Gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by polychlorinated biphenyl 126 contributes to increased brain proinflammatory cytokines: Landscapes from the gut-brain axis and fecal microbiota transplantation.

At present, the increasing consumption of natural sources and rapid urbanization has exceeded the demand for fresh water which is a matter of serious concern. Paper mill wastewater contains high organic matter, nutrients, and lignin and their derivatives, which have economic value. Therefore, it may soon become “ecologically sustainable” with technological advances. Nowadays, traditional physicochemical and biological treatment systems have been established for wastewater treatment but they still face operational and procedural challenges. Researchers are devoted not only to the treatment approach but are also focusing on the reusability of wastewater in various sectors. Also, IR 4.0-based technological interventions can make the treatment and reusability process of wastewater treatment faster and error-free. This review focuses on the performance and challenges of existing and emerging treatment approaches in paper mill wastewater. We discussed in detailed the importance of adopting a circular economy along with recent technological advances as well as their role in reducing climate risk and dependence on existing resources. Also, this review emphasized the enhancement of environmental feasibility by using IR 4.0 technologies and some other approaches such as LCA and decentralized treatment systems. As evident from the literature, these collective initiatives may become important towards wastewater treatment and resource recovery and can help in providing efficient reuse of wastewater through a tie-up of concepts with resource efficiency and without compromising on environmental health which can be an opportunity for social prosperity. Future research to overcome barriers to the implementation and management of these technologies is also discussed. 

Emerging technological solutions for the management of paper mill wastewater: Treatment, nutrient recovery and fourth industrial revolution (IR 4.0)

The human gut microbiome, the host, and the environment are inextricably linked across the life course with significant health impacts. Consisting of trillions of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other micro-organisms, microbiota living within our gut are particularly dynamic and responsible for digestion and metabolism of diverse classes of ingested chemical pollutants. Exposure to chemical pollutants not only in early life but throughout growth and into adulthood can alter human hosts' ability to absorb and metabolize xenobiotics, nutrients, and other components critical to health and longevity. Inflammation is a common mechanism underlying multiple environmentally related chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, multiple cancer types, and mental health. While growing research supports complex interactions between pollutants and the gut microbiome, significant gaps exist. Few reviews provide descriptions of the complex mechanisms by which chemical pollutants interact with the host microbiome through either direct or indirect pathways to alter disease risk, with a particular focus on inflammatory pathways. This review focuses on examples of several classes of pollutants commonly ingested by humans, including (i) heavy metals, (ii) persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and (iii) nitrates. Digestive enzymes and gut microbes are the first line of absorption and metabolism of these chemicals, and gut microbes have been shown to alter compounds from a less to more toxic state influencing subsequent distribution and excretion. In addition, chemical pollutants may interact with or alter the selection of more harmful and less commensal microbiota, leading to gut dysbiosis, and changes in receptor-mediated signaling pathways that alter the integrity and function of the gut intestinal tract. Arsenic, cadmium, and lead (heavy metals), influence the microbiome directly by altering different classes of bacteria, and subsequently driving inflammation through metabolite production and different signaling pathways (LPS/TLR4 or proteoglycan/TLR2 pathways). POPs can alter gut microbial composition either directly or indirectly depending on their ability to activate key signaling pathways within the intestine (e.g., PCB-126 and AHR). Nitrates and nitrites' effect on the gut and host may depend on their ability to be transformed to secondary and tertiary metabolites by gut bacteria. Future research should continue to support foundational research both in vitro, in vivo, and longitudinal population-based research to better identify opportunities for prevention, gain additional mechanistic insights into the complex interactions between environmental pollutants and the microbiome and support additional translational science. 

Diverse mechanisms by which chemical pollutant exposure alters gut microbiota metabolism and inflammation

Semiconductor-based materials utilized in photocatalysts and electrocatalysts present a sophisticated solution for efficient solar energy utilization and bias control, a field extensively explored for its potential in sustainable energy and environmental management. Recently, 3D printing has emerged as a transformative technology, offering rapid, cost-efficient, and highly customizable approaches to designing photocatalysts and electrocatalysts with precise structural control and tailored substrates. The adaptability and precision of printing facilitate seamless integration, loading, and blending of diverse photo(electro)catalytic materials during the printing process, significantly reducing material loss compared to traditional methods. Despite the evident advantages of 3D printing, a comprehensive compendium delineating its application in the realm of photocatalysis and electrocatalysis is conspicuously absent. This paper initiates by delving into the fundamental principles and mechanisms underpinning photocatalysts electrocatalysts and 3D printing. Subsequently, an exhaustive overview of the latest 3D printing techniques, underscoring their pivotal role in shaping the landscape of photocatalysts and electrocatalysts for energy and environmental applications. Furthermore, the paper examines various methodologies for seamlessly incorporating catalysts into 3D printed substrates, elucidating the consequential effects of catalyst deposition on catalytic properties. Finally, the paper thoroughly discusses the challenges that necessitate focused attention and resolution for future advancements in this domain.

Additive Manufacturing: A Paradigm Shift in Revolutionizing Catalysis with 3D Printed Photocatalysts and Electrocatalysts Toward Environmental Sustainability.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a widespread organic pollutant worldwide. In this study, a highly efficient phenanthrene (PHE)-degrading microbial community was enriched from oil extraction soil, which could degrade 500 mg/L PHE within 4 days. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, the dominant bacteria in this community at the phylum level were found to be Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. Metagenomic annotation of genes revealed the metabolic pathways and the contribution of different bacteria to the degradation process. Pseudomonadaceae contributed multiple functional genes in the degradation process. This study revealed the functional genes, metabolic pathways, and microbial interactions of the microbial community, which are expected to provide guidance for practical management.

/pdf/metagenomic-analysis-of-microbial-alliances-for-efficient-g7ayqilh.pdf

Metagenomic Analysis of Microbial Alliances for Efficient Degradation of PHE: Microbial Community Structure and Reconstruction of Metabolic Network

Dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl 126 (PCB126) disrupts gut microbiota-host metabolic dysfunction in mice via aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation.

Here, we report the production of 3D-printed MoS2/Ni electrodes (3D-MoS2/Ni) with long-term stability and excellent performance by the selective laser melting (SLM) technique. As a cathode, the obtained 3D-MoS2/Ni could maintain a degradation rate above 94.0% for florfenicol (FLO) when repeatedly used 50 times in water. We also found that the removal rate of FLO by 3D-MoS2/Ni was about 12 times higher than that of 3D-printed pure Ni (3D-Ni), attributed to the improved accessibility of H*. In addition, the electrochemical characterization results showed that the electrochemically active surface area of the 3D-MoS2/Ni electrode is about 3-fold higher than that of the 3D-Ni electrode while the electrical resistance is 4 times lower. Based on tert-butanol suppression, electron paramagnetic resonance and triple quadrupole mass spectrometer experiments, a “dual path” mechanism and possible degradation pathway for the dechlorination of FLO by 3D-MoS2/Ni were proposed. Furthermore, we also investigated the impacts of the cathode potential and the initial pH of the solution on the degradation of FLO. Overall, this study reveals that the SLM 3D printing technique is a promising approach for the rapid fabrication of high-stability metal electrodes, which could have broad application in the control of water contaminants in the environmental field. 

3D-printed MoS2/Ni electrodes with excellent electro-catalytic performance and long-term stability for dechlorination of florfenicol

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Dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl 126 (PCB126) disrupts gut microbiota-host metabolic dysfunction in mice via aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation.

3D-printed MoS2/Ni electrodes with excellent electro-catalytic performance and long-term stability for dechlorination of florfenicol