The purpose of this paper is to give an explicit description, in terms of hypergeometric functions over finite fields, of the zeta functions of certain smooth hypersurfaces that generalize the Dwork family. The key point here is that we count the number of rational points employing both the techniques of character sums and the theory of weights, which enables us to enlighten the calculation of the zeta function.

Monomial deformations of certain hypersurfaces and two hypergeometric functions

Let $\mathbb{F}_q$ be a finite field with $q$ elements, $\psi$ a non-zero element of $\mathbb{F}_q$, and $n$ an integer $\geq 3$ prime to $q$. The aim of this article is to show that the zeta function of the projective variety over $\mathbb{F}_q$ defined by $X_\psi \colon x_1^n+\dots+x_n^n - n \psi x_1\dots x_n=0$ has, when $n$ is prime and $X_\psi$ is non singular (i.e. when $\psi^n \neq 1$), an explicit decomposition in factors coming from affine varieties of odd dimension $\leq n-4$ which are of hypergeometric type. The method we use consists in counting separately the number of points of $X_\psi$ and of some varieties of the preceding type and then compare them. This article answers, at least when $n$ is prime, a question asked by D.~Wan in his article ``Mirror Symmetry for Zeta Functions''.

/pdf/an-explicit-factorisation-of-the-zeta-functions-of-dwork-25vnchoyd0.pdf

An explicit factorisation of the zeta functions of Dwork hypersurfaces

We describe how to find period integrals and Picard-Fuchs differential equations for certain one-parameter families of Calabi-Yau manifolds. These families can be seen as varieties over a finite field, in which case we show in an explicit example that the number of points of a generic element can be given in terms of p-adic period integrals. We also discuss several approaches to finding zeta functions of mirror manifolds and their factorizations. These notes are based on lectures given at the Fields Institute during the thematic program on Calabi-Yau Varieties: Arithmetic, Geometry, and Physics.

Introduction to Arithmetic Mirror Symmetry

In this paper, we determine mod $2$ Galois representations $\overline{\rho}_{\psi,2}:G_K:={\rm Gal}(\overline{K}/K)\longrightarrow {\rm GSp}_4(\mathbb{F}_2)$ associated to the mirror motives of rank 4 with pure weight 3 coming from the Dwork quintic family $$X^5_0+X^5_1+X^5_2+X^5_3+X^5_4-5\psi X_0X_1X_2X_3X_4=0,\ \psi\in K$$ defined over a number field $K$ under the irreducibility condition of the quintic trinomial $f_\psi$ below. Applying this result, when $K=F$ is a totally real field, for some at most qaudratic totally real extension $M/F$, we prove that $\overline{\rho}_{\psi,2}|_{G_M}$ is associated to a Hilbert-Siegel modular Hecke eigen cusp form for ${\rm GSp}_4(\mathbb{A}_M)$ of parallel weight three. 
In the course of the proof, we observe that the image of such a mod $2$ representation is governed by reciprocity of the quintic trinomial $$f_\psi(x)=4x^5-5\psi x^4+1,\ \psi\in K$$ whose decomposition field is generically of type 5-th symmetric group $S_5$. This enable us to use results on the modularity of 2-dimensional, totally odd Artin representations of ${\rm Gal}(\overline{F}/F)$ due to Shu Sasaki and several Langlands functorial lifts for Hilbert cusp forms. Then, it guarantees the existence of a desired Hilbert-Siegel modular cusp form of parallel weight three matching with the Hodge type of the compatible system in question.

Automorphy of mod 2 Galois representations associated to the quintic Dwork family and reciprocity of some quintic trinomials

We compute the Artin $L$-function of a diagonal hypersurface D_{\lambda} over a finite field associated to a character of a finite group acting on D_{\lambda} , and under some condition, express it in terms of hypergeometric functions and Jacobi sums over the finite field. As an application, we consider the Dwork hypersurfaces and obtain relations among certain hypergeometric functions over different finite fields.

Artin $L$-functions of diagonal hypersurfaces and generalized hypergeometric functions over finite fields

pdf/isotypic-decomposition-of-the-cohomology-and-factorization-2oygyiibbk.pdf

Isotypic decomposition of the cohomology and factorization of the zeta functions of Dwork hypersurfaces

On the zeta function of a family of quintics

The aim of this article is to illustrate, on the example of Dwork hypersurfaces, how the study of the representation of a finite group of automorphisms of a hypersurface in its etale cohomology allows to factor its zeta function.

Isotypic Decomposition of the Cohomology and Factorization of the Zeta Functions of Dwork Hypersurfaces

In this article, we give a proof of the link between the zeta function of two families of hypergeometric curves and the zeta function of a family of quintics that was observed numerically by Candelas, de la Ossa, and Rodriguez Villegas. The method we use is based on formulas of Koblitz and various Gauss sums identities; it does not give any geometric information on the link.

pdf/on-the-zeta-function-of-a-family-of-quintics-1g0wtmol9w.pdf

On the Zeta Function of a Family of Quintics

Let $\mathbb{F}_q$ be a finite field with $q$ elements, $\psi$ a non-zero element of $\mathbb{F}_q$, and $n$ an integer $\geq 3$ prime to $q$. The aim of this article is to show that the zeta function of the projective variety over $\mathbb{F}_q$ defined by $X_\psi \colon x_1^n+...+x_n^n - n \psi x_1... x_n=0$ has, when $n$ is prime and $X_\psi$ is non singular (i.e. when $\psi^n \neq 1$), an explicit decomposition in factors coming from affine varieties of odd dimension $\leq n-4$ which are of hypergeometric type. The method we use consists in counting separately the number of points of $X_\psi$ and of some varieties of the preceding type and then compare them. This article answers, at least when $n$ is prime, a question asked by D. Wan in his article "Mirror Symmetry for Zeta Functions".

Zeta function factorisation, Dwork hypersurfaces, hypergeometric hypersurfaces

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