A method includes identifying a white space at a first wireless node and selecting a channel in the identified white space. The white space includes at least one frequency or frequency band not in use (like a licensed frequency or frequency band). The method also includes identifying at the first wireless node a channel access factor for each of multiple wireless nodes including the first wireless node. The method further includes determining if the first wireless node has a specified channel access factor. In addition, the method includes transmitting data from the first wireless node on the channel when the first wireless node has the specified channel access factor. The channel access factors can be identified and the determination whether the first wireless node has the specified channel access factor can be performed without using control signals transmitted between the wireless nodes. The channel access factor could represent a hash function value.

Apparatus and method for medium access control in wireless communication networks

Numerous embodiments are provided that may be used to provide enhanced capacity and/or Quality-of-Service for OFDM-based systems such as LTE and/or WiMAX. Various service/device modes and/or applications are also provided. According to embodiments of the invention, a transformation may be performed on a data vector by a transmitter, prior to the transmitter transmitting the data vector, to distribute elements of the data vector over an available frequency space, thus providing robustness to channel anomalies such as fading and/or interference. The transformation may be based upon a Fourier transform or a truncated Butler matrix. At a receiver, an inverse of the transformation may be applied to recover data. The receiver and/or transmitter may be configured with an antenna array that may comprise a two-dimensional lattice of antenna elements, and may further be configured to estimate a number of resolvable signal paths and to form a spatial filter/rake that is matched to the number of resolvable signal paths. Embodiments relating to architectures, systems, methods, devices, software, firmware and/or computer program products are provided.

Increased capacity communications for OFDM-based wireless communications systems/methods/devices

Disclosed is a method for allowing a terminal to receive a downlink signal from a base station in a wireless communication system. More specifically, the method comprises the steps of: receiving a first control channel which indicates the location information of a resource allocated to a second control channel; receiving the second control channel, on the basis of a control format indicator contained in the first control channel; and obtaining a downlink grant and/or an uplink grant contained in the second control channel, wherein the second control channel is allocated with the resource contained in a data region of a specific subframe.

Method for transmitting and receiving downlink control information in wireless communication system and device therefor

Systems, methods and/or mobile devices are provided that enable a level of privacy/security in wireless communications to be increased responsive to a content of the wireless communications, biometric data and/or a position from which the wireless communications takes place. A plurality of communications modes is used by the system infrastructure and the plurality of mobile devices communicating therewith to increase privacy and undetectability of transmitted signals. The increased level of privacy and undetectability of signals is provided via pseudo-randomly generated signaling alphabets that are used by the mobile devices and by the system infrastructure to provide the communications. This represents a level of encryption/scrambling that is over and above the conventional encryption and/or scrambling at the bit level. Accordingly, systems, methods and/or devices providing a concatenated level of encryption/scrambling are provided.

Systems and/or methods of increased privacy wireless communications

An approach is provided for providing privacy in cognitive radio information sharing. A cognitive radio privacy platform receives a request, from a device, for performing one or more operations on cognitive radio information stored in at least one information space. The cognitive radio privacy platform also determines one or more privacy policies associated with the device, the one or more operations, the cognitive radio information, the at least one information space, or a combination thereof. The cognitive radio privacy platform further processes and/or facilitates a processing of the one or more privacy policies to determine an availability, a restriction, or a combination thereof of the cognitive radio information. The cognitive radio privacy platform also causes, at least in part, the performing of the one or more operations based, at least in part, on the availability, the restriction, or a combination thereof of the cognitive radio information.

Method and apparatus for providing privacy in cognitive radio information sharing

Communications systems and/or methods are disclosed that can provide extreme privacy, cognitive radio capability, robustness to fading and interference, communications performance associated with M-ary orthonormal signaling and/or high multiple-access capacity. Embodiments can use spread-spectrum waveforms that are featureless, devoid of chipping and devoid of cyclostationary signatures, statistically indistinguishable from thermal noise and able to cognitively fit within any available frequency space (narrow-band, broad-band, contiguous, non-contiguous). Some embodiments maintain all desirable features of classical direct-sequence spread-spectrum communications while providing new dimensions that are important to communications systems. Embodiments of the invention can provide M-ary orthonormal signaling with chipless spread-spectrum waveforms to provide extreme covertness and privacy. Moreover, embodiments of the invention may be used to cognitively and covertly utilize spectrum resources at minimal impact to incumbent users. Further embodiments may be used to provide minimum interference, opportunistic, “white space spectrum” communications.

Wireless communications systems and/or methods providing low interference, high privacy and/or cognitive flexibility

Systems and/or methods are disclosed for generating a waveform that comprises a plurality of elements by using a Fourier transform and/or an inverse Fourier transform. The waveform that comprises the plurality of elements may be transmitted by transmitting, sequentially in time, the plurality of elements. In some embodiments, the Fourier transform and/or inverse Fourier transform comprises a Fast Fourier Transform and/or Inverse Fast Fourier Transform and the waveform that comprises the plurality of elements may be transmitted by using, sequentially in time, the plurality of elements to modulate a sinusoidal waveform.

Waveforms comprising a plurality of elements and transmission thereof

An available signal space, whether it is a priori specified or is cognitively determined based upon an assessment of frequency utilization, serves to provide a number of signal dimensions which may be occupied by a number of pseudo-randomly generated waveforms. The number of pseudo-randomly generated waveforms may be based upon a key input to a pseudo-random number generator and a desired statistical distribution and may be subjected to an orthogonalization procedure to produce a respective number of orthogonal pseudo-random waveforms which may serve as a communications alphabet. A specific data sequence to be communicated may be associated with a respective specific element/member of the orthogonal pseudo-random waveforms and that specific element/member may be transmitted in lieu of the specific data sequence. Systems/methods of spread-spectrum communications that are substationally devoid of revealing signatures such as chipping and cyclostationarity are presented, offering increased privacy, reduced detectability and reduced exploitation of communications.

Private, covert and/or cognitive communications systems and/or methods based upon pseudo-randomly generated communications alphabets

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Wireless communications systems and/or methods providing low interference, high privacy and/or cognitive flexibility

Waveforms comprising a plurality of elements and transmission thereof

Private, covert and/or cognitive communications systems and/or methods based upon pseudo-randomly generated communications alphabets