We report a precise measurement of the parity-violating (PV) asymmetry A_{PV} in the elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from ^{48}Ca. We measure A_{PV}=2668±106(stat)±40(syst) parts per billion, leading to an extraction of the neutral weak form factor F_{W}(q=0.8733 fm^{-1})=0.1304±0.0052(stat)±0.0020(syst) and the charge minus the weak form factor F_{ch}-F_{W}=0.0277±0.0055. The resulting neutron skin thickness R_{n}-R_{p}=0.121±0.026(exp)±0.024(model) fm is relatively thin yet consistent with many model calculations. The combined CREX and PREX results will have implications for future energy density functional calculations and on the density dependence of the symmetry energy of nuclear matter. 

/pdf/precision-determination-of-the-neutral-weak-form-factor-of-1ut0p7yx.pdf

Precision Determination of the Neutral Weak Form Factor of 
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http://manuscript.elsevier.com/S0146641022000230/pdf/S0146641022000230.pdf

Transport model comparison studies of intermediate-energy HI collisions

The recent experimental determination of the parity violating asymmetry ${A}_{\mathrm{PV}}$ in $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}$ and $^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ at Jefferson Lab is important for our understanding on how neutrons and protons arrange themselves inside the atomic nucleus. To better understand the impact of these measurements, we present a rigorous theoretical investigation of ${A}_{\mathrm{PV}}$ in $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}$ and $^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ and assess the associated uncertainties. We complement our study by inspecting the static electric dipole polarizability in these nuclei. The analysis is carried out within nuclear energy density functional theory with quantified input. We conclude that the simultaneous accurate description of ${A}_{\mathrm{PV}}$ in $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}$ and $^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ cannot be achieved by our models that accommodate a pool of global nuclear properties, such as masses and charge radii, throughout the nuclear chart, and describe---within one standard deviation---the experimental dipole polarizabilities ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{D}$ in these nuclei. 

/pdf/combined-theoretical-analysis-of-the-parity-violating-rgcxv1pr.pdf

Combined Theoretical Analysis of the Parity-Violating Asymmetry for 
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$Background:$ The determination of the nuclear neutron properties suffers from uncontrolled uncertainties, which attracted considerable attention recently, such as in the context of the PREX experiment. $Purpose:$ Our aim is to analyze the sensitivity of charge-exchange ($p, n$) reactions to the neutron density distribution $\rho_{n}$ and constrain the neutron characteristics in the nuclear structure models. $Method:$ By combing the folding and the mean-field models, the nucleon-nucleus ($NA$) potential can be obtained from the nuclear density distribution. Further, the ($p, p$) and ($p, n$) cross sections for $^{48}$Ca and $^{208}$Pb are calculated following the distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA) method. $Results:$ Compared with the ($p, p$) cross section, the effects of $\rho_{n}$ variation on the ($p, n$) cross section are significant, which is due to the impact of isovector properties. Based on the global folding model analyses of data, it is found that $^{48}$Ca and $^{208}$Pb have relatively large neutron skin thickness $\Delta R_{n p}$. $Conclusions:$ Results illustrate that the charge-exchange ($p, n$) reaction is a sensitive probe of $\rho_{n}$. The results in this paper can offer useful guides for future experiments of neutron characteristics. 

Exploring the sensitivity of charge-exchange 
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 reactions to the neutron density distribution

Parity-violating electron-scattering experiments represent an important focus of the nuclear physics experimental program at the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Lab. These experiments pose significant challenges because the scattering asymmetries can be very small, of the order parts-per-million and smaller. To succeed, the properties of the electron beam such as current, position, size and energy, must be very nearly identical in the two electron-polarization spin states (parallel and anti-parallel relative to the direction of beam motion at the scattering target). This paper describes the origins of unwanted helicity-correlated beam asymmetries present on the electron beam and methods to minimize them to acceptable levels. 

An overview of how parity-violating electron scattering experiments are performed at CEBAF

We report precision determinations of the beam normal single spin asymmetries ($A_n$) in the elastic scattering of 0.95 and 2.18~GeV electrons off $^{12}$C, $^{40}$Ca, $^{48}$Ca and $^{208}$Pb at forward angles. The first measurements of $A_n$ for $^{40}$Ca and $^{48}$Ca are found to be similar to that of $^{12}$C, consistent with expectations. We also report $A_n$ for $^{208}$Pb at two new momentum transfers (Q$^2$) extending the previous measurement. Our new data confirm the surprising result previously reported, with all three data points showing significant disagreement with the results from the $Z\leq 20$ nuclei. These data confirm our basic understanding of the underlying dynamics that govern $A_n$ for nuclei containing $\lesssim 50$ nucleons, but point to the need for further investigation to understand the unusual $A_n$ behaviour discovered for scattering off $^{208}$Pb.

New Measurements of the Beam-Normal Single Spin Asymmetry in Elastic Electron Scattering Over a Range of Spin-0 Nuclei

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New Measurements of the Beam-Normal Single Spin Asymmetry in Elastic Electron Scattering Over a Range of Spin-0 Nuclei