An analyte monitor includes a sensor, a sensor control unit, and a display unit. The sensor has, for example, a substrate, a recessed channel formed in the substrate, and conductive material disposed in the recessed channel to form a working electrode. The sensor control unit typically has a housing adapted for placement on skin and is adapted to receive a portion of an electrochemical sensor. The sensor control unit also includes two or more conductive contacts disposed on the housing and configured for coupling to two or more contact pads on the sensor. A transmitter is disposed in the housing and coupled to the plurality of conductive contacts for transmitting data obtained using the sensor. The display unit has a receiver for receiving data transmitted by the transmitter of the sensor control unit and a display coupled to the receiver for displaying an indication of a level of an analyte. The analyte monitor may also be part of a drug delivery system to alter the level of the analyte based on the data obtained using the sensor.

Analyte Monitoring Device And Methods Of Use

An adaptive interface for a programmable system, for predicting a desired user function, based on user history, as well as machine internal status and context. The apparatus receives an input from the user and other data. A predicted input is presented for confirmation by the user, and the predictive mechanism is updated based on this feedback. Also provided is a pattern recognition system for a multimedia device, wherein a user input is matched to a video stream on a conceptual basis, allowing inexact programming of a multimedia device. The system analyzes a data stream for correspondence with a data pattern for processing and storage. The data stream is subjected to adaptive pattern recognition to extract features of interest to provide a highly compressed representation that may be efficiently processed to determine correspondence. Applications of the interface and system include a video cassette recorder (VCR), medical device, vehicle control system, audio device, environmental control system, securities trading terminal, and smart house. The system optionally includes an actuator for effecting the environment of operation, allowing closed-loop feedback operation and automated learning.

Adaptive pattern recognition based control system and method

A small diameter flexible electrode designed for subcutaneous in vivo amperometric monitoring of glucose is described. The electrode is designed to allow “one-point” in vivo calibration, i.e., to have zero output current at zero glucose concentration, even in the presence of other electroreactive species of serum or blood. The electrode is preferably three or four-layered, with the layers serially deposited within a recess upon the tip of a polyamide insulated gold wire. A first glucose concentration-to-current transducing layer is overcoated with an electrically insulating and glucose flux limiting layer (second layer) on which, optionally, an immobilized interference-eliminating horseradish peroxidase based film is deposited (third layer). An outer (fourth) layer is biocompatible.

Subcutaneous glucose electrode

The disclosure relates to battery powered hand-held data entry terminals (310) wherein a peripheral module may contain an automatically operating full image reader (313) and a wireless communication unit (312). The reader reads at least one full line of indicia and may comprise a laser bar code scanner or a flash type image reader. Preferably the reader has uniform resolution in orthogonal directions in the field of view so that an area image can be read at any arbitrary angular orientation and re-oriented as a stored digital image to a normalized orientation before decoding. The user interface (11, 12) may lie in a first longitudinally extended layer and the peripheral module (313) may lie in a second longitudinally extended adjoining layer. In normal reading disposition of the automatic reader (313), the user interface (11, 12) may be close to its normal orientation for user interaction therewith.

Hand-held data capture system with interchangeable modules

An electrochemical analyte sensor formed using conductive traces on a substrate can be used for determining and/or monitoring a level of analyte in in vitro or in vivo analyte-containing fluids. For example, an implantable sensor may be used for the continuous or automatic monitoring of a level of an analyte, such as glucose, lactate, or oxygen, in a patient. The electrochemical analyte sensor includes a substrate and conductive material disposed on the substrate, the conductive material forming a working electrode. In some sensors, the conductive material is disposed in recessed channels formed in a surface of the sensor. An electron transfer agent and/or catalyst may be provided to facilitate the electrolysis of the analyte or of a second compound whose level depends on the level of the analyte. A potential is formed between the working electrode and a reference electrode or counter/reference electrode and the resulting current is a function of the concentration of the analyte in the body fluid.

Electrochemical analyte sensor

A method and associated circuitry for acquiring a channel of a set of frequency channels by a radio receiver. The radio receiver scans selected control channels and measures the power levels of signals generated upon the respective ones of the control channels and stores values. An attempt to effectuate a communication link with a transmitter which transmits a data signal upon one of the control channels is only attempted if the measured power level on such control channel increases beyond a certain amount. The tuning frequency of the tuning circuitry can be retuned when the tuning circuitry is initially tuned to receive a communication signal transmitted by a transmitter of a less-than-most desired network of transmitters according to a second embodiment.

Method and circuit for acquisition by a radio receiver

A portable radiotelephone is disclosed in which an associated logic unit communicates via a data bus with an internal keypad and display and a detachable external keypad and display. Capability is provided for detecting the presence of the external keypad on the data bus and, in response to the detection, the information which would normally be communicated between the logic unit and the internal keypad and display is diverted to the external keypad and display. When the external keypad is detached from the data bus, communications between the logic unit and the internal keypad and display is reestablished.

Portable radiotelephone vehicular converter and remote handset

A fractional-N synthesizer realizes automatic frequency control by adding (509) a digital representation of a determined frequency offset to a digital representation of applied modulation to create the modulus control of a programmable frequency divider (203).

Digital frequency synthesizer having AFC and modulation applied to frequency divider

Data transfer apparatus (211,213) for a radiotelephone peripheral using a time multiplexed data bus for communication with a bus master of the radiotelephone couples peripheral devices external to the radiotelephone and other user information inputting devices, such as a handset for a cellular mobile radiotelephone, to the radiotelephone's central processor and speech processor. The data transfer apparatus generates time slots in frame formats in which the information is sent over the data bus. The entire message, information bits and the header, sent in a time slot from a peripheral device to the bus master is used to determine bus contention. Bus contention resolution during the start-up of data bus operation sets the priority with respect to other data transfer apparati with which a peripheral device's data transfer apparatus is able to access the bus during normal operation.

Data transfer method and apparatus for communication between a peripheral and a master

An apparatus, and associated method, for determining signal transmission quality levels of a discretely-encoded information signal received by a receiver. The signal strength of the received signal is calculated, and the levels of interference introduced upon the information signal is determined. The value of the signal strength is weighted by the amount of interference introduced upon the information signal. The resultant weighted signal forms the signal transmission quality level. The value of the signal transmission quality level is displayed to provide a user with a quantitative indication of the signal transmission quality level of the signal received by the receiver.

Method and apparatus for determining signal transmission quality levels of a transmitted signal

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