Two major online European journal indexes are examined to determine how useful they are in retrieving citations for materials of interest to historians. Three techniques were used: an examination of the top ten journals in history by Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) impact factor, a comparison of the journal tides of possible historical interest in each database, and a comparison of results retrieved by keyword or subject in each database. IBZ appears to retrieve more articles of interest to historians; however, many relevant articles would only be retrieved by using FRANCIS. Neither database is comprehensive. Historians have available a variety of indexes for finding journal articles. This study focuses on two major European electronic indexes to journals: FRANCIS, produced by L'Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in France, available through the Research Libraries Group (RLG); and Internationale Bibliographie der Zeitschriftenliteratur (IBZ), available from Zeller Verlag in Germany. Both cover materials in a variety of languages often missed by indexes originating in the United States. IBZ has only recently become available through the Web. This study is intended to help librarians and researchers in evaluating the usefulness of these indexes for historical topics. The study analyzes the content of the two indexes. No attempt was made to analyze the search software. This study was conducted over a period of several months and within that time, the titles of journals coverage varied. FRANCIS is a multilingual (primarily French) and multidisciplinary database with its origins in the Bulletin Signaletique. It indexes international journals, books, conference proceedings, French dissertations, and research reports in the humanities. In 1999, it indexed 3,699 journals. Its strength is in the social sciences, the arts, and the humanities. The coverage begins with 1984. IBZ indexes more than fifty-six hundred journals beginning with 1987 but actually includes articles from earlier years. IBZ and its coverage of German language periodicals is very strong. It concentrates on indexing European periodicals. Citations can be found in Albanian, Afrikaans, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, Frisian, German, Hungarian, Italian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Swedish, Serbo-Croatian, Slovenian, and Spanish. Historians have other indexes, such as Historical Abstracts, America: History and Life, International Medieval Bibliography, Database of Classical Bibliography, and Index Islamicus. Each of these is limited to a time period or region. Neither FRANCIS nor IBZ is limited by time or place. Literature Review There are numerous studies analyzing the information needs and information seeking behaviors of historians. It has been noted by several authors that while primary source material is of paramount importance to historians, secondary literature is also key. There are far fewer studies analyzing the abstracting and information tools that historians might find helpful. Very few of these studies analyze these tools since they have become available on the Web and these studies have chiefly focused on Historical Abstracts and America: History and Life. Many of the criticisms or problems with the print or CD-ROM sources are obviated by the type of access that the Web versions provide. In the literature, the problems and issues addressed concern those of retrieval due to the quality of indexing terms; the incompleteness of coverage; the fact that several of the indexes focus on history while noting that history as a discipline is multidisciplinary; the paucity of coverage for European and especially German materials; and the short time span of online coverage. Jones, Chapman, and Woods report a study of the use of material by historians of English history. …

A Comparison of the Usefulness of IBZ and FRANCIS for Historical Research

Abstract. The warmest peak of the Last Interglacial (ca. 128–116 ka) is considered a process analogue and is often studied to better understand the effects of a future warmer climate on the Earth's system. In particular, significant efforts have been made to better constrain ice sheet contributions to the peak Last Interglacial sea level through field observation of paleo relative sea level indicators. Along tropical coastal margins, these observations are predominantly based on fossil shallow coral reef sequences, which also provide the possibility of gathering reliable U-series chronological constraints. However, the preservation of many Pleistocene reef sequences is often limited to a series of discrete relative sea level positions within the interglacial, where corals suitable for dating were preserved. This, in turn, limits our ability to understand the continuous evolution of paleo relative sea level through an entire interglacial, also affecting the possibility of unraveling the existence and pattern of sub-stadial sea level oscillations. While the interpretation of lithostratigraphic and geomorphologic properties is often used to overcome this hurdle, geological interpretation may present issues related to subjectivity when dealing with missing facies or incomplete sequences. In this study, we try to step back from a conventional approach, generating a spectrum of synthetic Quaternary subtropical fringing reefs for a site in southwestern Madagascar (Indian Ocean). We use the Dionisos forward stratigraphic model (from Beicip-Franlab) to build a fossil reef at this location. In each model run, we use distinct Greenland and Antarctica ice sheet melt scenarios produced by a coupled ANICE–SELEN glacial isostatic adjustment model. The resulting synthetic reef sequences are then used test these melt scenarios against the stratigraphic record. We propose that this sort of stratigraphic modeling may provide further quantitative control when interpreting Last Interglacial reef sequences. 

pdf/refining-patterns-of-melt-with-forward-stratigraphic-models-20tmn5b6sy.pdf

Refining patterns of melt with forward stratigraphic models of stable Pleistocene coastlines

Abstract. The warmest peak of the Last Interglacial (ca. 128–116 ka) is considered a process analogue, and is often studied to better understand the effects of a future warmer climate on the Earth's system. In particular, significant effort has been made to better constrain ice sheet contributions to peak Last Interglacial sea level through field observation of paleo relative sea level indicators. Along tropical coastal margins, these observations are predominantly based on fossil shallow coral reef sequences, also thanks to the possibility of gathering reliable U-series chronological constraints. However, the preservation of many Pleistocene reef sequences is often limited to a series of discrete relative sea-level positions within the interglacial, where corals suitable for dating were preserved. This in turn, limits our ability to understand the continuous evolution of paleo relative sea-level through an entire interglacial, also affecting the possibility to unravel the existence and pattern of sub-stadial sea level oscillations. While the interpretation of lithostratigraphic and geomorphologic properties is often used to overcome this hurdle, geological interpretation may present issues related to subjectivity when dealing with missing facies or incomplete sequences. In this study, we try to step back from a conventional approach generating a spectrum of synthetic Quaternary subtropical fringing reefs for a site in southwestern Madagascar (Indian Ocean). We use the DIONISOS forward (Beicip Franlab) stratigraphic model to build a fossil reef at this location. In each model run, we use distinct Greenland and Antarctica Ice Sheet melt scenarios produced by a coupled ANICE-SELEN glacial isostatic adjustment model. The resulting synthetic reef sequences are then used test these melt scenarios against the stratigraphic record. We propose that this sort of stratigraphic modelling may provide further quantitative control when interpreting Last Interglacial reef sequences. 

Refining patterns of melt with forward stratigraphic models on stable Pleistocene coastlines

New datings and elevations of a fossil reef in Lembetabe, southwest Madagascar: eustatic and tectonic implications

Understanding past sea-level variations is essential to constrain future patterns of sea-level rise in response to warmer climate conditions. Due to good preservation and the possibility to use various geochemical methods to date fossil sea-level index points, the Last Interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage, MIS, 5e, 130-116 ka) is often regarded as one of the best climate analogs for a future warmer climate. MIS 5e coastal stratigraphic sequences, such as fossil coral reefs in tectonically stable areas, are characterized by abrupt shifts in their geological facies, steps within the reef topography or backstepped fossil reefs, which have been often interpreted as proxies for abrupt sea-level fluctuations within the interglacial. However, the observational evidence and magnitude of such abrupt changes are controversial. Here, we run nearly 50 thousand simulations of a 2D kinematic reef model that can reproduce coral reef growth and demise through time. Our aim is to investigate the parameters of space, the sea-level scenarios, and the processes which multiple-stepped MIS 5e fossil reefs form. As inputs to the model, we use both published and synthetic sea-level histories (17 sea-level curves ranging from one to several sea-level peaks), and a wide range of reef growth rates, marine erosion rates and bedrock foundation slopes. Our results show that the only sea-level history that could explain the generation of an emerged MIS 5e backstepped reef is a first sea-level peak followed by an abrupt rise in sea level and a second short-term peak. Any other multiple-stepped stratigraphy can be explained by the interplay between reef growth, marine erosion, and bedrock slope. 

pdf/sea-level-oscillations-within-the-last-interglacial-insights-598tuavjko.pdf

Sea-level oscillations within the Last Interglacial: insights from coral reef stratigraphic forward modelling

The study of paleo shorelines, particularly of those formed during the late Quaternary, provides robust insights into past climate variability. Advances in surveying techniques and chronological methodologies have dramatically improved the inter-comparability of regional and basin-wide paleo shoreline surveys. However, these advances have been applied unevenly across the globe. This is especially true in southwestern Madagascar, where, in the 1960s and 1970s, emerged Pleistocene beach and reef facies were first described in detail and dated to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5a using U–Th alpha activity counting by french geologist René Battistini. Now, 50 years on, no further analysis of the coastal sequence has been made. In this study, we present an updated late Pleistocene coastal evolution model for the southwestern Madagascar coast. Utilizing a combination of Structure-from-Motion/Multi-View Stereo techniques and differential Global Navigation Satellite System surveys, we have created five high-resolution 3D outcrop reconstructions that have, in turn, been chronologically constrained using 10 U-series ages from both in situ and reworked coral samples. Our data suggest that the emerged reef was deposited during MIS 5e (∼125 ka), then was covered by intertidal and beach sediment (including redeposited coral clasts of MIS 5e age), and finally capped off by thick eolianites. This sequence would suggest that the local sea level must have remained stable throughout MIS 5e in order to allow for the progradation of both the beach and reef environments. 

Revisiting Battistini: Pleistocene Coastal Evolution of Southwestern Madagascar

The Internationale Bibliographie der Zeitschriftenliteratur aus alien Gebieten des Wissens (IBZ) and the Internationale Bibliographie der Rezentionen Wissenschaflicher Literatur (IBR) appear to be disappearing from the United States. Why is this happening? Is it any loss?

Metamorphosis of the IBZ Bibliographic Index

. The warmest peak of the Last Interglacial (ca. 128–116 ka) is considered a process analogue, and is often studied to better understand the effects of a future warmer climate on the Earth’s system. In particular, significant effort has been made to better constrain ice sheet contributions to peak Last Interglacial sea level through field observation of paleo relative sea level indicators. Along tropical coastal margins, these observations are predominantly based on fossil shallow coral reef sequences, also thanks to the possibility of gathering reliable U-series chronological constraints. However, the preservation 5 of many Pleistocene reef sequences is often limited to a series of discrete relative sea-level positions within the interglacial, where corals suitable for dating were preserved. This in turn, limits our ability to understand the continuous evolution of paleo relative sea-level through an entire interglacial, also affecting the possibility to unravel the existence and pattern of sub-stadial sea level oscillations. While the interpretation of lithostratigraphic and geomorphologic properties is often used to overcome this hurdle, geological interpretation may present issues related to subjectivity when dealing with missing facies or incomplete 10 sequences. In this study, we try to step back from a conventional approach generating a spectrum of synthetic Quaternary subtropical fringing reefs for a site in southwestern Madagascar (Indian Ocean). We use the DIONISOS forward (Beicip Franlab) stratigraphic model to build a fossil reef at this location. In each model run, we use distinct Greenland and Antarctica Ice Sheet melt scenarios produced by a coupled ANICE-SELEN glacial isostatic adjustment model. The resulting synthetic reef sequences are then used test these melt scenarios against the stratigraphic record. We propose that this sort of stratigraphic 15 modelling may provide further quantitative control when interpreting


 The morphology of a coral reef terrace (CRT) is a key parameter in the interpretation and quantification of past sea‐level changes, but it is directly influenced by local morphodynamic and hydrodynamic conditions. Spatial differences in terrace morphology may therefore result in over‐ or underestimation of paleorelative sea levels and their associated uncertainties. To investigate this, we integrate high‐precision field surveys from the island of Aruba (Leeward Antilles, Caribbean Sea) with a stratigraphic forward model (DionisosFlow®) to quantify the intra‐island variability of the Quaternary coral reef sequence. We establish that a possible slight North‐South tectonic tilt of the island may drive differences in the elevation of CRTs and the number of emerged fossil coral reefs imprinted on the coastal landscape. However, terrace geometry is primarily defined by the basement slope and wave exposure. All together, our results show that even small‐scale environmental and hydrodynamic variability can introduce meter‐scale errors in sea‐level reconstructions derived from CRTs.

Unraveling the Spatial Variability of Fossil Coral Reef Morphology on Aruba and the Implications for Paleo Sea Level Estimates

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Patrick C. Boyden

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Revisiting Battistini: Pleistocene Coastal Evolution of Southwestern Madagascar

Metamorphosis of the IBZ Bibliographic Index

Refining patterns of melt with forward stratigraphic models on stable Pleistocene coastlines

Unraveling the Spatial Variability of Fossil Coral Reef Morphology on Aruba and the Implications for Paleo Sea Level Estimates