We explore and analyze competition between actors that stem from different industries Using an inter-industry focus, we explore competitive parameters between rivals that differ substantially in their resource endowments, organizational structures, practices, and cognitive schemes The inter-industry focus is also important because many industries are converging and thus instil competitive interaction between actors that were traditionally separated by industry boundaries The empirical context for this study is the competitive interaction between airlines and railways in Germany Based on expert interviews and grounded theory analysis, we elucidate the role of awareness, motivation and capability as drivers of competitive actions

Competitive Dynamics Across Industries: An Analysis of Inter-Industry Competition in German Passenger Transportation

We explore and analyze competition between actors that stem from different industries. Using an inter-industry focus, we explore competitive parameters between rivals that differ substantially in their resource endowments, organizational structures, practices, and cognitive schemes. The inter-industry focus is also important because many industries are converging and thus instil competitive interaction between actors that were traditionally separated by industry boundaries. The empirical context for this study is the competitive interaction between airlines and railways in Germany. Based on expert interviews and grounded theory analysis, we elucidate the role of awareness, motivation and capability as drivers of competitive actions.

/pdf/competitive-dynamics-across-industries-an-analysis-of-inter-3eli7q532t.pdf

Competitive Dynamics across Industries: An Analysis of Inter-Industry Competition in German Passenger Transportation

Over the past decade the Internet has changed our today’s society more than any other medium since the invention of television. The recent evolvement of the Internet as a new major distribution channel has obtained much attention, as the online channel calls the viability of traditional stationary retailing into question. Today, since innovation is a key factor in the Digital Age, the presence in the digital marketplace is essential for retailers, also in the food retailing. In the UK and other European economies e-grocery continues to grow, while in Germany the e-grocery business lags behind the European average, which points to reasonable growth potential here. Online food retailing, however, poses several challenges. There is a general lack of reality proven business models and of practical experience in consumer’s needs and demands, which renders the development of a successful e-grocery strategy difficult. In order to live up to the customers’ expectations and develop a profitable business model, the e-grocer has to know about the customers’ demands on online food retailing. The main objective of this paper is to understand customers’ motives behind grocery shopping online and offline. The paper first researches into the German food retailing with its market characteristics and the Status Quo of e-grocery in Germany by researching data from market research institutes and official bodies. The paper then examines the customers’ perceptions of grocery shopping online as well as offline in a survey. Finally, a conclusion on the prospects for an e-grocery business strategy to successfully meet the consumer’s needs and demands is drawn.

E-Grocery as New Innovative Distribution Channel in the German Food Retailing

Business networks are cooperative entities formed by more than two firms in order to generate competitive advantages for each member. They often operate in dynamic contexts to which they need to adapt. Some of these dynamics result from other business networks’ actions of adaptation and strategic maneuvering, constituting forms of competition between such networks. This chapter introduces three specific forms of such competition: (1) competition in network formation, (2) competition in network composition, and (3) competition in network governance; it explains each of these network competition forms, presents one exemplary research study for each and suggest implications for network and corporate management.

https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/88414/1/772036004.pdf

Cooperation and competition dynamics of business networks: A strategic management perspective

In the world of urban mobility and logistics, new technologies are spreading and are deeply changing the way in which this business is conducted. These technologies are based on three factors. The first one is the growth of city population i.e. the increasing number of customers in the same area that decreases the delivery costs. Nowadays, UN [103] calculates that the 54 % of the world’s population lives in cities and this percentage is expected to grow to 66 % by 2050. The second factor is the development and diffusion of technologies that enable industries as well as customers to directly interact without the need of resellers i.e. smart-phones. A new business model based on this opportunity is social engagement, it consists of the request by the companies to the people to perform part of their job in exchange for a reward. Another example is e-grocer which is changing the way the grocery business is conducted. It allows people to purchase groceries online and to receive them at home or in given centers. The flow of operations of this business channel is the following: customers order groceries using websites or mobile applications, the orders are executed by the company (basically, for each order, the company has to collect in a single container all the groceries ordered by the customers), then the containers with the goods are delivered to the customers, either directly to their user house or to a collection point. The third factor is Internet of Things (IoT), a new paradigm that enriches instruments with the capabilities of collecting data and to communicate with other devices. This technology is already spreading in several applications. In

Integrating sensors data in optimization methods for sustainable urban logistic

Online food retailing is high on the current agendas of European retailers – again. Many companies tried to enter and conquer this market in the beginning of 2000’s when e-commerce was seen as revolutionizing not only the retail business, but the way in which business is conducted in general. Many of these pioneers of online food retailing failed and when the e-commerce bubble burst, online food retailing was almost forgotten in many European countries, inter alia, in Germany. However in some countries retailers not only managed to survive, but to provide value to customers and develop a new market. Online grocery sales per capita in the UK, Switzerland and Belgium are €82, €23 and €18 respectively, while they reach only €2 in Germany. This is surprising since no major structural characteristics can be identified to mitigate internet-based retailing in Germany compared, say, to the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom can be clearly considered as the most developed online food retailing market worldwide, with €5.5 billion market sales of online groceries in 2010. In contrast, online grocery sales in Germany are estimated at only €200 million, which is nearly 27 times less than that of its European neighbor (A.T. Kearney Research, 2011). Also in relative terms the UK online grocery market represent around 4.5% of the total grocery market, compared to only 0.2% in Germany. The German market lags behind other European markets in online food retailing, and our analysis hints at a significant growth potential here. In this study that is based on expert interviews with representatives of large retailers and a survey of more than 600 respondents we identify the reasons for customers’ hesitant approach to online retailing and identify strategic options for retailers to successfully operate in this promising segment of the retail industry, that will develop rapidly.

https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/59787/1/689544596.pdf

Concepts, challenges and market potential for online food retailing in Germany

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Concepts, challenges and market potential for online food retailing in Germany