Advanced oxidation processes are widely recognized as effective techniques for the removal of organic pollutants from water. In recent years, encapsulated transition-metal nanoparticle catalysts have exhibited excellent performance in inducing AOPs for elimination of organic contaminants due to their unique physicochemical properties. Taking advantage of the synergy between transition-metal nanoparticles and encapsulation materials, the catalytic activity, stability and selectivity of the catalysts can be adjusted and improved. Particularly, the carbon shell might benefit pollutant enrichment, accelerate charge transfer, enable confinement effect, and protect the transition-metal core from aggregation or deterioration. This review presents recent advances in the applications of encapsulated transition-metal nanoparticle catalysts for AOPs to degrade organic pollutants. Firstly, the structure and composition types of encapsulated transition-metal nanoparticle catalysts were introduced and then the synthetic methods of the catalysts were described. Subsequently, the applications of encapsulated transition-metal nanoparticles as heterogeneous catalysts to degrade organic pollutants in AOPs, including Fenton reactions, photocatalysis, persulfate activation, etc., were discussed with the underlying reaction mechanisms revealed. Finally, the article concludes by highlighting the major challenges and opportunities associated with encapsulated transition-metal nanoparticle catalysts in these AOPs, providing valuable insights for future research and development. 

Recent advances in the applications of encapsulated transition-metal nanoparticles in advanced oxidation processes for degradation of organic pollutants: a critical review

Nowadays, water pollution and freshwater scarcity are two of the most significant environmental problems in many parts of the world, and hence development of effective, economic and environmental-friendly methods for water treatment to provide clean water and increase the freshwater supply is of great necessity. Due to the advantages of enhanced mass transfer and sufficiently exposed active sites over traditional parallel-plate and flow-by configurations, the electrochemical flow-through systems have emerged as a promising technology for tackling such global challenges, and are currently being actively explored for various water treatment processes including water desalination, water purification (e.g., removal of heavy metals, inorganic contaminants, or organic contaminants), water disinfection, resource recovery, and detection of contaminants. Over the past decades, there has been a fast increase of research regarding the applications of electrochemical flow-through systems in the water treatment processes and remarkable advances have been made. This review is intended to summarize such progress and highlight the key achievements. In-depth analysis of the functional mechanisms of the electrochemical flow-through systems in each of the applications was presented. This article should be of value in promoting electrochemical flow-through systems to develop into a competitive choice for tackling multiple water-related issues. 

Versatile applications of electrochemical flow-through systems in water treatment processes

The application of the photocatalysis process in pollution control has attracted a lot of interest due to the growing seriousness of environmental water problems. Photocatalysis technology has quickly risen to the forefront of sustainable wastewater treatments thanks to rapid advances in the development of innovative photocatalysts, in which solar energy can be stored, transported, and converted into chemical form. This comprehensive report summarizes the latest progress in the design and application of semiconductor photocatalysis systems for boosted removal of environmental pollutants and enhanced photoreaction mechanisms. The current work introduces deep concepts about the electron transfer mechanism that were not discussed in previous works, supported by experimental characterizations and DFT theoretical calculations. Furthermore, the recent advances in the detoxification of wastewater pollutants and the generation of reactive species have been highlighted and reinforced by a huge amount of impactful literature. Beyond that, the degradation pathways, structure optimization, and toxicity assessment of organic pollutants have been argued using LC-MS, DFT calculation, and the Toxicity Estimation Software Tool. Intensively, the latest developments in the design and construction of heterojunction systems, like Z-scheme heterojunction, Schottky heterojunction, Type I/Type II heterojunctions, and p-n heterojunction, were described in detail. The experimental and DFT theoretical technologies confirmed that the creation of the heterojunction plays a crucial role in accelerating electron migration and upgrading the photocatalytic mechanism. On the other hand, our review discusses some common types of composite photocatalysts, like metal oxide-based photocatalysts, bismuth-based photocatalysts, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-based photocatalysts. Moreover, several environmental factors that impact the photocatalytic reaction, including pH, pollutant concentration, photocatalyst loading, the effect of scavengers, and light power, are explained in detail. This summary may be helpful for readers in providing comprehensive information about photocatalysis systems and their sustainable advantages. 

The latest progress in the design and application of semiconductor photocatalysis systems for degradation of environmental pollutants in wastewater: Mechanism insight and theoretical calculations

Abstract Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on the generation of reactive radicals are widely accepted to be effective technologies for mineralizing refractory organic contaminants or pretreating bio-recalcitrant compounds. The efficiencies of AOPs suffer from the low availability of ultrashort lifetime radicals due to their rapid self-quenching, mass transfer and nonselective limitations. Heterogeneous AOPs are hampered due to the declining activity and stability of catalysts resulting from aggregation, leakage and poisoning. The effectiveness, selectivity and reactivity of highly reactive species of AOPs can be greatly enhanced when the oxidation reactions are conducted in confined nanospaces. The stability, accessibility, variety and activity of nanoconfined catalysts would be improved by confining the nanoparticle catalysts inside porous scaffolds or substrates. Other confined systems, such as surface confinement, quantum confinement and electron confinement, have also been applied in different AOPs to improve the contaminant degradation performance. The above-mentioned nanoconfinement applications in AOPs are systematically summarized in this critical review. Prospects and challenges are presented to stimulate future interest and breakthroughs for nanoconfinement in AOPs. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Nanoconfinement in advanced oxidation processes

Reasonable design of heterojunction band structure and strengthening of the photothermal effect is an important method to promote the photothermal-assisted photocatalytic H2 production activity of photocatalysts. Herein, a composite material named as Co3O4/CNNVs S-scheme heterojunction nanoreactor was constructed by loading Co3O4 nanoparticles on the surface of g-C3N4 nanovesicles (CNNVs) through a simple hydrothermal method and used to achieve efficient photothermal-assisted photocatalytic H2 production. In the absence of Pt as a cocatalyst, Co3O4/CNNVs-22.5 exhibited a photocatalytic H2 production rate up to 772.9 μmol g-1h−1 under irradiation with a 300 W Xenon lamp, which is much higher than that of pure CNNVs (15.5 μmol g-1h−1). In the Co3O4/CNNVs photothermal-assisted photocatalytic system, the synergistic effect of the strong photothermal effect of Co3O4 nanoparticles and the thermal insulation effect of hollow CNNVs nanoreactor was shown to be the main reasons for promoting the surface temperature increase of the heterojunction photocatalyst, which effectively facilitates the separation and transfer of photo-generated carriers, thus increasing the photocatalytic H2 production. In addition, the S-scheme heterojunction formed between Co3O4 and CNNVs optimize the charge transfer path. This work presents a reasonable design of highly efficient photocatalyst with a S-scheme heterojunction nanoreactor for the photothermal-assisted photocatalysis. 

Construction of S-scheme heterojunction catalytic nanoreactor for boosted photothermal-assisted photocatalytic H2 production

Advancements in S-scheme heterojunction materials for photocatalytic environmental remediation

FeOx nanoclusters decorated TiO2 for boosting white LED driven photocatalytic Fenton-like norfloxacin degradation

This study reports a nanoconfined flow-through electro-Fenton system for the highly efficient decontamination of aqueous micropollutants. The key to such a system is a functional electroactive CNT cathodic filter with...

CNT Encapsulated MnOx for Enhanced Flow-through Electro-Fenton: The Involvement of Mn(IV)

Carbon Nanosphere-Encapsulated Fe Core–Shell Structures for Catalytic CO2 Hydrogenation

Regulation of the NADH supply by nuoE deletion and pncB overexpression to enhance hydrogen production in Enterobacter aerogenes

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Ping Lu

Author Tools

Chat about Author