Oncogene-induced cellular senescence constitutes a strong anti-proliferative response, which can be set in motion following either oncogene activation or loss of tumour suppressor signalling. It serves to limit the expansion of early neoplastic cells and as such is a potent cancer-protective response to oncogenic events. Recently emerging evidence points to a crucial role in oncogene-induced cellular senescence for the 'senescence-messaging secretome' or SMS, setting the stage for cross-talk between senescent cells and their environment. How are such signals integrated into a coordinated response and what are the implications of this unexpected finding?

Senescence-messaging secretome: SMS-ing cellular stress

In the year 2003 there was a 17% increase in the number of publications citing work performed using optical biosensor technology compared with the previous year. We collated the 962 total papers for 2003, identified the geographical regions where the work was performed, highlighted the instrument types on which it was carried out, and segregated the papers by biological system. In this overview, we spotlight 13 papers that should be on everyone's 'must read' list for 2003 and provide examples of how to identify and interpret high-quality biosensor data. Although we still find that the literature is replete with poorly performed experiments, over-interpreted results and a general lack of understanding of data analysis, we are optimistic that these shortcomings will be addressed as biosensor technology continues to mature.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jmr.753

Survey of the year 2003 commercial optical biosensor literature

The immune system must be highly regulated to obtain optimal immune responses for the elimination of pathogens without causing undue side effects. This tight regulation involves complex interactions between membrane proteins on leukocytes. Members of the signal-regulatory protein (SIRP) family, which are expressed mainly by myeloid cells, provide one example of these regulatory membrane proteins. There are three SIRP-family genes that encode proteins that have similar extracellular regions but different signalling potentials, and are therefore known as 'paired receptors'. In this Review, we describe recent studies defining the ligands of the SIRP-family members, with particular emphasis on relating the molecular interactions of these proteins to their role in immune-cell regulation.

The SIRP family of receptors and immune regulation.

Emmprin (basigin, CD147) is a cell surface glycoprotein that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. It is highly expressed on the surface of tumor cells and stimulates adjacent fibroblasts or tumor cells to produce matrix metalloproteinases. Moreover, it has recently been shown that emmprin also stimulates expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and hyaluronan, which leads to angiogenesis and anchorage-independent growth/multidrug resistance, respectively. These findings have made emmprin an important molecule in tumor progression and, thus, more attractive as a target for antitumor treatment. However, other functions of emmprin, including as an activator of T cells, a chaperone for monocarboxylate transporters, a receptor for cyclophilin A and a neural recognition molecule, are also being identified in physiological and pathological conditions. Therefore, it is essential to develop specific means to control particular functions of emmprin, for which elucidation of each mechanism is crucial. This review will discuss the role of emmprin in tumor progression and recent advances in the molecular mechanisms of diverse phenomena regulated by emmprin.

Emmprin (basigin/CD147): Matrix metalloproteinase modulator and multifunctional cell recognition molecule that plays a critical role in cancer progression

CD147 immunoglobulin superfamily receptor function and role in pathology

CD147 is a broadly expressed cell surface glycoprotein of the Ig superfamily whose expression is up-regulated upon T cell activation. In order to elucidate a possible role of CD147 in T cell biology, we established 15 specific mAb. Seven distinct epitopes were defined by the mAb panel. Most of the mAb bound only to phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-activated but not resting T cells. We demonstrate that this was not because of true expression of activation-dependent neoepitopes but rather due to bivalent binding of the relatively low-affinity mAb (affinity constant KA values between 2.25 x 10(8) and 7 x 10(9) M-1) to the more densely expressed and/or more clustered CD147 molecules on the activated T cells. In contrast, the mAb with higher affinity (KA > 7 x 10(9) M-1) could stably bind in a monovalent fashion even to the relatively low dense CD147 molecules on resting T cells. This model might more generally explain the nature of 'activation epitopes' described previously in other leukocyte surface molecules. Finally, we provide evidence that induction of ordered dimerization of CD147 by a mAb directed to a unique epitope results in strong inhibition of CD3-mediated T cell activation.

/pdf/t-cell-activation-associated-epitopes-of-cd147-in-regulation-34hohin54p.pdf

T cell activation-associated epitopes of CD147 in regulation of the T cell response, and their definition by antibody affinity and antigen density

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), a key modulator of endothelial cell apoptosis, must be activated from the latent form (LTGF-β) to induce biological responses. In the present study, we report activation of TGF-β by functional and physical co-operation of the mannose-6-phosphate/insulin-like-growth-factor-II receptor (CD222) and the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (CD87). We show that endothelial cells express CD222 and CD87 in a membrane complex and demonstrate that the association of these two receptors is essential for the release of active TGF-β in the transduced mouse fibroblast used as model cells. By contrast, smooth-muscle cells, which express CD222 and CD87 at similar density to endothelial cells but not in complexed form, do not activate TGF-β. We also have found that mini-plasminogen is a high-affinity ligand for CD222 and is essential for the activation of TGF-β by the CD87-CD222 complex to induce apoptosis in endothelial cells. This specific mechanism of TGF-β-mediated apoptosis in endothelial cells is thus a potential novel target to be considered for treatment of pathological vascular disorders (e.g. tumor angiogenesis).

TGF-β-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells mediated by M6P/IGFII-R and mini-plasminogen

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Peter Steinlein

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

T cell activation-associated epitopes of CD147 in regulation of the T cell response, and their definition by antibody affinity and antigen density

TGF-β-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells mediated by M6P/IGFII-R and mini-plasminogen