Background Uncontrolled studies have suggested that atrioventricular junction ablation and pacemaker implantation have beneficial effects on quality of life in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods and results We performed a multicenter, controlled, randomized, 12-month evaluation of the clinical effects of atrioventricular junction ablation and VVIR pacemaker (Abl+Pm) versus pharmacological (drug) treatment in 66 patients with chronic (lasting >6 months) AF who had clinically manifest heart failure and heart rate >90 bpm on 3 standard ECGs recorded at rest during stable clinical conditions on different days. Before completion of the study, withdrawals occurred in 8 patients of the drug group and in 4 patients of the Abl+Pm group. At the end of the 12 months, the 28 Abl+Pm patients who completed the study showed lower scores in palpitations (-78%; P=0.000) and effort dyspnea (-22%; P=0.05) than the 26 of the drug group. Lower scores, although not significant, were also observed for exercise intolerance (-20%), easy fatigue (-17%), chest discomfort (-50%), Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (-14%), New York Heart Association functional classification (-4%), and Activity scale (-12%). The intrapatient comparison between enrollment and month 12 showed that in the Abl+Pm group, all variables except easy fatigue improved significantly from 14% to 82%. However, because an improvement was also observed in the drug group, the difference between the 2 groups was significant only for palpitations (P=0.000), effort dyspnea (P=0.01), exercise intolerance (P=0.005), easy fatigue (P=0.02), and chest discomfort (P=0.02). Cardiac performance, evaluated by means of standard echocardiogram and exercise test, did not differ significantly between the 2 groups and remained stable over time. Conclusions In patients with heart failure and chronic AF, Abl+Pm treatment is effective and superior to drug therapy in controlling symptoms, although its efficacy appears to be less than that observed in uncontrolled studies because some improvement can also be expected in medically treated patients. Cardiac performance is not modified by the treatment.

Assessment of Atrioventricular Junction Ablation and VVIR Pacemaker Versus Pharmacological Treatment in Patients With Heart Failure and Chronic Atrial Fibrillation A Randomized, Controlled Study

Anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) pro- cess plays an important role in the nitrogen cycle of the worldwide anoxic and mesophilic habitats. Recently, the existence and activity of anammox bacteria have been detected in some thermophilic environments, but their existence in the geothermal subterranean oil reservoirs is still not reported. This study investigated the abundance, distribution and functional diversity of anammox bacteria in nine out of 17 high-temperature oil reservoirs by molecular ecology analysis. High concentration (5.31-39.2 mg l −1 )o f ammonium was detected in the production water from these oilfields with temperatures between 55°C and 75°C. Both 16S rRNA and hzo molecular biomarkers indicated the occurrence of anammox bacteria in nine out of 17 samples. Most of 16S rRNA gene phylotypes are closely related to the known anammox bacterial genera Candidatus Brocadia, Candidatus Kuenenia, Candidatus Scalindua, and Candi- datus Jettenia, while hzo gene phylotypes are closely related to the genera Candidatus Anammoxoglobus, Can- didatus Kuenenia, Candidatus Scalindua, and Candidatus Jettenia. The total bacterial and anammox bacterial densities were 6.4±0.5×10 3 to 2.0±0.18×10 6 cells ml −1 and 6.6± 0.51×10 2 to 4.9±0.36×10 4 cell ml −1 , respectively. The cluster I of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed distant identity (<92%) to the known Candidatus Scalindua species, inferring this cluster of anammox bacteria to be a new species, and a tentative name Candidatus "Scalindua sinooil- field" was proposed. The results extended the existence of anammox bacteria to the high-temperature oil reservoirs.

/pdf/molecular-detection-of-anaerobic-ammonium-oxidizing-anammox-3peexsk2ib.pdf

Molecular detection of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria in high-temperature petroleum reservoirs.

The Australian intervention randomized control of rate in atrial fibrillation trial (AIRCRAFT)

An implantable defibrillator lead comprises a flexible core onto which is wound helically wound coils to form an electrode. These electrode coils are partially encapsulated by a flexible matrix which holds them in their wrapped position around the core. Due to its coiled coil structure, this electrode provides improved flexibility, and can be used endocardially, intravascularly, epicardially, or subcutaneously. The electrode may function alternately as a defibrillation electrode and as a sensing electrode in a lead with a separate pacing electrode.

Flexible defibrillation electrode of improved construction

Preface. 1. Sudden Cardiac Death M. Akhtar, et al. 2. History of the ICD W.S. Staewen, M.M. Mower. 3. The Electrophysiological Effects of Defibrillation Shocks S.M. Dillon. 4. Defining the Defibrillation Dosage M.W. Kroll, et al. 5. The Defibrillation Threshold I. Singer, D. Lang. 6. Pathways for Defibrillation Current M.J. Kallok. 7. The Defibrillation Waveform S.M. Blanchard, et al. 8. The System C.G.J. Supino. 9. Leads for the ICD R.S. Nelson, et al. 10. The Battery C.F. Holmes. 11. The High Voltage Capacitor J.B. Ennis, M.W. Kroll. 12. The Pulse Generator R.S. Nelson. 13. High Power Circuitry S.M. Bach, P. Monroe. 14. The Amplifier: Sensing the Depolarization D.A. Brumwell, et al. 15. Tachyarrhythmia Detection S.M. Bach, et al. 16. Anti-Tachycardia Pacing and Cardioversion M.L. Hardage, M.B. Sweeney. 17. Implantation: Pre-Operative Evaluation to Discharge W. Grimm, F.E. Marchlinski. 18. ICD Infection Avoidance: Science, Art, Discipline R.B. Shepard, A.E. Epstein. 19. Safety Margins for Sensing and Detection: Programming Tradeoffs W. Olson. 20. Patient Followup Systems T.P. Adams. 21. Troubleshooting Suspected ICD Malfunction M.E. Rosenthal, et al. 22. Clinical Results R.N. Fogoros. 23. Sudden Death Despite ICD Therapy M.H. Lehmann, et al. 24. Future Clinical Challenges M.H. Lehmann, M.W. Kroll. Glossary. Index.

Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Therapy: The Engineering-Clinical Interface

Two patients received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator with the combination of a transvenous lead and a subcutaneous lead array with three branches. This approach allowed us to find low defibrillation thresholds in both patients (less-than-or-equal-to 10 and less-than-or-equal-to 15 joules [J], respectively), which was impossible with a transvenous catheter. In a third patient, a crinkled subcutaneous patch was replaced by an array. The defibrillation threshold with the array was less-than-or-equal-to 20 J, as opposed to > 24 J with the patch. No surgical problems occurred. The subcutaneous array is a technical improvement for the therapy with implantable defibrillators, when a single catheter system is not sufficient to ensure a safety margin for defibrillation, or when surgical or postsurgical problems occur with a subcutaneous patch.

A subcutaneous lead array for implantable cardioverter defibrillators.

OBJECTIVES--To compare the efficacy of a purely transvenous cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) system with that of a system with a supplementary subcutaneous patch. To evaluate clinical follow up of these lead arrangements that do not require thoracotomy. DESIGN--A simplified defibrillation protocol to test two different lead arrangements during implantation, with routine clinical follow up after implantation. SETTING--Tertiary referral centre for treatment of arrhythmia. PATIENTS--22 consecutive patients selected for implantation of an ICD because of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular fibrillation or sustained ventricular tachycardia) of whom 20 entered the test protocol. INTERVENTION--Implantation of an ICD with transvenously inserted intracardiac leads and a subcutaneous patch and assessment of effective defibrillation followed by testing of the purely transvenous approach. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Reproducible conversion of ventricular fibrillation to sinus rhythm at a certain energy level, providing a safety margin of at least 10 J for both lead arrangements. Confirmation of efficacy during clinical follow up (mean 6 months). RESULTS--A transvenous lead system combined with a subcutaneous axillary patch was implanted in 20/22 patients and it provided adequate and acceptable energy levels. In 10/20 tested patients a purely transvenous lead configuration provided an acceptable safety margin as well. Nine patients had clinical recurrences: all these arrhythmias were successfully converted. CONCLUSION--A transvenous lead system was sufficient in 50% of the patients at the time of implantation. Data on long-term clinical follow up of this arrangement are not available. The approach without thoracotomy with a subcutaneous patch is feasible and effective in most patients selected for ICD treatment.

https://heart.bmj.com/content/heartjnl/69/1/14.full.pdf

Experience of cardioverter-defibrillators inserted without thoracotomy: evaluation of transvenously inserted intracardiac leads alone or with a subcutaneous axillary patch.

A new transvenous internal cardioverter-defibrillator: Implantation technique, complications, and short-term follow-up

Sudden death and long-term survival after His bundel ablation

Prolonged monitoring for detection of symptomatic arrhythmias after slow pathway ablation in AV-nodal tachycardia

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Patrick Vertongen

Author Tools

Chat about Author