This paper presents a high-rate IR-UWB transceiver chipset implemented in a 130-nm CMOS technology for WBAN and biomedical applications in the 3.1–4.9 GHz band. The transmitter is based on a pulse synthesizer and an analytical up-converted Gaussian pulse is used to predict its settings. Its measured peak-to-peak output voltage is equal to $0.9~V_{\mathrm{ pp}}$ on a 100 $\Omega $ load for a central frequency of 4 GHz, and a supply voltage of 1.2 V, which gives an emitted energy per pulse of 0.64 pJ. The receiver is a non-coherent architecture based on an LNA followed by a peak-voltage detector. A BER of 10−3 is measured for a 3.1–4.9 GHz input peak-to-peak pulse amplitude of 1.1 mV, which corresponds to a sensitivity of −85.8 dBm at 1 Mb/s and gives a communication range estimated to 1.9 m.

/pdf/a-100-mhz-prf-ir-uwb-cmos-transceiver-with-pulse-shaping-2c58nm3y1m.pdf

A 100 MHz PRF IR-UWB CMOS Transceiver With Pulse Shaping Capabilities and Peak Voltage Detector

This paper presented a new design of a reconfigurable ultra-wide band (UWB) transceiver for biomedical applications. The proposed transceiver was designed to cover the standard low band channel with a 525-MHz bandwidth, corresponding to the center frequencies of 3.5, 4, 4.5 GHz. The emitter is made up of a multi-band voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), a D-latch, and a passive mixer. The receiver, based on a non-coherent IEEE 802.15.4a standard, consists of a reconfigurable low noise amplifier (LNA), a squarer, a low pass amplifier, and a high speed decision stage. The LNA uses a programmable current reuse topology to control the operation mode. This LNA was designed to operate in three sub-bands of low band UWB, UWB mode-1, UWB mode-2, and UWB mode-3. The multi-band pulse generator produces an output signal with a maximum power spectral density (PSD) of –43 dBm/MHz. It dissipates 9.66 mA from the 1.8-V power supply. The receiver power consumption is approximately equal to 15.56 mW. Simulation results show that this configuration can achieve a 200-Mbps data rate and −54-dBm@200Mbps receiving sensitivity. This topology was designed in 0.18 μm RF-CMOS technology.

Reconfigurable UWB Transceiver for Biomedical Sensor Application

In ultra-wideband impulse radio communications, process, voltage, and temperature variations may impact the operation of emitters by modifying the emitted power spectral density. In order to compensate the impact of such variations and to respect the spectral emission masks, self-calibration systems able to estimate the output power spectral density have to be integrated in ultra-wideband impulse radio transmitters. In this paper, a new power spectral density estimation method for ultra-wideband impulse radio signals is presented. Unlike the discrete Fourier transform classically used to estimate the power spectral density, the proposed method, which is based on the measurement of the time varying envelope and instantaneous frequency of the emitted pulse, preserves a link between the time and the frequency domain thanks to a piece-wise approximation of these waveforms. This time-to-frequency link enables a straightforward pulse shape control by using simple control methods and allows to comply with spectral masks required by ultra-wideband communication regulations and standards such as the IEEE 802.15.4a. Thus, both envelope and instantaneous frequency extraction techniques are introduced for acquisition of these time domain waveforms in ultra-wideband impulse radio domain. The proposed techniques are validated and allow to consider future hardware implementation in order to build on-chip calibration systems for ultra-wideband transmitters.

/pdf/an-efficient-method-of-power-spectral-density-estimation-for-mnm3jcz6i9.pdf

An Efficient Method of Power Spectral Density Estimation for On-Chip IR-UWB Transmitter Self-Calibration

This paper presents a comprehensive study of radio channels related to capsule endoscopy communications in ultra wideband wireless body area networks (UWB-WBAN) utilizing multiple antenna systems. The research includes 363 channel realizations, obtained through simulations using an anatomically realistic voxel model and a capsule model. A capsule position is modelled in such a way that it moves throughout the entire intestinal tract. The study examines the frequency and time domain characteristics of the channels in various capsule locations, including the most challenging positions deep inside the tissues or far away from most of the antennas. Additionally, the propagation characteristics inside the abdominal tissue are studied by calculating the most obvious propagation paths based on power flow illustrations and reflecting the results with the channel impulse response analysis. The impact of capsule rotation is also studied. It is shown how small changes in capsule location can greatly impact on the channel characteristics if the thickness of the tissues between the capsule and the on-body antenna changes significantly. The paper concludes with statistical analysis of the channel data, including path loss and root mean square (RMS) delay spread. The results provide valuable insight into how the signal propagates inside different parts of the gastrointestinal tract. They show that channel attenuation remains moderate along most of the gastrointestinal tract, and that even the deepest locations in the small intestine area can be resolved with the use of directional on-body antennas and receivers with higher sensitivity. 

Comprehensive Analysis of Wireless Capsule Endoscopy Radio Channel Characteristics Using Anatomically Realistic Gastrointestinal Simulation Model

This paper presents a low power Impulse-Radio Ultra-WideBand (IR-UWB) receiver for low range and low data rates applications. The receiver adopts a non coherent detection with duty cycling that allows very low power consumption. The receiver operates in the high band of the UWB frequency band. It has been designed for the 7.2-8.5GHz bandwidth and covers channels 8, 9, 10, and 11 of the IEEE 802.15.4a standard. The receiver has been implemented in 130nm standard CMOS process and occupies an area of 1.5mm2. Post-layout simulations of the fully differential Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) including parasitic effects of the package show 40 dB voltage gain and 4 dB noise figure. The LNA turn on time is less than 3 ns. When synchronized and duty cycled with an analog Clock and Data Recovery (CDR) with 23ns peak to peak jitter the receiver consumes 1.95mW at 1Mbps data rate.

A Fully Differential 7.2-8.5GHz LNA for a Self Synchronized and Duty-Cycled UWB OOK Receiver

This work presents a high rate UWB transceiver chipset implemented in a 130 nm CMOS technology for WBAN and biomedical applications in the 3---5 GHz band. The transmitter architecture is based on a double-filter excitation technique that can generate high magnitude pulses and address bipolar modulations such as BPSK. Measurements show that bipolar pulses with a peak-to-peak voltage of 1.9 Vpp for a power consumption of 139 µW@100 kbps can be generated. The receiver is a non-coherent architecture based on LNA followed by an envelope detector. A BER of 10?3 is achieved for a 3---5 GHz input peak-to-peak amplitude of 3.4 mVpp which corresponds to a ?89.3 dBm sensitivity at 100 kbps. The energy consumption of the receiver and of the transmitter is respectively 0.144 nJ/bit and 196 pJ/bit at 100 Mbps. To improve the budget link of our non-coherent based transceiver a Randomly Alternate OOK signaling is proposed which leads to an estimated communication range of 2.36 m in a free space propagation channel.

High rate UWB CMOS transceiver chipset for WBAN and biomedical applications

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High rate UWB CMOS transceiver chipset for WBAN and biomedical applications