Consolidation phenomena in laser and powder-bed based layered manufacturing

The present disclosure provides three-dimensional (3D) objects, 3D printing processes, as well as methods, apparatuses and systems for the production of a 3D object. Methods, apparatuses and systems of the present disclosure may reduce or eliminate the need for auxiliary supports. The present disclosure provides three dimensional (3D) objects printed utilizing the printing processes, methods, apparatuses and systems described herein.

Apparatuses, systems and methods for three-dimensional printing

The present disclosure provides three-dimensional (3D) printing methods, apparatuses, and systems using, inter alia, a controller that regulates formation of at least one 3D object (e.g., in real time during the 3D printing); and a non-transitory computer-readable medium facilitating the same. For example, a controller that regulates a deformation of at least a portion of the 3D object. The control may be in situ control. The control may be real-time control during the 3D printing process. For example, the control may be during a physical-attribute pulse. The present disclosure provides various methods, apparatuses, systems and software for estimating the fundamental length scale of a melt pool, and for various tools that increase the accuracy of the 3D printing.

Accurate three-dimensional printing

A process and apparatus for free form fabrication of a three-dimensional work piece comprising (a) feeding raw material in a solid state to a first predetermined location; (b) depositing the raw material onto a substrate as a molten pool deposit under a first processing condition; (c) monitoring the molten pool deposit for a preselected condition; (d) comparing information about the preselected condition of the monitored molten pool deposit with a predetermined desired value for the preselected condition of the monitored molten pool deposit; (e) solidifying the molten pool deposit; (f) automatically altering the first processing condition to a different processing condition based upon information obtained from the comparing step (d); and repeating steps (a) through (f) at one or more second locations for building up layer by layer a three-dimensional work piece. The apparatus is characterized by a detector that monitors a preselected condition of the deposited material and a closed loop electronic control device for controlling operation of one or more components of the apparatus in response to a detected condition by the detector.

Electron beam layer manufacturing

The present disclosure various apparatuses, and systems for 3D printing. The present disclosure provides three-dimensional (3D) printing methods, apparatuses, software and systems for a step and repeat energy irradiation process; controlling material characteristics and/or deformation of the 3D object; reducing deformation in a printed 3D object; and planarizing a material bed.

Skillful Three-Dimensional Printing

The invention relates to a method and to a device for producing a 3D object by means of a generative 3D-method, for example, selective laser sintering (SLS) and selective laser melting (SLM). An infrared sensor can be cross-flown by a tempered fluid in order to prevent said infrared sensor ( 6 ), which is provided in the process chamber ( 1 ) of the device, from being impaired by monomer deposits, oligomers or solid material particles during the construction thereof.

Method and device for producing a 3d object by means of a generative 3d-method

The invention relates to a device and a method for the layered production of a three-dimensional object from a powdery building material. In addition to a first energy source, the energy of which is used to selectively bond the respective layers, the invention employs a second energy source, the energy of which is used to heat the building region 10 in order to prevent the occurrence of large temperature gradients.

Device and method for the layered production of a three-dimensional object

Abstract: A new powder material for the SLS (Selective Laser Sintering) process was recently released. The material is a result of fruitful research programs involving industry and university. The well known and widely used DuraFomTM (PA12) and theCastFormTM (PS) SLS-materials were developed by the same team. In the search for new powder materials many properties of the candidate polymer, e.g. the pulverization, the laser absorption and sintering parameters have to be tuned carefully. Previous Elastomer options materials were poor in strength, detailing, and long-term use. The new product overcomes most of the known deficits. It open completely new practices in many branches like: automotive, house appliances, office equipment, foot ware, medical, and many more. The Sintaflex has a Shore hardness variability 45-75 A and Elongation up to around 300%. The attainable yield strength range is 1.3 4.2 MPa. The resolution on the SLS part is up to 0.6 mm. It is positioned in good agreement compared with other commonly used injection plastics. Furthermore, the appeal of all SFF process beside geometry and complexity is thought in varying locally the mechanical properties. Some published patents make suggestions in this direction. The new material, due to the particular properties range in function of the sintering parameter, allows first time to realize this wish. The generated part has controlled variable local properties; a new and unique opportunity opens for the SLS process. The paper describes the basic material properties. Further the main sintering parameters are describes and indications on machine settings are given. RP (Rapid Prototyping) applications and the recent practical experience are illustrated. Distinctive examples of local variable properties in the same part and given limits are shown. Some conclusions are stated.

Controlled Local Properties in the Same Part with Sintaflex A New Elastomer Powder Material for the SLS Process

Apparatus for producing objects using a generative method, e.g. selective laser sintering, comprises: (A) a process chamber (1) in which the object is built in stages; (B) a system for applying powder (3, 4) in layers to a target surface (2) in the process chamber and melting it; and (C) a component which transmits electromagnetic radiation into the process chamber or detecting radiation from it. A mist of heated fluid is generated between the electromagnetic component and the process chamber. An independent claim is included for a method for producing objects using a generative method in which layers of material are applied to a target surface and melted, electromagnetic radiation being fed into the process chamber or the temperature of the surface being measured by detection of the radiation from it.

Apparatus for producing objects using generative method, e.g. selective laser sintering, has system for generating mist of fluid between electromagnetic component and process chamber

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines dreidimensionalen Gegenstands durch ein generatives 3D-Verfahren, wie z.B. selektives Laser-Sintern (selective laser sintering, SLS), selektives Laser-Schmelzen (selective laser melting, SLM). Um zu verhindern, dass ein in der Prozesskammer 1 der Vorrichtung vorhandener Infrarot-Sensor 6 wahrend eines Bauvorgangs durch Niederschlage aus Monomeren, Oligomeren oder Feststoffpartikeln in seiner Funktion beeintrachtigt wird ist dieser erfindungsgemass von einem temperierten Fluid umstrombar.

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines dreidimensionalen gegenstands durch ein generatives 3d-verfahren

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