Physicochemical characterization of sweet potato starches popularly used in Chinese starch industry

Characterization and comparative study of starches from seven purple sweet potatoes

Impact of amylose content on starch physicochemical properties in transgenic sweet potato.

Interests in sweetpotato production and utilization are surging in recent years. The major carbohydrate of sweetpotato root is starch which accounts up to around 80% of the dry matter, with a large and cheap potential supply. This review summarizes the recent advances in physicochemical properties, structure, modifications, and uses of sweetpotato starches, and provides suggestions for further research to improve the utilization.

Physicochemical properties, molecular structure, and uses of sweetpotato starch

The effect of different infrared power levels (104, 125, 146 and 167 W) on drying kinetics and rehydration ratio of sweet potato slices was investigated. It was observed that the power levels affected the drying time and rehydration ratio. The increase in infrared power level decreased the drying time. The experimental data obtained from drying study were fitted with Newton, Henderson and Pabis and Logarithmic models to evaluate the drying kinetics of the sweet potato slices. The fit quality of the proposed models was evaluated by using the determination of coefficient (R2), mean relative percent error (P), reduced chi-square (χ2) and root means square error (RMSE). Among the three drying models, the Logarithmic model gave a better fit over the other two models. Effective diffusivity varied from 1.31 × 10−10 to 3.66 × 10−10 m2/s and was significantly influenced by infrared power.

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Infrared drying of sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas L.) slices

Summary

The physical, chemical and physicochemical properties of twenty-one Caribbean sweet potato cultivars were investigated. Hunter L a b colour parameters were measured, chroma, colour intensity and hue angle were calculated. Proximate composition, vitamin C, amylose, reducing and non-reducing sugars contents were determined using standard methods. Pasting properties were determined using Rapid Visco Analyser. Tuber size (length, r = 0.72, n = 21, P < 0.0015; width, r = 0.85, n = 21, P < 0.0002) was highly correlated with weight of the tubers. External colours of the tubers (L = 28.7–63.1, a = +5.9 to +18.0, b = +3 to +19.3) were lower than the flesh colours (L = 60.8–84.0, a = −2.4 to +27.8, b = +9.9 to +28.5). Proximate composition is typical of sweet potato cultivars but significant differences exist among cultivars. Total sugar, amylose and amylopectin contents ranged from 1.8 to 4.7%, 15.3–31.2% and 68.8–84.7%, respectively. Cooking profiles of the sweet potato flours showed similar trend. Pasting temperature, peak time, swelling power and solubility ranged from 78.3 to 93.0 °C, 3.3–4.8 min, 5.6–23.5 and 11.7–45.7%, respectively.

Physicochemical properties of twenty-one Caribbean sweet potato cultivars.

The proximate compositions and physicochemical properties of 21 Caribbean sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) starches were investigated. Proximate composition, amylose, reducing and non-reducing sugars were determined using standard methods. Swelling power and solubility were evaluated and pasting properties of the starches were determined using Rapid Visco Analyzer. Moisture (8.0–12.4%), protein (0.0–0.2%), ash (0.1–0.5%), and reducing (0.3–2.3%) and non-reducing sugar (0.1–0.2%) contents of starches were significantly different (P < 0.05) among the cultivars. Amylose content varied significantly between 12.8–21.3%. Swelling power and solubility ranged between 7.8–31.1% and 1.5–9.6%, respectively. Pasting properties such as peak viscosity measured in Rapid Visco Units (143.2–288.8 RVU), breakdown viscosity (29.4–162.6 RVU), and setback viscosity (15.0–78.8 RVU), pasting temperature (73.5–87.7 °C) and time to pasting temperature (3.6–4.5 min) varied significantly among the cultivars. Breakdown viscosity was poorly correlated with final viscosity attained (r = − 0.0507, P < 0.05); however, pasting temperature was correlated (r = 0.479, P < 0.05) with setback viscosity. The variability observed in the physicochemical properties of the starches was related to specific requirements for use in the production of noodles, pasta, and inclusion in bread and weaning food formulations.

Physicochemical Properties of Caribbean Sweet Potato ( Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) Starches

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Physicochemical properties of twenty-one Caribbean sweet potato cultivars.

Physicochemical Properties of Caribbean Sweet Potato ( Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) Starches