Elevated risk for autoimmune disorders in iraq and afghanistan veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder.

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Recognition and alleviation of distress in laboratory animals.

Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV), a naturally occurring, enteric pathogen of mice is a Cardiovirus of the Picornaviridae family. Low neurovirulent TMEV strains such as BeAn cause a severe demyelinating disease in susceptible SJL mice following intracerebral infection. Furthermore, TMEV infections of C57BL/6 mice cause acute polioencephalitis initiating a process of epileptogenesis that results in spontaneous recurrent epileptic seizures in approximately 50% of affected mice. Moreover, C3H mice develop cardiac lesions after an intraperitoneal high-dose application of TMEV. Consequently, TMEV-induced diseases are widely used as animal models for multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and myocarditis. The present review summarizes morphological lesions and pathogenic mechanisms triggered by TMEV with a special focus on the development of hippocampal degeneration and seizures in C57BL/6 mice as well as demyelination in the spinal cord in SJL mice. Furthermore, a detailed description of innate and adaptive immune responses is given. TMEV studies provide novel insights into the complexity of organ- and mouse strain-specific immunopathology and help to identify factors critical for virus persistence.

https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/2/448/pdf

Facets of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus-induced diseases: an update

An overview of stress and immunity.

Psychological stress is an important factor in susceptibility to many diseases. Our laboratory has been investigating the impact of stress on the susceptibility to Theiler’s virus-induced demyelinatio

/pdf/effects-of-stress-on-the-immune-response-to-theiler-s-virus-46em8fejq2.pdf

Effects of stress on the immune response to theiler's virus - implications for virus-induced autoimmunity

Social stress alters the severity and onset of the chronic phase of Theiler's virus infection

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Social stress alters the severity and onset of the chronic phase of Theiler's virus infection