing ratio and amount of filler on the removal efficiency of COD. The optimal operating conditions with low processing cost and high removal efficiency were determined. The results showed that the COD removal efficiency of the modified Electro-Fenton process for the treatment of the ThiramandZiram wastewater was increased from 52.96% to 75.62%.Based on the result, the higher current density and the more the filler content, the higher the removal efficiency. The optimumH is 3, optimumiron-carbon ratio is 1 to 2.

https://www.dpi-proceedings.com/index.php/dtetr/article/download/25528/24942

Study on Treating Thiram and Ziram Wastewater by Improved Electric-Fenton Process

Corn stalk modified chitin composite sponge for effective hemostasis and promoting wound healing.

Montmorillonite and AgNPs modified corn stalk-based filling material with fire retardancy and antibacterial activity

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Study on Treating Thiram and Ziram Wastewater by Improved Electric-Fenton Process

Corn stalk modified chitin composite sponge for effective hemostasis and promoting wound healing.

Montmorillonite and AgNPs modified corn stalk-based filling material with fire retardancy and antibacterial activity