Doing qualitative research: a practical handbook, by David Silverman, Los Angeles, Sage, 2010, 456 pp., AU$65.00, ISBN 978-1-84860-033-1, ISBN 978-1-94960-034-8. Available in Australia and New Zeal...

Doing qualitative research: a practical handbook

SummaryBackground
No systematic review has yet evaluated the available evidence on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in alopecia areata (AA).

Objectives
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of HRQOL studies among patients diagnosed with AA.

Methods
A systematic search was performed for papers published between 1946 and 15 December 2014 in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to pool data.

Results
Twenty-one studies were included, representing a total of 2530 adult patients with AA. Of the 14 different HRQOL measures used in the studies, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI; n = 8) and SF-36 (n = 7) were the most common. Three AA-specific HRQOL instruments were identified: Alopecia Areata Quality of Life Index, Alopecia Areata Quality of Life and Alopecia Areata Symptom Impact Scale. The mean pooled DLQI score of patients with AA was 6·3 (95% confidence interval 5·6–7·1). Comparing age- and sex-matched controls, the meta-analysis of SF-36 studies revealed significantly reduced HRQOL across the role-emotional, mental health and vitality domains (P < 0·001). Wearing a wig had a positive impact, while scalp involvement, anxiety and depression had a negative impact on HRQOL. Conflicting results were found regarding the association between HRQOL and age, sex, marital status and disease duration.

Conclusions
Patients with AA experience significant impairment in HRQOL, especially in the area of mental health. Several generic and dermatology-specific HRQOL instruments have been used, but no validation studies have confirmed their applicability in AA. The newly developed AA-specific measures seem very promising; however, a more extensive assessment of validity and reliability is needed.

Alopecia areata and health‐related quality of life: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Alopecia areata (AA) is a common skin disease that is frequently emotionally devastating. Several studies have examined the effect of AA on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We performed a systematic review of all published studies of HRQoL in patients with AA. Eleven studies met inclusion criteria, incorporating data from 1986 patients. Patients with AA consistently demonstrate poor HRQoL scores, with greater extent of scalp involvement associated with lower HRQoL. HRQoL experienced by patients with AA is similar to that seen in patients with other chronic skin diseases including atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients with alopecia areata (AA): A systematic review.

Background Alopecia areata (AA) is an immune-mediated disease resulting in nonscarring hair loss. Systematic reviews on the psychosocial and psychiatric comorbidities, health-related quality of life, and interventions targeting psychosocial well-being are limited. Objective To conduct a systematic review of the psychosocial comorbidities, health-related quality of life, and treatment options targeting psychosocial well-being in adult and pediatric AA patients. Methods A systematic review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines within the PubMed database. Specific search terms included, but were not limited to, alopecia areata, psychosocial, psychiatry, and quality of life. Studies were then evaluated for their design and categorized into corresponding levels of evidence according to the guidelines adapted from the Oxford Center for Evidence Based Medicine. Findings Seventy-three reports met inclusion criteria, involving approximately 414,319 unique participants. AA patients were found to have psychiatric comorbidities, particularly anxiety and depression. Health-related quality of life is reduced in AA patients, but data on pediatric AA quality of life are limited. Psychotherapy is often recommended as adjuvant treatment. Conclusion AA has substantial psychosocial impact on patients and results in reduced health-related quality of life. Addressing this should be an active part of treatment.

Psychosocial and psychiatric comorbidities and health-related quality of life in alopecia areata: A systematic review

Alopecia areata (AA) is a common form of non-scarring hair loss of scalp and/or body. Genetic predisposition, autoimmunity, and environmental factors play a major role in the etiopathogenesis of AA. Patchy AA is the most common form. Atopy and autoimmune thyroiditis are most common associated conditions. Peribulbar and intrabulbar lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate resembling swarm of bees is characteristic on histopathology. Treatment is mainly focused to contain the disease activity. Corticosteroids are the preferred treatments in form of topical, intralesional, or systemic therapy. Camouflage in the form of wigs may be an alternative option in refractory cases.

Alopecia areata: An update

Resume Objectif Evaluer l’impact de la mise a disposition d’un livret d’information concernant la douleur et les traitements antalgiques sur les connaissances, attitudes, croyances et perceptions des patients consultant dans des services d’oncologie. Methode Etude prospective, comparative, incluant des sujets consultant dans un service d’oncologie thoracique et un service d’oncologie generale, ayant une symptomatologie douloureuse motivant un traitement de niveau ≥ 2 (echelle OMS). Un groupe de sujets ayant recu un livret d’information (cas) a ete compare a un groupe de sujets sans livret (temoins). Le questionnaire d’evaluation, elabore selon la methode KABP ( Knowledge, Attitudes, Belief, Practice ), a ete distribue aux 2 groupes. Une seconde evaluation a ete realisee 4 semaines apres pour les sujets avec livret. Des echelles visuelles analogiques (EVA) ont permis de suivre l’intensite de la douleur. Resultats Vingt et un cas et 33 temoins ont ete evalues. Il existait une absence de modification des croyances (risque de dependance), mais une amelioration des connaissances (duree d’action des morphiniques, gestion du traitement, prise en charge multidisciplinaire). Cette amelioration des connaissances s’accompagnait d’une amelioration du controle de la douleur : 2/3 des patients avaient une EVA ≤ 1 au moment de la seconde evaluation contre 1/3 lors de l’evaluation initiale. Conclusion Ameliorer, meme partiellement, les connaissances des patients sur la douleur et ses traitements au travers d’un livret d’information, est l’une des voies pour optimiser la prise en charge de la douleur.

Impact d’un livret d’information sur la douleur destiné aux patients en oncologie thoracique

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a self-administered, multidimensional, poverty-related quality of life (PQoL) questionnaire for individuals seeking care in emergency departments (EDs): the PQoL-17. Study Design and Setting: The development of the PQoL was undertaken in three steps: item generation, item reduction, and validation. The content of the PQoL was derived from 80 interviews with patients seeking care in EDs. Using item response and classical test theories, item reduction was performed in 3 EDs on 300 patients and validation was completed in 10 EDs on 619 patients. Results: The PQoL contains 17 items describing seven dimensions (self-esteem/vitality, psychological well-being, relationships with family, relationships with friends, autonomy, physical well-being/access to care, and future perception). The seven-factor structure accounted for 75.1% of the total variance. This model showed a good fit (indices from the LISREL model: root mean square error of approximation, 0.055; comparative fit index, 0.97; general fit index, 0.96; standardized root mean square residual, 0.058). Each item achieved the 0.40 standard for item internal consistency, and Cronbach a coefficients were O0.70. Significant associations with socioeconomic and clinical indicators showed good discriminant and external validity. Infit statistics ranged from 0.82 to 1.16. Conclusion: The PQoL-17 presents satisfactory psychometric properties and can be completed quickly, thereby fulfilling the goal of

ORIGINAL ARTICLES A poverty-related quality of life questionnaire can help to detect health inequalities in emergency departments

Relation entre la satisfaction des patients hospitalisés et la qualité des soins

l miglioramento continuo della qualita dell’assi-stenza sanitaria costituisce un obbiettivo quoti-diano sia per gli enti statali che per i professionistiche lavorano nell’ambito della sanita. Un migliora-mento continuo della qualita dell’assistenza sanitariae ovviamente atteso in primo luogo dai pazienti.Una definizione semplificata di buona assistenzasanitaria potrebbe essere il raggiungimento dei“risultati terapeutici desiderati” che sono “in lineacon le conoscenze professionali attuali”. Tuttavia, laqualita dell’assistenza sanitaria viene messa in rela-zione dai professionisti della sanita principalmentecon il mantenimento di un livello corrispondente

/pdf/il-ruolo-della-soddisfazione-del-paziente-nella-valutazione-3ix5ek8ktv.pdf

Il ruolo della soddisfazione del paziente nella valutazione della qualità della chirurgia toracica per carcinoma polmonare

Quality of life in alopecia areata: a study of 60 cases.

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