Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is broadly recognised as having the potential to play a key role in meeting climate change targets, delivering low carbon heat and power, decarbonising industry and, more recently, its ability to facilitate the net removal of CO2 from the atmosphere. However, despite this broad consensus and its technical maturity, CCS has not yet been deployed on a scale commensurate with the ambitions articulated a decade ago. Thus, in this paper we review the current state-of-the-art of CO2 capture, transport, utilisation and storage from a multi-scale perspective, moving from the global to molecular scales. In light of the COP21 commitments to limit warming to less than 2 °C, we extend the remit of this study to include the key negative emissions technologies (NETs) of bioenergy with CCS (BECCS), and direct air capture (DAC). Cognisant of the non-technical barriers to deploying CCS, we reflect on recent experience from the UK's CCS commercialisation programme and consider the commercial and political barriers to the large-scale deployment of CCS. In all areas, we focus on identifying and clearly articulating the key research challenges that could usefully be addressed in the coming decade.

/pdf/carbon-capture-and-storage-ccs-the-way-forward-11rgsqyer0.pdf

Carbon capture and storage (CCS): the way forward

Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture using solid sorbents has been recognized as a very promising technology that has attracted intense attention from both academic and industrial fields in the last decade. It is astonishing that around 2000 papers have been published from 2011 to 2014 alone, which is less than three years after our first review paper in this journal on solid CO2 sorbents was published. In this short period, much progress has been made and the major research focus has more or less changed. Therefore, we feel that it is necessary to give a timely update on solid CO2 capture materials, although we still have to keep some important literature results published in the past years so as to keep the good continuity. We believe this work will benefit researchers working in both academic and industrial areas. In this paper, we still organize the CO2 sorbents according to their working temperatures by classifying them as such: (1) low-temperature ( 400 °C). Since the sorption capacity, kinetics, recycling stability and cost are important parameters when evaluating a sorbent, these features will be carefully considered and discussed. In addition, due to the huge amounts of cost-effective CO2 sorbents demanded and the importance of waste resources, solid CO2 sorbents prepared from waste resources and their performance are reviewed. Finally, the techno-economic assessments of various CO2 sorbents and technologies in real applications are briefly discussed.

Recent advances in solid sorbents for CO2 capture and new development trends

Recent progress and new developments in post-combustion carbon-capture technology with amine based solvents

Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as CO2 in the atmosphere is a global warming. Human activities are a major cause of increased CO2 concentration in atmosphere, as in recent decade, two-third of greenhouse effect was caused by human activities. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a major strategy that can be used to reduce GHGs emission. There are three methods for CCS: pre-combustion capture, oxy-fuel process, and post-combustion capture. Among them, post-combustion capture is the most important one because it offers flexibility and it can be easily added to the operational units. Various technologies are used for CO2 capture, some of them include: absorption, adsorption, cryogenic distillation, and membrane separation. In this paper, various technologies for post-combustion are compared and the best condition for using each technology is identified.

/pdf/carbon-dioxide-separation-from-flue-gases-a-technological-15pbsw1o4r.pdf

Carbon Dioxide Separation from Flue Gases: A Technological Review Emphasizing Reduction in Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Aqueous amine solution characterization for post-combustion CO2 capture process

A study to determine the structure and activity relationships of various amine-based CO2 absorbents was performed, in which the absorption of pure CO2 at atmospheric pressure was measured to assess the total absorption rates and capacities. Steric hindrance effect was noticed when side chain with alkyl group was present at the α-carbon to the amine group in the absorbent structure. An increase in the number of amine groups in absorbent structure, results in a higher capacity of upto 3.03 moles CO2/moles amine. Aromatic amines substituted with alkyl groups at the 2nd and 5th position show an increase in both absorption rate and capacity.

/pdf/structure-and-activity-relationships-for-amine-based-co2-2abmz3r1uy.pdf

Structure and activity relationships for amine-based CO2 absorbents-II

http://www.nt.ntnu.no/users/skoge/prost/proceedings/ecce6_sep07/upload/1177.pdf

Structure and activity relationships for CO2 regeneration from aqueous amine-based absorbents

https://pure.rug.nl/ws/files/14491789/2007Int.-J.-Greenh.-Gas-ControlSingh.pdf

Structure and activity relationships for amine based CO2 absorbents-I

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Structure and activity relationships for amine-based CO2 absorbents-II

Structure and activity relationships for CO2 regeneration from aqueous amine-based absorbents

Structure and activity relationships for amine based CO2 absorbents-I