In this paper, the authors show that augmented reality technology has a positive impact on the motivation of middle-school students. The Instructional Materials Motivation Survey (IMMS) (Keller, 2010) based on the ARCS motivation model (Keller, 1987a) was used to gather information; it considers four motivational factors: attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction. Motivational factors of attention and satisfaction in an augmented-reality-based learning environment were better rated than those obtained in a slides-based learning environment. When the impact of the augmented reality system was analyzed in isolation, the attention and confidence factors were the best rated. The usability study showed that although this technology is not mature enough to be used massively in education, enthusiasm of middle-school students diminished most of the barriers found.

/pdf/impact-of-an-augmented-reality-system-on-students-motivation-2gi4c7c60z.pdf

Impact of an augmented reality system on students' motivation for a visual art course

Deep artificial neural networks apply principles of the brain’s information processing that led to breakthroughs in machine learning spanning many problem domains. Neuromorphic computing aims to take this a step further to chips more directly inspired by the form and function of biological neural circuits, so they can process new knowledge, adapt, behave, and learn in real time at low power levels. Despite several decades of research, until recently, very few published results have shown that today’s neuromorphic chips can demonstrate quantitative computational value. This is now changing with the advent of Intel’s Loihi, a neuromorphic research processor designed to support a broad range of spiking neural networks with sufficient scale, performance, and features to deliver competitive results compared to state-of-the-art contemporary computing architectures. This survey reviews results that are obtained to date with Loihi across the major algorithmic domains under study, including deep learning approaches and novel approaches that aim to more directly harness the key features of spike-based neuromorphic hardware. While conventional feedforward deep neural networks show modest if any benefit on Loihi, more brain-inspired networks using recurrence, precise spike-timing relationships, synaptic plasticity, stochasticity, and sparsity perform certain computation with orders of magnitude lower latency and energy compared to state-of-the-art conventional approaches. These compelling neuromorphic networks solve a diverse range of problems representative of brain-like computation, such as event-based data processing, adaptive control, constrained optimization, sparse feature regression, and graph search.

/pdf/advancing-neuromorphic-computing-with-loihi-a-survey-of-40yqsqbhbl.pdf

Advancing Neuromorphic Computing With Loihi: A Survey of Results and Outlook

1983: The first CHI called CHI - computers just processed data and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) just supported users in their work tasks.Twenty years on, broadband servers and mobile devices now outnumber desktop office machines. With them come joy, persuasion, outrage, delight, faith, campaigns, satire, fun, learning, identity, communities, and passion. Now, increasingly, we interact to be, not just to do. Interaction no longer just changes things, it changes people. HCI is headed for New Horizons.CHI 2003 recognised this sea of change in HCI and addressed all forms of interactive digital communication, with a focus on three special areas: mass communication and interaction, e-learning, and emotion. Many presentations addressed these special areas. Still, CHI 2003 has not abandoned established HCI for New Horizons! Everything you'd expect to find in a CHI conference is still here.These Conference Proceedings contain the papers accepted for presentation at CHI 2003. Competition was fierce. 470 submissions were received, and 75 were accepted. Many of these accepted papers address the challenge of supportive effective and enjoyable communication via interactive digital media.A CD containing the extended abstracts for short talks, demonstrations, design and usability in practice papers, special interest group descriptions, interactive posters, student posters and doctoral consortiumpresentations accompanies these proceedings. Video figures and demonstrations are provided on an additional DVD. These complete the record of CHI 2003 as the meeting place for an inclusive community, The CHI conference is the annual gathering of the world's HCI community. There is something for everyone. Students, researchers, professionals, and educators are spoiled for choice.

CHI '03 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Augmented Reality (AR) interfaces have been studied extensively over the last few decades, with a growing number of user-based experiments. In this paper, we systematically review 10 years of the most influential AR user studies, from 2005 to 2014. A total of 291 papers with 369 individual user studies have been reviewed and classified based on their application areas. The primary contribution of the review is to present the broad landscape of user-based AR research, and to provide a high-level view of how that landscape has changed. We summarize the high-level contributions from each category of papers, and present examples of the most influential user studies. We also identify areas where there have been few user studies, and opportunities for future research. Among other things, we find that there is a growing trend toward handheld AR user studies, and that most studies are conducted in laboratory settings and do not involve pilot testing. This research will be useful for AR researchers who want to follow best practices in designing their own AR user studies.

/pdf/a-systematic-review-of-10-years-of-augmented-reality-1zfm5ljlgk.pdf

A Systematic Review of 10 Years of Augmented Reality Usability Studies: 2005 to 2014

Industry 4.0 in the port and maritime industry: A literature review

unchen, Germany Abstract: This paper describes an approach for increasing the understanding and ease the learning of chemistry for students by visualizing and controlling virtual models of molecules in a intuitive way. With the Help of Augmented Reality, we developed a tool with the name Augmented Chemical Reactions. This program visualizes models of molecules rendered to a camera picture at the position of special markers hold in the hands of the users. The intuitive controlling of the position and orientation of the molecules is done by moving and rotating the markers in front of a camera, so the virtual objects behave as they would have been manipulated themselves. For a better understanding of the subject of chemistry, Augmented Chemical Reactions also shows the dynamic deformation of molecules when they come close to each other. Here the users can have a better view on certain behaviours between molecules. This program has the potential to increase the understanding and ease learning chemistry because of its intuitive controlling of the 3D structure of molecules. In the same way that Augmented Chemical Reactions can help students, it also has the potential to speed up the process of designing new molecules. Scientists can inspect the created molecules and see, if they meet the spatial requirements for specific reactions. This approach prevents time consuming reactions in the laboratory to create those molecules and test them for their desired attributes.

http://far.in.tum.de/pub/maierp2009ijas/maierp2009ijas.pdf

Augmented Reality for teaching spatial relations

This paper describes the implementation of a novel prototypical Underwater Augmented Reality (UWAR) system that provides visual aids to increase commercial divers' capability to detect, perceive, and understand elements in underwater environments. During underwater operations, a great amount of stress is imposed on divers by environmental and working conditions such as pressure, visibility, weightlessness, current, etc. Those factors cause a restriction in divers' sensory inputs, cognition and memory, which are essentials for locating within the surroundings and performing their task effectively. The focus of this research was to improve some of those conditions by adding elements in divers' views in order to increase awareness and safety in commercial diving operations. We accomplished our goal by assisting divers in locating the work site, keeping informed about orientation and position (constantly), and providing a 3D virtual model for an assembling task. The system consisted of a video see-through head mounted display (HMD) with a webcam in front of it, protected by a custom waterproof housing placed over the diving mask. As a very first step, optical square-markers were used for positioning and orientation tracking purposes (POSE). The tracking was implemented with a ubiquitous-tracking software (Ubitrack). Finally, we discuss the possible implications of a diver-machine synergy.

http://far.in.tum.de/pub/morales2009uwar/morales2009uwar.pdf

An Underwater Augmented Reality system for commercial diving operations

This demonstration shows an Augmented Reality tool to support teaching chemistry. The understanding of spacial relations in and between molecules is an essential part that has to be understood by students to learn chemistry As nowadays the techniques to show and simulate molecular behaviors get faster and better, 3D applications to show the molecules become more and more popular also in schools. Augmented Chemical Reactions is an application that shows the 3D spatial structure of molecules as well as the dynamics of the atoms in and between molecules. This application does not use the commonly used 3D user interface of mice and keyboards to move and rotate the virtual objects but it makes use of an intuitive 3D user interface. This 3D User interface is an direct manipulation user interface using the augmented reality technique. With this user interface it enables the users to better understand the spacial structure of the shown geometries.

/pdf/augmented-chemical-reactions-an-augmented-reality-tool-to-qa9nkc1hb2.pdf

Augmented chemical reactions: An augmented reality tool to support chemistry teaching

Supporting chemistry students in learning and researchers in developing and understanding new chemical molecules is a task that is not that easy Computer applications try to support the users by visualizing chemical properties and spatial relations Thus far, there mostly exist applications that are controlled by using ordinary input devices as mice and keyboards But these input devices have one problem: they always try to map a lower degree of freedom to 6-dimensional movements for the location and the orientation of the virtual molecules Augmented Chemical Reactions is an application that uses Augmented Reality to visualize and interact with the virtual molecules in a direct way With the introduced 3D interaction methods, the work of students and researchers is tried to be simplified to concentrate on the actual task

/pdf/augmented-chemical-reactions-3d-interaction-methods-for-2i41vzp0a5.pdf

Augmented Chemical Reactions: 3D Interaction Methods for Chemistry

Spatial understanding and the understanding of dynamic change in the spatial structure of molecules during a reaction is essential for designing new molecules. Knowing the physical processes in the reactions helps to speed up the designing process. To support the designer with the correct representation of the designed molecule as well as showing the dynamic behavior of the whole reacting system is the goal of our application. Our system shows the spatial deformation of the molecules at every time interval by minimizing the energy level of the molecules. The position and orientation of the molecules can be intuitively controlled by manipulating objects of the real world using Augmented Reality techniques. Our approach has the potential to speed up the design of new molecules and help students to understand the chemical processes better. Keywords—Augmented Chemical Reactions, Augmented Reality, chemistry, education.

/pdf/dynamics-in-tangible-chemical-reactions-587747gauj.pdf

Dynamics in Tangible Chemical Reactions

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