This study presents r.landslide, a free and open source add-on to the open source Geographic Information System (GIS) GRASS software for landslide susceptibility mapping. The tool was written in Python language and works on the top of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) fed with environmental parameters and landslide databases. In order to illustrate the application and effectiveness of the developed tool, a case study is presented for the municipality of Porto Alegre, Brazil. The resulting landslide susceptibility maps are compared with the map published by the Brazilian Geological Survey (CPRM) and a direct comparison using unseen (new) landslide records indicate that the r.landslide can identify and pinpoint susceptible areas with better accuracy. The module can be used by natural disaster management bodies and land use planning organs as a support tool for the elaboration of landslide susceptibility maps in an agile and efficient manner.

Landslide susceptibility mapping with r.landslide: A free open-source GIS-integrated tool based on Artificial Neural Networks

This study proposes a comprehensive methodology to the application of an Artificial Neural Network Ensemble (ANNE) for the mapping of landslide susceptibility. The identification of susceptible areas was performed on the basis of landslide inventory databases and seven parameters from three classes: geomorphological (elevation, aspect, slope, topographic moisture index, profile curvature),geological (lithology) and environmental (land use). Studies are presented for two major cities in Brazil, Porto Alegre and Rio de Janeiro. As the main result, we show that the susceptibility maps generated by the ANNE feature higher accuracy than those published by official organs such as the Brazilian Geological Survey and Geotechnical Institute Foundation (Geo-Rio). This indicates that the proposed methodology can be an effective tool to assist the development of reliable landslide susceptibility maps in an efficient and agile manner.

Artificial neural network ensembles applied to the mapping of landslide susceptibility

With the objective of analyzing the fertility of soils built over open pit coal mining ar eas (28°35'50'' S e 49°25'26'' W) in the city of Sideropolis (SC), two areas of different reclamation ages were selected: area IV and area VI, reclaimed in 2002 and 2003, respectively. A 100m transection was established in the center of each area, where perpendicular 20m transects were tossed at regular intervals of 10m, alternating to the right and to the left, and nine soil samples were collected (0 - 0,2 m). The nine samples of each group of two consecutive transects were gathered into a compound sample, reducing the sampling universe from 90 to 5 samples of soil for each area. The contents of clay, pH, Phosphorus, Potassium, organic matter, Aluminum, Calcium, Manganese, H + Al, base sum, CTC and base saturation were analyzed. In both areas, the content of clay fell into class three category, the content of organic compound was low , the pH and V% significantly low. Manganese varied from medium to high, BS varied from low to medium and CTC was consider ed high. In area IV, the content of P was low and Ca varied from medium to low, while in area VI the content of P varied from low to medium and Ca was low . Although differences had been observed among some of the parameters analyzed, they were not severely affected by the reclaimed time of the two areas.

/pdf/fertilidade-de-solos-construidos-em-areas-de-mineracao-de-5988dn2ipd.pdf

Fertilidade de solos construídos em áreas de mineração de carvão na região sul de Santa Catarina

The present study analyzed the drosophilid assemblages in different levels of urbanization in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Collections were carried out in 2008 in three different environments: a highly urbanized area—“Jardim Botânico,” a forested area with intermediary urbanization—“Parque Gabriel Knijnik,” and in a relatively well-preserved forested area, although threatened by the urban growth—“Morro Santana.” In Jardim Botânico, 36 species belonging to four genera were found, with high abundance of exotic species as Drosophila simulans Sturtevant and Zaprionus indianus (Gupta). In Parque Gabriel Knijnik, 33 species that belonged to four genera were found, with higher abundances of native species belonging to the Drosophila tripunctata species group and Drosophila willistoni species subgroup, and lower abundance of exotic species. As for Morro Santana, 32 species and three genera were found, with higher abundances of native groups, low representativeness of exotic species, and absence of Zaprionus indianus. The analysis of the Jaccard index showed higher similarity in the species composition between samples collected in summer and autumn, and between samples collected in winter and spring. On the other hand, the Morisita index differentiated Jardim Botânico from the other two studied sites. Our results show that Morro Santana is an important area of native biodiversity, reinforcing, therefore, the inclusion of this area in the project for the creation of an ecological corridor as proposed by the Ministry of the Environment of Brazil.

Drosophilid Assemblages at Different Urbanization Levels in the City of Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil

Soil surveys often contain multi-component map units comprising two or more soil classes, whose spatial distribution within the map unit is not represented. Digital Soil Mapping tools supported by information from soil surveys make it possible to predict where these classes are located. The aim of this study was to develop a methodology to increase the detail of conventional soil maps by means of spatial disaggregation of multi-component map units and to predict the spatial location of the derived [...]

/pdf/spatial-disaggregation-of-multi-component-soil-map-units-3le740s3ux.pdf

Spatial Disaggregation of Multi-Component Soil Map Units Using Legacy Data and a Tree-Based Algorithm in Southern Brazil

Diagnóstico Ambiental de Porto Alegre: Geologia, Solos, Drenagem, Vegetação e Ocupação

Solos construídos em áreas de mineração da Bacia Carbonífera

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Diagnóstico Ambiental de Porto Alegre: Geologia, Solos, Drenagem, Vegetação e Ocupação

Solos construídos em áreas de mineração da Bacia Carbonífera