There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

At present aluminium matrix composites are widely used in engineering applications. Aluminium matrix composites are providing such superior properties which cannot be achieved by any existing monolithic material. Properties of aluminium matrix composite are highly influenced by nature of reinforcement which can be either in continuous or discontinuous fibre form. It also depends on the selection of processing techniques for the fabrication of aluminium matrix composites which depends on many factors including type of matrix and reinforcement, the degree of microstructural integrity desired and their structural, mechanical, electrochemical and thermal properties. Present paper reports an overview on synthesis routes, mechanical behavior and applications of aluminium matrix composites. Special focus is given to primary processing techniques for manufacturing of aluminium matrix composites. In the end, commercialization challenges, industrial aspects and future research directions are also briefed.

Advance research progresses in aluminium matrix composites: manufacturing & applications

Intrinsically smart, metal matrix composites (MMCs) are lightweight and high-performance materials having ever expanding industrial applications. The structural and the functional properties of these materials can be altered as per the industrial demands. The process technologies indulged in fabrication and machining of these materials attract the researchers and industrial community. Hybrid electric discharge machining is a promising and the most reliable nonconventional machining process for MMCs. It exhibits higher competence for machining complex shapes with greater accuracy. This paper presents an up-to-date review of progress and benefits of different routes for fabrication and machining of composites. It reports certain practical analysis and research findings including various issues on fabrication and machining of MMCs. It is concluded that polycrystalline tools and diamond-coated tools are best suitable for various conventional machining operations. High speed, small depth of cut and low feed ra...

Fabrication and Machining of Metal Matrix Composites: A Review

The growing demand for fuel-efficient, lightweight and lower CO2 emissions is led to the development of lightweight materials. Aluminium metal and its various alloys are extensively used in many structural applications due to its specific properties including a high strength-to-weight ratio and comparatively good mechanical properties in comparison to the other metals and alloys. The mechanical properties of aluminium alloys can further be improved when they are used as metal matrix composites (MMCs). Various nano additives such as ceramics nanoparticles are regarded as promising nano reinforcement for Aluminium-based MMC (AMMC) due to their various attractive properties such as high fracture strength with low weight. Herein we comprehensively surveyed Aluminium 7075 alloys based MMC reinforced with various nanoparticles (organic and inorganic) manufactured through various processes and their influences are outlined on mechanical and tribological properties by highlighting outstanding results of recently published studies. To date, various fabrication techniques have been extensively used to exploit the full potential of nanoparticles. It was found that the stir casting technique with usually ceramic nanoparticles significantly improved the mechanical properties of aluminium 7075 alloys-based MMC from an aerospace sector perspective. This review also elucidates some current challenges and provides a complete framework for future research in the proposed field. 

Review of recent trends and developments in aluminium 7075 alloys and metal matrix composites (MMCs) for aircraft applications

The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of SiC-graphite reinforcement on the properties of pure copper. Copper matrix composites with SiC-graphite reinforcement (0, 2.5,5, 7.5 and...

Microstructure, wear and corrosion characteristics of Cu matrix reinforced SiC–graphite hybrid composites:

This investigation reports the phase, microstructure and hardness of ZrO2-reinforced iron-based metal matrix composites synthesized by powder metallurgy. The process involved the preparation of hom...

Synthesis and characterization of Fe–ZrO2 metal matrix composites:

The present study synthesized Cu–4 wt% Ni matrix composites reinforced with different percentages of TiC (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 wt%) through high-energy ball milling, followed by compaction and sintering. The friction and wear behavior was examined at four different normal loads of 5, 10, 15, and 20 N. A constant sliding speed of 1.25 m/s was maintained while sliding against a hardened counterface made of EN31 steel (HRC 60) under ambient conditions using a pin-on-disk test rig. The composite hardness increased until the addition of 4 wt% of TiC, beyond which it was observed to decrease. Such a trend may be attributed to the TiC agglomeration in the composites containing relatively larger amounts of TiC (i.e., 6 and 8 wt%). The wear rate linearly increased with the load. However, the composites exhibited a lower rate of wear than the matrix alloy, which may have resulted from the relatively higher hardness of composites. The observed friction and wear behavior has been explained on the basis of hardness and presence of the transfer layer on the worn surface and its nature, i.e., loose or well compacted. Addition of 4 wt% TiC showed the optimum performance in terms of friction and wear caused by its higher hardness and ability to hold a transfer layer of a relatively larger thickness compared to the other materials. The wear mechanism for the Cu4Ni matrix alloy was a mix of adhesive and oxidative wear and primarily abrasive for the composites containing hard TiC particles.

/pdf/friction-and-wear-behavior-of-cu-4-wt-ni-tic-composites-beir5geja9.pdf

Friction and wear behavior of Cu–4 wt.%Ni–TiC composites under dry sliding conditions

The present investigation explores the effect of TiC content on the sliding wear properties of Cu-4 wt.% Ni matrix composites. Cu-4 wt.% Ni − x wt.% TiC (x = 0, 2, 4 and 8 wt.%) metal matrix composites were developed by powder metallurgy route. Their friction and wear was studied under dry sliding at different loads of 5, 7.5 and 10 N and constant sliding speed of 2 m/s using a pin-on-disk machine. The metallographic observations showed an almost uniform distribution of TiC particles in the matrix. Hardness of the composites increased with increasing TiC content (up to 4 wt.%). Friction and wear results of TiC-reinforced composites show better wear resistance than unreinforced matrix alloy. However, the optimum wear resistance was observed for 4 wt.% TiC-reinforced composites. Worn surfaces of specimens indicated the abrasion as the primary mechanism of wear in all the materials investigated in the study. The observed behavior has been explained on the basis of (1) the hardness which results in a decrease in real area of contact in composites containing TiC particles and (2) the formation of a transfer layer of wear debris on the surface of the composites which protects underlying substrate by inhibiting metal-metal contact.

Sliding Wear Behavior of TiC-Reinforced Cu-4 wt.% Ni Matrix Composites

The present paper reports phase, microstructure, and compressive strength of ZrO2 reinforced Fe Metal Matrix Nanocomposites (MMNCs) synthesized by powder metallurgy (P/M) technique. High purity grade iron metal powder was mixed with varying percentage of zirconium dioxide (5–30 wt%), compacted, and sintered in argon atmosphere in the temperature range of 900–1100°C for 1 to 3 hours. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of specimens was done in order to study the phases present and scanning electron microscopy was carried out to determine the morphology and grain size of the various constituents. XRD result shows the presence of Fe, ZrO2, and Zr6Fe3O phase. Zr6Fe3O phase forms due to reactive sintering and is not reported earlier by researchers throughout the globe. SEM results showed the presence of dense microstructure with the presence of Fe, ZrO2, and some nanosize Zr6Fe3O phases.

/pdf/effect-of-sintering-mechanism-on-the-properties-of-zro2-4z491bhzb4.pdf

Effect of Sintering Mechanism on the Properties of ZrO2 Reinforced Fe Metal Matrix Nanocomposite

Modeling the dry sliding wear behavior of Cu-4wt%Ni-TiC composites using response surface methodology

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