Biomimetic multifunctional surfaces inspired from animals.

Antifogging surfaces with hydrophilic or even superhydrophilic wetting behavior have received significant attention due to their ability to reduce light scattering by film-like condensation. However, a major challenge remains in achieving high-speed antifogging performance and revealing the hydrophilic-based antifogging mechanism of glass or other transparent materials under aggressive fogging conditions. Herein, with inspiration from the fog-free property of the typical Morpho menelaus terrestris butterfly (Butler, 1866) wing scales, a monolayer SiO2 film with multiscale hierarchical pagoda structures (MHPSs) based on glass substrate was designed and fabricated using an optimized biotemplate-assisted wet chemical method without any post-treatments. The biomimetic monolayer film (BMF) composed of nanoscale SiO2 3D networks displayed excellent antifogging properties, which is superior to that of the glass substrate itself. The MHPS-based BMF even kept high transmittance (∼95%) under aggressive fog conditio...

Active Antifogging Property of Monolayer SiO2 Film with Bioinspired Multiscale Hierarchical Pagoda Structures

Green synthesis of nanoparticles aims at minimizing generated waste and implementing sustainable processes. In recent years, green processes using mild reaction conditions and nontoxic precursors have been emphasized in the development of nanotechnology for promoting environmental sustainability. In this chapter, we have reviewed green synthesis of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles. Different approaches for their synthesis, characterization of physicochemical properties of the products, and environmental applications were addressed. Among many different potential applications of the synthesized metal oxide nanoparticles, we focused on their use for antimicrobial application and environmental remediation. The mechanisms of antimicrobial activity and the photocatalytic reactions for the remediation processes were also discussed.

Green synthesis of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles and their usage for antimicrobial applications and environmental remediation

Membrane-based materials with special surface wettability have been applied widely for the treatment of increasing industrial oily waste water, as well as frequent oil spill accidents. However, traditional technologies are energy-intensive and limited, either by fouling or by the inability of a single membrane to separate all types of oil–water mixtures. Herein, a biomimetic monolayer copper membrane (BMCM), composed of multiscale hierarchical dendritic structures, is cleverly designed and successfully fabricated on steel mesh substrate. It not only possesses the ability of energy-efficient oil–water separation but also excellent self-recovery anti-oil-fouling properties ( 93%) after ten-time cycling tests. More importantly, it retains efficient oil–water separation capacity for five different oils. In fact, these advanced features are benefited by the synergistic effect of chemical compositions and physical structures, which is inspired by the typical nonwetting strategy of butterfly wing scales. The findings in this work may inspire a facile but effective strategy for repeatable and antipollution oil–water separation, which is more suitable for various applications under practical conditions, such as wastewater treatment, fuel purification, separation of commercially relevant oily water, and so forth.

/pdf/energy-efficient-oil-water-separation-of-biomimetic-copper-2efbyxb0ce.pdf

Energy-Efficient Oil-Water Separation of Biomimetic Copper Membrane with Multiscale Hierarchical Dendritic Structures.

Through millions of years of evolutionary selection, nature has created biological materials with various functional properties for survival Many complex natural architectures, such as shells, bones, and honeycombs, have been studied and imitated in the design and fabrication of materials with enhanced hardness and stiffness Recently, more and more researchers have started to research the wings of butterflies, mostly because of their dazzling colors It was found that most of these iridescent colors are caused by periodic photonic structures on the scales that make up the surfaces of these wings These materials have recently become a focus of multidiscipline research because of their promising applications in the display of structural colors, and in advanced sensors, photonic crystals, and solar cells This paper review aims to provide a perspective overview of the research inspired by these wing structures in recent years

Butterfly effects: novel functional materials inspired from the wings scales.

SiO2 and ZnO inverse structure replicas have been synthesized using butterfly wings as templates. The laser diffraction performance of the SiO2 inverse structure replica was investigated and it was found that the zero-order light spot split into a matrix pattern when the distance between the screen and the sample was increased. This unique diffraction phenomenon is closely related to the structure of the SiO2 inverse structure replica. On the other hand, by analyzing the photoluminescence spectrum of the ZnO replica, optical anisotropy in the ultraviolet band was demonstrated for this material. Open image in new window

Optical properties of SiO2 and ZnO nanostructured replicas of butterfly wing scales

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Optical properties of SiO2 and ZnO nanostructured replicas of butterfly wing scales