Journal of Physics Condensed Matter: Preface

Understanding gravity in the framework of quantum mechanics is one of the great challenges in modern physics. However, the lack of empirical evidence has lead to a debate on whether gravity is a quantum entity. Despite varied proposed probes for quantum gravity, it is fair to say that there are no feasible ideas yet to test its quantum coherent behavior directly in a laboratory experiment. Here, we introduce an idea for such a test based on the principle that two objects cannot be entangled without a quantum mediator. We show that despite the weakness of gravity, the phase evolution induced by the gravitational interaction of two micron size test masses in adjacent matter-wave interferometers can detectably entangle them even when they are placed far apart enough to keep Casimir-Polder forces at bay. We provide a prescription for witnessing this entanglement, which certifies gravity as a quantum coherent mediator, through simple spin correlation measurements.

Spin Entanglement Witness for Quantum Gravity

Solid-state spin systems including nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond constitute an increasingly favored quantum sensing platform. However, present NV ensemble devices exhibit sensitivities orders of magnitude away from theoretical limits. The sensitivity shortfall both handicaps existing implementations and curtails the envisioned application space. This review analyzes present and proposed approaches to enhance the sensitivity of broadband ensemble-NV-diamond magnetometers. Improvements to the spin dephasing time, the readout fidelity, and the host diamond material properties are identified as the most promising avenues and are investigated extensively. Our analysis of sensitivity optimization establishes a foundation to stimulate development of new techniques for enhancing solid-state sensor performance.

Sensitivity optimization for NV-diamond magnetometry

The importance of thermoelastic damping as a fundamental dissipation mechanism for small-scale mechanical resonators is evaluated in light of recent efforts to design high-Q micrometer- and nanometer-scale electromechanical systems. The equations of linear thermoelasticity are used to give a simple derivation for thermoelastic damping of small flexural vibrations in thin beams. It is shown that Zener’s well-known approximation by a Lorentzian with a single thermal relaxation time slightly deviates from the exact expression.

Thermoelastic Damping in Micro- and Nano-Mechanical Systems.

Membrane distillation (MD) has been garnering increasing attention in research and development, since it has been proposed as a promising technology for desalinating hypersaline brine from various ...

Wetting, Scaling, and Fouling in Membrane Distillation: State-of-the-Art Insights on Fundamental Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies

Cantilevers in microelectromechanical systems have the advantages of non-labeling, real-time detection, positioning, and specificity. Rectangular solid, rectangular hollow, and triangular microcantilevers were fabricated on an optical fiber tip via two-photon polymerization. The mechanical properties were characterized using finite element simulations. Coating the microcantilever with a palladium film enabled high sensitivity and rapid hydrogen detection. The shape of the cantilever determines the sensitivity, whereas the thickness of the palladium film determines the response time. Additional microelectromechanical systems can be realized via polymerization combined with optical fibers.

Design and realization of 3D printed fiber-tip microcantilever beam probes applied to hydrogen sensing

Concentration polarization in membrane distillation: I. Development of a laser-based spectrophotometric method for in-situ characterization

Trapping of a nanodiamond/microdiamond containing Nitrogen-Vacancy centers in the vacuum is an ideal platform to develop a hybrid mechanical system. In such a system, the coupling between the Nitrogen-Vacancy centers and the mechanical motion of a trapped diamond provides pathways for generating a quantum superposition state of the mechanical motion with long coherence time. In this work, I demonstrate our preliminary data in the detection of Nitrogen-Vacancy spin signals from trapped diamonds using optical and magneto-gravitational trapping technologies. I compared the advantages and drawbacks of both techniques and improvements need to be made. I also explored the charge dynamics of Nitrogen-Vacancy centers in diamonds under near-IR laser illumination and first demonstrate low energy (0.95 to 1.18 eV or 1050 to 1300 nm) Multi-photon Photoluminescence Excitation (PLE) spectrum of NV centers in a sub-millimeter diamond crystal.

Towards quantum nanomechanics with a trapped diamond crystal coupled to an electronic spin qubit

We present a simple and effective method of loading particles into an optical trap in air at atmospheric pressure. Material which is highly absorptive at the trapping laser wavelength, such as tartrazine dye, is used as media to attach photoluminescent diamond nanocrystals. The mix is burnt into a cloud of air-borne particles as the material is swept near the trapping laser focus on a glass slide. Particles are then trapped with the laser used for burning or transferred to a second laser trap at a different wavelength. Evidence of successfully loading diamond nanocrystals into the trap presented includes high sensitivity of the photoluminecscence (PL) to an excitation laser at 520~nm wavelength and the PL spectra of the optically trapped particles. This method provides a convenient technique for the study of the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers contained in optically trapped diamond nanocrystals.

Loading an Optical Trap with Diamond Nanocrystals Containing Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers from a Surface

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Design and realization of 3D printed fiber-tip microcantilever beam probes applied to hydrogen sensing

Concentration polarization in membrane distillation: I. Development of a laser-based spectrophotometric method for in-situ characterization

Towards quantum nanomechanics with a trapped diamond crystal coupled to an electronic spin qubit

Loading an Optical Trap with Diamond Nanocrystals Containing Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers from a Surface

Loading an Optical Trap with Diamond Nanocrystals Containing Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers from a Surface