Excessive anthropogenic nutrient inputs often lead to the degradation of wetland ecosystems and a decrease in carbon sink capacity. Microbial-derived carbon is increasingly recognized as an important precursor for organic carbon formation, which is controlled by the balance between microbial anabolic and catabolic processes. Shifts in microbial metabolic investment under nutrient load disturbance are key, but understudied, components of microbial-derived carbon turnover. Here, the roles of the distinct life-history traits and cooperation degree of key microbial assemblies in regulating microbial-derived carbon accumulation in a wetland receiving treated wastewater were firstly assessed by combining microbial biomarkers and genomic approaches. It was found that microbial-derived carbon was an important source of organic carbon in wetlands, and strongly associated with several microbial assemblies with specific trait strategies. Further analysis demonstrated that high growth yield strategists were mainly associated with microbial necromass accrual, while microbial biomass was more dominated by resource acquisition strategies in nutrient-imbalanced wetlands. A significant positive relationship between positive cohesion and microbial-derived carbon indicated that cooperative behavior among taxa promoted the production and accumulation of microbial-derived carbon. Moreover, resource stoichiometric balance, including C:N and C:P, was identified as an important driver of shifts in microbial metabolic investment strategies. The decreased C:N ratio led to a shift from resource acquisition strategies to high growth yield strategies for the microbial community, which facilitated microbial necromass accrual along the N-limited wetland, while the increased C:P ratio caused by excessive P deposition in sediments limits microbial cooperative growth to some extent. This study highlighted the importance of stoichiometric balance in mediating microbial growth metabolism and, in turn, enhancing the carbon sink capacity of wetlands. 

How nutrient loads influence microbial-derived carbon accumulation in wetlands: A new insight from microbial metabolic investment strategies.

Abstract Environmental contamination by hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and antibiotic drug residues pose significant challenges to public health and ecosystems. This study investigates the application of CoTiO 3 /BiVO 4 @MIL-Fe(53) (CT/BV@Fe-MOF) for the reduction of Cr(VI) and degradation of tetracycline (TCL) under visible light. After grafting an iron-based metal–organic framework MIL-Fe(53) on a modified CoTiO 3 /BiVO 4 composite, the photogenerated electrons could easily be transferred from CoTiO 3 to BiVO 4 /Fe-MOF species via interfacial charge transfer. UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy showed that charge carriers were formed in response to visible light absorption. The effect of different operating parameters, including catalyst load, pH, initial Cr(VI), and TCL concentration, was systematically evaluated during the photocatalytic process. The CT/BV@Fe-MOF composite exhibited 98.7% reduction efficiency in Cr(VI) (50 ppm) and 97.5% degradation efficiency towards TCL (30 ppm) within 90 min, resulting in a greater efficiency than the pristine CoTiO 3 , BiVO 4 , and Fe-MOF materials. The CT/BV@Fe-MOF composite displayed excellent stability over six cycles, highlighting its potential for practical applications. In addition, the plausible degradation pathway of TCL was evaluated using LC-ESI/MS analysis, while the TEST program was utilized to investigate the toxicity of the products generated during the degradation process. 

pdf/unlocking-the-unique-catalysts-of-cotio3-bivo4-mil-fe-53-for-3xl6kcepbs.pdf

Unlocking the unique catalysts of CoTiO3/BiVO4@MIL-Fe(53) for improving Cr(VI) reduction and tetracycline degradation

The current study uses an economical and ecologically friendly method to produce gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) using Polygala elongata leaf (PEL) extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized materials were characterized using a range of methods, including as BET analysis, TEM-SAED, FT-IR, UV–Vis, and XRD. Biogenic AuNPs' spherical form was shown by SEM and TEM investigations, which also showed that the particles' size range was 10–20 nm, their distribution was homogeneous, and there observed minimal aggregation. The production of biogenic AuNPs was confirmed by the observation of a surface plasmon resonance peak in the absorption spectra, which was detected at 540 nm. Additionally, studies were conducted on the catalytic, cytotoxic, antioxidant, and anticancer characteristics of biogenic AuNPs. The biogenic AuNPs exhibited adaptable applications as a heterogeneous catalyst, achieving percentage degradations of 73 % and 88 % under UV light irradiation, particularly in catalyzing the reduction of Methylene Blue (MeB). Furthermore, the antioxidant properties were evaluated using DPPH free radical scavenging assay in regarding rutin, a widely used antioxidant. With a cytotoxicity value of 500 µg/ml, the produced AuNPs had a strong dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the development of the lung cancer cell line (A549). Therefore, biogenic AuNPs hold potential applications across various research domains, spanning biological and industrial sectors, as well as in the removal of harmful contaminants in water purification. 

Sunlight-driven photocatalytic and anticancer properties of biogenic synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) employing Polygala elongata

The current research presents SnSe/Ag-polyaniline (Ag-PANI) heterojunction as S-scheme heterostructures with strong photocatalytic performance to degrade dye and antibiotic molecules under visible light irradiation. In the first step, the PANI composites have been functionalized by Ag NPs. Then, the SnSe/Ag-PANI heterojunction was produced by the co-precipitation method. In addition, the pristine SnSe NPs and SnSe/PANI heterojunction were also synthesized under similar conditions. Surface plasmon resonances (SPR) of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) on the photocatalytic performance of the SnSe/Ag-PANI heterojunction were investigated. The degradation time of more than 95 % of methylene blue (MB) dye was reduced from 60 min for the pristine SnSe NPS to 50 min for the SnSe/Ag-PANI heterojunction. In addition, the SnSe/Ag-PANI presented a higher photocatalytic performance than other samples to remove 99 % of the tetracycline (TC) antibiotic for 105 min. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the products indicated that the PANI and Ag-PANI composites changed the growth direction of the SnSe, and a Se peak as an external peak was observed in the XRD patterns of the SnSe/Ag-PANI and SnSe/PANI heterojunctions. Bands and Fermi levels (Ef) alignment of the SnSe, Se, and PANI structures indicated a dual S-scheme heterostructure has been formed by SnSe/Se/PANI and SnSe/Se/Ag-PANI heterojunctions. 

The surface plasmon resonance effects of Ag NPs on photocatalytic performance of S-scheme SnSe/Ag-polyaniline heterojunction to degrade methylene blue dye and tetracycline antibiotic

Photocatalytic N2 conversion to NH3 is a green, sustainable pathway with renewable energy sources and carbon neutrality. In this research, ternary TiO2 QDs/TiO2 OVs/Cu5FeS4 nanocomposites were prepared by an easy and affordable procedure and utilized to produce clean ammonia energy without a sacrificial agent. The amount of produced green ammonia by the optimum nanocomposite achieved was 17,274 μmol L-1 g-1, which was approximately 20.9, 6.48, 4.45, 2.26, and 1.45 times higher than those of commercial TiO2, TiO2 QDs, TiO2 OVs, Cu5FeS4, and TiO2 QDs/TiO2 OVs photocatalysts, respectively. Lattice compatibility through the developed homojunction within TiO2 QDs/TiO2 OVs and the integration of Cu5FeS4 nanoparticles led to the establishment of a double S-scheme homo/heterojunction system, which improved the photocatalytic activity by maintaining electrons and holes with high oxidation and reduction power and greatly reduced the recombination of charges, which led to the acceleration of charge transfer and migration. Besides, the promoted surface area compared to the pure components, introducing oxygen vacancies, and reducing the particle size boosted the photocatalytic N2 conversion to NH3. The results of this research are a basis for the rational design of homojunction/heterojunction visible-light-responsive systems for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation reactions.

Incorporation of Cu5FeS4 QDs with Abundant Oxygen Vacancy TiO2 QDs/TiO2 OVs: Double S-Scheme Photocatalysts for Effectual N2 Conversion to NH3 under Simulated Solar Light.

Antibiotic pollution beyond the safety limits poses a significant threat to the environmental sustainability and human health which necessitates the development of efficient methods for reducing antibiotics in pharmaceutical wastewater. Photocatalysis is a proven technology which has drawn considerable attention in semiconductor photocatalysts. Our study aims to develop a highly efficient Cr2O3/ZrO2 photocatalyst for the degradation of tetracycline (TCL) under visible light. The synthesized catalyst was well characterized by XRD, HR-TEM-SAED, XPS, FT-IR, BET and UV-Vis-DRS methods. The effects of various parameters on photocatalytic degradation were evaluated in detail, showing that 97.1% of 50 mgL−1 tetracycline concentrations could be degraded within 120 min at pH 5 with a 0.1 gL−1 photocatalyst-loading concentration under visible light (300 W Xe lamp). The uniform distribution of spherical ZrO2 nanoparticles on the surface of the Cr2O3 nano-cubes efficiently reduced the recombination rate with an energy bandgap of 2.75 eV, which provided a faster photodegradation of tetracycline under visible light. In addition, a plausible degradation pathway and photoproducts generated during the photocatalytic degradation of TCL are proposed based on the LC-ESI/MS results, which suggested that efficient photodegradation was achieved during the visible light irradiation. Thus, our study reveals that the cost-effective Cr2O3-based photocatalyst with multi-reusability and efficient energy consumption could be an efficient photocatalyst for the rapid degradation of TCL during the wastewater treatment process.

Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline Using p-n Heterostructured Cr2O3/ZrO2 Nanocomposite

The simultaneous degradation of organic pollutants and generation of value-added compounds like ammonia and hydrogen energy has recently gained considerable attention in photocatalysis. The present study deals with successful preparation of novel AgVO3 nanowire@rGO-tetrahedral Ag3PO4 (110) (AGA) heterojunction and utilized for enhanced generation of NH3 and H2 from N-containing antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) under visible light. The prepared catalyst was well characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and XPS to confirm the formation of heterojunction. The results indicated that the composite exhibited 546.0 μmol g−1 of hydrogen evolution rate, which is approximately 3.6 (153.6 μmol g−1) and 5.1 (108.7 μmol g−1) times higher than the pure AgVO3 and Ag3PO4 respectively after 6 h. Similarly, 38.3 mg L−1g−1 of NH3 generation was observed during 6 h of SMX degradation, which is about 1.9 and 2.8 times higher than the pure AgVO3 (20.1 mg L−1g−1) and Ag3PO4 (13.7 mg L−1g−1) respectively. The formation of heterojunction between AgVO3 and Ag3PO4 not only promotes the transfer of electron but also prevents the recombination which eventually enhances the catalytic conversion of N-element to NH3 and for H2 generation during water splitting. Furthermore, the plausible degradation pathway in SMX was proposed and the results revealed that the SMX was mineralized by the composite further converted to NH3 and generates H2 during the degradation process. Thus, our study provides new insights into novel photocatalytic treatment methodologies for simultaneous degradation of SMX to produce NH3 and H2 as value-added compounds from antibiotic wastewaters during water treatment process. 

Simultaneous degradation of SMX for efficient nitrogen fixation to ammonia and hydrogen evolution using AgVO3@rGO-Ag3PO4 (110) heterojunction

Changes in Stoichiometry of Carbon and Nitrogen Trigger Transition in the States of Aquatic Microbiota in Full-Scale Constructed Wetlands

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Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline Using p-n Heterostructured Cr2O3/ZrO2 Nanocomposite

Simultaneous degradation of SMX for efficient nitrogen fixation to ammonia and hydrogen evolution using AgVO3@rGO-Ag3PO4 (110) heterojunction

Changes in Stoichiometry of Carbon and Nitrogen Trigger Transition in the States of Aquatic Microbiota in Full-Scale Constructed Wetlands