Building envelope is a key element in providing adequate energy and thermal comfort performance to buildings. In this regard, improvement solutions are implemented in recent studies that focus on new techniques and methods. The main techniques adopted in this context are discussed to identify modern and effective methods with a particular focus on phase change materials (PCMs). Incorporating PCMs with building construction materials is a booming technology, owing to their enhancement potential of storing and releasing heat during phase transition. This work highlights the importance of PCMs in building envelope, focusing on roof and external wall applications. PCM types, general and desired properties and application area are presented and discussed. Influential parameters, incorporation techniques and methods, main numerical tools, and modelling equations are used to describe the thermal behaviour of PCM. A comprehensive assessment on the basis of recent studies has been conducted to point out the potential of PCM with the most appropriate techniques under different locations. The main findings of PCM thermal performance have been described, considering the cooling/heating load reduction, energy-saving and thermal comfort gained along with several research hiatuses for future studies.

Incorporation of phase change materials into building envelope for thermal comfort and energy saving: A comprehensive analysis

Thermophysical properties and applications of nano-enhanced PCMs: An update review

Optimal scheduling of integrated demand response-enabled integrated energy systems with uncertain renewable generations: A Stackelberg game approach

Recent advancements in latent heat phase change materials and their applications for thermal energy storage and buildings: A state of the art review

This paper is an updated, but totally new, version of “A review on phase change materials (PCMs) integrated in building walls”, an article published in 2011 in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. Both numerical and experimental studies on building walls containing PCMs during the last ten years (2011–2020) are reviewed. The paper also summarizes the main PCMs used in this application and the recent progress in the integration techniques of PCMs in building construction elements. Most of the proposed studies (about 66%) are focused on PCM in walls. In addition, more than half of these studies are numerical where several assumptions are made such as the neglected of both the occupant presence in the building and its behaviour. Based on this review, it is concluded that the used PCMs in building walls showed good potential for reducing both indoor air temperature fluctuations and energy consumption. However, further numerical and experimental studies are needed that take other aspects into consideration, such as the real use of buildings with the occupant behaviour, the economic viability and the environmental impact. This review paper will help scientific researchers and engineers to update the integration techniques of PCM in building walls and to define potential future research works.

Phase change materials integrated into building walls: An updated review

Combined multi-objective optimization and robustness analysis framework for building integrated energy system under uncertainty

Combining phase-change materials (PCM) into building envelopes can improve indoor environmental comfort and reduce energy consumption. To adapt to seasonal changes (e.g., hot summer and cold winter), a novel type of hybrid PCM-containing wallboard (including three different PCMs) was fabricated. The hybrid PCM wallboard has a wide phase-change temperature range and can work under different climates for indoor thermal comfort and energy saving. Reduce-scale test cells, two hybrid PCM wallboard integrated test boxes (including Mode 1 PCM wallboard and Mode 2 PCM wallboard) and another equipped with gypsum wallboards, were compared to study the thermal performance of the PCM contained wallboard in both passive and active systems. The results indicate that the hybrid PCM system can narrow indoor air temperature fluctuations and maintain indoor thermal comfort at any time of the entire year. Mode 2 PCM wallboards were found to be more suitable for regulating the indoor thermal environment , as they exhibited more heat release to the indoors during the daytime and less heat loss at nighttime during winter. Under stimulations of different temperature fluctuations, three different layers of the PCMs worked to respond to the temperature fluctuations. Two indices ( I and E) were put forward to evaluate the thermal performance of the PCM wallboards. The I index showed that Mode 1 PCM wallboard is suitable for reducing fluctuations of indoor temperature in winter and transition season scenarios. According to the E index, throughout one year, Mode 2 PCM wallboard has higher utilization efficiency than that of Mode 1. Finally, a comparative test was performed with the active system to evaluate the energy saving potential of the two hybrid PCM wallboards. The results show that energy consumption in the hybrid PCM wallboard box is nearly 30% less than that of gypsum wallboard.

Experimental thermal performance of wallboard with hybrid microencapsulated phase change materials for building application

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Combined multi-objective optimization and robustness analysis framework for building integrated energy system under uncertainty

Experimental thermal performance of wallboard with hybrid microencapsulated phase change materials for building application